Xuchang

The synonym Xuzhou (place name) generally refers to Xuchang (a prefecture-level city in Henan Province)

Historical Evolution

During the Emperor Yao period, Xuchang was called "Xu" in ancient times. It originated from the Yao time. It is named after the shore of Yingshui.

Xuchang scenery (4 photos)

Xia Dynasty, once built the capital of Yangdi (now Xuchang Yuzhou).

In the Shang Dynasty, the vassal states and tribes distributed in Xudi had a history (in today's Yuzhou City), Xiong (in today's Changge City), Kunwu (in today's Jian'an District), and Kang (in today's Yuzhou City) Within).

In the Western Zhou Dynasty, the vassal states and cities where Xu was distributed were: Li (in Yuzhou City today), Kang (in Yuzhou City today), Xu (in the area of ​​Gucheng Village, Zhangpan Township, Jian'an District) , Yan (now the ancient city of Pengdian Township, Yanling County), etc.

During the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period, Xu Di was controlled by Zheng and Chu successively. They belong to Han, Wei and Chu. In the seventeenth year of Emperor Qin's administration (230 years ago), Qin established Yingchuan County and Zhiyang Di (Yindi, now Yuzhou City). Yingchuan County has jurisdiction over 12 counties, including Xu County (now Jian'an District), Yangdi County (now Yuzhou City), Changshe County (now Changge City), Yanling County, and Xiangcheng County.

In the Western Han Dynasty, in the sixth year of Gaozu (201 years ago), Xu County was analyzed, and Yingyin County was established (to govern the present Weidu District). Xu County, Yingyin County, Yangdi County, Changshe County (administration of the old town of Changge City), Yanling County (administration of Gucheng Village, Pengdian Township, Yanling County), and Xiangcheng County all belong to Yingchuan County.

In the new dynasty, Yingchuan County was changed to the left team, Yangdi County was changed to Yingchuan County, and Yanling County was changed to Zuoting and merged into Xu County. Xu County, Yingyin, Changshe, Yingchuan and other counties belong to the left team.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, in August of the first year of Jian'an (196), Cao Cao welcomed Emperor Xian to Luoyang, Kyoto in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and moved his capital to Xu County (now east of Xuchang, Henan), the capital of the last Han Dynasty.

During the Three Kingdoms period, Wei was called Yingchuan County and belonged to Yuzhou. Jian'an District, Yingyin County, Yanling County, and Changshe County all belonged to Yingchuan County. Xuchang is one of the five capitals of Wei. In the second year of Wei and Huangchu (221 years), Emperor Cao Pi of Weiwen changed Xu County to "Xuchang County" with "Han died in Xu, Wei Jichang in Xu".

In the two Jins, the Western Jin followed the Wei system. During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the sixteen northern kingdoms fought, and Xu land was successively occupied by Hou Zhao, Qian Yan, Qian Qin, Hou Yan, and Hou Qin.

Xuchang Scenery (4 photos)

During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the second year of Song Yongchu in the Southern Dynasty (421 years), set Xuchang County (the former city of Zhangpan in Jian’an District). In the first year of Jingping (423), Xuchang County was razed to the ground by the Northern Wei Dynasty general Zhou Ji, and its land was seized by the Northern Wei Dynasty. The Northern Wei Dynasty set up Yingchuan County and ruled Changsha (now the old town of Changge City). The Western Wei Dynasty set Xuchang County (now the old town of Changge City). In the first year of Tianping in the Eastern Wei Dynasty (534), it was changed to Yingzhou. In the 7th year of Wuding (549 years), Yingzhou was changed to Zhengzhou, and Yingyin (now Weidu District) was governed, and the three counties of Yangdi, Yingchuan and Xuchang were commanded. The Northern Qi Dynasty merged Yingyin County into Changshe, and Changshe was governed by Yingchuan County. In the first year of the Northern Zhou Dynasty (581), Zhengzhou was changed to Xuzhou, and Changshe (now Weidu District) was governed.

In the Sui Dynasty, Xuzhou was changed to Yingchuan County, with 14 counties under its jurisdiction, Yingchuan (now Yu County), Changge, Xuchang, Qiang (now Yanling Taocheng), Yanling, and Xiangcheng counties belonged to it.

Tang, Wude four years (621 years), changed Yingchuan County to Xuzhou, Yanling, Changge, and Yangdi, Xuchang counties belonged to Xuzhou. In the first year of Tianbao (742), Xuzhou was renamed Yingchuan County, belonging to Henan Province. Changshe (now Weidu District), Changge, Yangdi, Xuchang, and Yanling counties belong to Yingchuan County. In the first year of Qianyuan (758), Xuzhou was renamed.

