Work research

Work Research Introduction

Work Research, Work Research is a very practical advanced management technology, which combines technology and management. Application science, it is based on the principles of the current working system for research objects, applications human engineering and behavioral science, etc., the systematic analysis of existing processes, operations, working methods, etc. Technology, work procedures, operational procedures analysis, research, improve workflow, or working methods, eliminate, reduce excess non-production action (such as: search, choice, stay, etc.), formulate reasonable process structure, determine standards work method.

There are a variety of ways to increase productivity or efficiency, such as by purchasing advanced equipment, improve labor intensity. Work research follows the principle of increasing efficiency in connotation, without relying on increasing investment without increasing investment, does not increase worker labor intensity, only by re-combining production factors, optimizing operational processes, improving operational methods, rectifying on-site order, etc. Eliminate various waste, save time and resources, thereby increasing output efficiency, increasing efficiency, and improving productivity. At the same time, due to the standardization of the job, the work is standardized, the product quality can be stabilized and increased, and the morale is rising. Therefore, working research is an effective way to improve productivity and economic benefits.

In a sense, human beings have been working in the development process, and the more advanced form of work research - the improvement and inventions of tools and work process management Research, therefore, human production capacity and productivity are constantly increasing. On the other hand, everyone is trying to work in all aspects in their life. For example, how faster, better mowing, bicycles, how to learn more effort.

method technology

Work Research Institute includes two major categories: method research and time study.

method Study

Mainly by analyzing the process and action of the current working method, it is discovered unreasonable action or process and improved. Methods The main research: sample method, standard elements.

The Work Sampling Method is also a wide range of methods in the job assay. The basic principle of this method is that it does not care about the time spent on the specific action, but the time proportion of the estimated person or machine occupies in a certain behavior. For example, processing products, providing services, handling transactions, waiting for overhaul, or idle, which can be seen as a "behavior", which will occupy a certain amount of time. Estimation of the time occupied by these behaviors is made on a large number of observations. Its basic assumption is that the time proportion of a behavior observed in the sample is generally proportional to the time occupied when the behavior occurs. At a given confidence, the size of the sample will affect the estimated accuracy. The basic principle of this method of the standard element method is that in different kinds of work, there are a large number of work units, in fact, different work, (this type is limited) Different combinations of units. Therefore, for