Five generations, the Later Liang changed Xuzhou to Xuzhou Kuang Guojun. Later Tang, Later Jin, Later Han and Later Zhou all called Xuzhou Zhongwu Army.

At the beginning of the Northern Song Dynasty, the Xuzhou Zhongwu Army was changed to Xuzhou and it was attached to Northwest Road in Beijing. In the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), Xuzhou was promoted to Yingchang Mansion and was attached to Beijing Northwest Road. In the fourth year of Grand View (1110), Xuzhou was named and was attached to Jingxi Road.

Jin, Xuzhou was renamed as Changwu Army Xuzhou, governing Changshe (now Weidu District), Changshe and Changge belonged to it, and under Nanjing Road (now Kaifeng). Yangdi County was promoted to Yingchuan Army, later renamed Yingchuan Prefecture, Xuan and Yingchuan Prefecture was changed to Junzhou, which also belonged to Nanjing Road. Yan Ling belongs to Kaifeng Mansion on Nanjing Road.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Xu was still a state, and Changshe, Changge, and Xiangcheng counties belonged to it. Yan Ling belongs to Kaifeng Prefecture.

Ming Dynasty, in the first year of Hongwu (1368), Changshe County was abolished and merged into Xuzhou, leading 4 counties, Changge and Xiangcheng belonged to it. Xuzhou and Junzhou are both under Kaifeng Mansion. In the third year of Wanli (1575), Junzhou was changed to Yuzhou. At the end of Ming Dynasty, the Li Zicheng uprising army changed Yuzhou to Junping Mansion.

In the early Qing Dynasty, Xuzhou and Yuzhou belonged to Henan Province. In the second year of Yongzheng (1724) Xuzhou was promoted to Zhili Prefecture, and Changge belonged to it. Yan Ling belongs to Kaifeng Prefecture. In the 13th year of Yongzheng (1735) Xuzhou was promoted to Xuzhou Prefecture, and Linying, Chencheng, Xiangcheng, Changge, Mi County (now Xinmi City), and Xinzheng belonged to it. Xuzhou Prefecture and Kaifeng Prefecture are both under the jurisdiction of Henan Province.

Xuchang Three Kingdoms Garden (6 photos)

During the Republic of China, after the establishment of the Republic of China, Xuzhou was changed to Xuchang County, Yuzhou was changed to Yu County, and Changge County belonged to Henan Province Yudong Road. Yanling County is directly under Henan Province. In 1926, the abandoned road was the district, and Xuchang was the second administrative district of Henan Province, governing Xuchang (now Weidu District). Changge and Yu County belonged to the first administrative region of Henan Province, governing Zheng County (now Zhengzhou City). Yanling is directly under Henan Province. In 1932, Xuchang was the fifth administrative region of Henan Province, and the Office of the Inspectorate was stationed in Xuchang, governing 9 counties including Xuchang, Yanling, and Xiangcheng. Changge and Yu County belong to the first administrative region of Henan Province. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, in May 1944, Changge, Xuchang, Yanling, and Yuxian counties were successively occupied by Japanese invaders. In October of the same year, the Eighth Route Army entered west Henan, opened up the Yu Mixin and Yujia Anti-Japanese Base Areas, established the Yu Mixin Office and the Yujia County Anti-Japanese Democratic Government. In May 1945, the Army of the Eighth Route Army, Hebei, Shandong and Henan Military Region opened the Shuixi Anti-Japanese Base at the junction of Yanling and Fugou, and established the anti-Japanese democratic government in Yanfu County. In August of the same year, Japan surrendered and Xuchang became the fifth administrative region of Henan Province of the National Government. The Office of the Inspectorate was stationed in Xuchang (now Weidu District) and governed 9 counties including Xuxian, Yanling, and Xiangcheng. Changge and Yu County are still the first administrative regions of Henan Province. On June 7, 1948, the First Division of the Central Plains Field Army and the Fifth Army Division of the Henan-Anhui Soviet Military Region liberated Xuchang. In February 1949, the second area of ​​the western Henan administrative office merged with the fifth area to form the Xuchang area (the Office of the Commissioner is located in the present Weidu District of Xuchang City), which governs Xuchang City (now Weidu District), Xuchang County, Changge, Yanling, and Linying , Luohe City, Yancheng County, Wuyang, Yexian, Xiangcheng, Yuxian, Jiaxian, Baofeng, Lushan, Linru, Fugou, Xihua, Shangshui, Pingdingshan City and other counties and cities.

During the Republic of China, in October 1954, Linru County was changed to the jurisdiction of Luoyang Prefecture. In March 1964, Pingdingshan City was renamed Pingdingshan Special Zone, which was demarcated from Xuchang Special Zone. In May 1965, Fugou, Xihua, and Shangshui counties were included in the Zhoukou area. In 1979, Wugang District was transferred from Pingdingshan City to Xuchang District. In November 1982, it was reclassified into Pingdingshan City. In October 1983, Lushan, Baofeng, and Yexian counties that belonged to Xuchang Prefecture were included in Pingdingshan City. On January 18, 1986, with the approval of the State Council, the Xuchang area was revoked and upgraded to a prefecture-level city with jurisdiction over Weidu District, Xuchang County, Changge County, Yanling County, and Yu County. Xiangcheng County and Jiaxian County were placed under Pingdingshan City. Wuyang County, Linying County, and Yancheng County are placed under Luohe City. On June 25, 1988, Yu County was changed to Yuzhou City. On December 14, 1993, Changge County was changed to Changge City. On August 25, 1997, Xiangcheng County was transferred from Pingdingshan City to Xuchang City. On December 11, 2016, the State Council approved the cancellation of Xuchang County and the establishment of Jian'an District in Xuchang City.

Administrative divisions

As of December 2018, Xuchang has jurisdiction over 2 districts, Weidu and Jian'an, 2 cities in Yuzhou and Changge, and 2 counties in Yanling and Xiangcheng. The municipal government is located at No. 1516, Jian'an Avenue, Weidu District, Xuchang City.

Geographical environment

Location context

Xuchang City is located in the central part of Henan Province, east longitude 113°03′~114°19′, north latitude 33°42′~34 °24', with an area of ​​4996 square kilometers. It is adjacent to Zhoukou City in the east, Luohe City in the south, Pingdingshan City in the west, Zhengzhou City in the north, and Kaifeng City in the northeast; the total area is 4996 square kilometers.

Xuchang City

Topography

The western part of Xuchang City is low mountains and hills, the highest elevation is 1150 meters; the eastern part is the western edge of Huaihai Plain, the lowest elevation is 50 meters. The terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, slowly sloping from the northwest to the southeast. The geomorphic landscape is divided into east-west zoning, and can be divided into three categories: plain, mountain and hilly land according to the cause and combination of geomorphology.

Climatic characteristics

Xuchang City is a north-warm temperate monsoon climate zone, with abundant heat resources, abundant rainfall, abundant sunshine and a long frost-free period. Due to the continental monsoon climate, there are many meteorological disasters such as drought, waterlogging, wind and hail. The general characteristics of the city’s four-season climate are: spring is dry and windy and sandy, summer is concentrated with hot rain, autumn is sunny and refreshing, and the sun is long, and winter is cold and less rain and snow. The annual average temperature over the years is between 14.3℃~14.6℃, and the highest in Weidu District is 14.6℃ (related to the urban effect). The warmest year was 1961, and the annual average temperature was 15.4℃~15.9℃. The coldest year was 1984, and the annual average temperature was 13.4℃~13.7℃. The difference between warm and cold years is 2℃~2.2℃. The annual extreme maximum temperature of 44℃ appeared on July 19, 1966 (Yanling County), and the annual extreme minimum temperature was -17.4℃, which appeared on January 6, 1955 (now Weidu District). The hottest month is July, with an average temperature of 27.2℃~27.4℃; the coldest month is January, with an average temperature of 0℃~0.5℃.

Natural resources

Water resources

Surface water in Xuchang City mainly comes from natural precipitation. The annual average precipitation is 671mm~736mm, mostly in June. ~September, accounting for 65% of annual precipitation.

Biological resources

The fauna of Xuchang City belongs to the sub-region of the Huanghuai Plain in North China, and belongs to the Zoological Geography Province of the Northeast Plain of Henan Province and the Loess Hills of the Xiqiao Mountains according to the animal divisions of Henan Province. Zoological Geography Province. There are 135 species of main animals in the city. There are 124 families, 411 genera, and 719 species of vascular plants in Xuchang City. Among them, there are 448 species of wild plants and 271 species of cultivated plants.

Mineral resources

The known mineral deposits in Xuchang City mainly include coal, bauxite, iron, silica, refractory clay, limestone, marble, and chalk. Coal, bauxite, iron ore and other mineral resources are abundant, with raw coal reserves of 6.4 billion tons, bauxite proven reserves of 140 million tons, iron ore proven reserves of 420 million tons, and total installed power generation capacity of 2.6 million kWh. Xuchang is rich in wheat, corn, soybeans, sweet potatoes, vegetables and other crops. It is an important tobacco production and processing base and a Chinese medicinal material production and processing base in the country.

Population

Caowei Ancient City (2 photos)

As of the end of 2018, Xuchang had a total population of 4,982,400, an increase of 26,100 from the end of the previous year, and a permanent population of 4,437,400 , An increase of 28,500 over the end of the previous year, of which the urban permanent population was 2.3354 million, and the urbanization rate of the permanent population was 52.63%, an increase of 1.57 percentage points over the end of the previous year. The annual birth population was 60,200, with a birth rate of 12.12‰; 34,100 deaths, with a death rate of 6.87‰; a net increase of 26,100 people due to natural changes, with a natural growth rate of 5.25‰.

At the end of 2019, the city’s total population was 5.048 million, an increase of 22,400 over the end of the previous year, and the permanent population was 4,462,100, an increase of 24,700 over the end of the previous year. Among them, the urban permanent population was 2.4154 million, and the permanent population urbanization rate was 54.13%. An increase of 1.50 percentage points over the end of the previous year.

According to the seventh census data, as of 0:00 on November 1, 2020, the permanent population of Xuchang City is 4,379,998.

Politics

Economy

Overview

Combined Atlas (2 photos)

In 2018, Xuchang City achieved total production The value was 283.06 billion yuan, an increase of 8.6% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 14.84 billion yuan, an increase of 3.4%; the added value of the secondary industry was 163.49 billion yuan, an increase of 8.5%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 104.74 billion yuan, an increase of 9.7%. The value added of the primary industry accounted for 5.2% of the total output value, the value added of the secondary industry accounted for 57.8%, and the value added of the tertiary industry accounted for 37.0%. The per capita GDP was 63,996 yuan, an increase of 7.9% over the previous year.

In 2019, the city's GDP was 339.57 billion yuan, an increase of 7.1% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 16.23 billion yuan, an increase of 2.0%; the added value of the secondary industry was 183.44 billion yuan, an increase of 7.8%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 139.90 billion yuan, an increase of 6.9%. The added value of the primary industry accounted for 4.8% of the GDP, the added value of the secondary industry accounted for 54.0%, and the added value of the tertiary industry accounted for 41.2%. The per capita GDP was 76,312 yuan, an increase of 6.5% over the previous year. According to the results of the fourth national economic census, the Henan Provincial Bureau of Statistics revised the preliminary calculations of the GDP of each province-administered city in 2018. The revised 2018 GDP of the city was 314.09 billion yuan, of which the added value of the primary industry was 152.0 The added value of the secondary industry was 171.97 billion yuan, and the added value of the tertiary industry was 126.93 billion yuan.

In 2019, the city's general public budget revenue was 17.99 billion yuan, an increase of 8.3% over the previous year. Among them, tax revenue was 12.34 billion yuan, an increase of 5.0%, and tax revenue accounted for 68.6% of general public budget revenue. In terms of classification, general public budget revenue at the city level was 5.49 billion yuan, an increase of 5.5%; general public budget revenue at the county level was 12.50 billion yuan, an increase of 9.5%. The city's general public budget expenditure was 36.24 billion yuan, an increase of 13.7%. Among them, expenditure on people's livelihood was 26.01 billion yuan, an increase of 14.5%, accounting for 71.8% of general public budget expenditure.

In 2020, Xuchang City will complete a GDP of 344.92 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 2.7%. The added value of the primary industry was 18.35 billion yuan, an increase of 2.4%; the added value of the secondary industry was 181.89 billion yuan, an increase of 3.6%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 144.68 billion yuan, an increase of 1.2%.

The first industry

Wenfeng Tower (2 photos)

In 2018, Xuchang City’s grain planting area was 6,840,100 mu, a decrease of 4,200 mu compared with the previous year. Among them, the wheat planting area was 3,495,100 mu, an increase of 10,700 mu; the corn planting area was 2.393 million mu, a decrease of 163,800 mu. The cotton planting area was 12,600 mu, an increase of 5,000 mu. Tobacco planting area is 137,600 mu, a decrease of 0.35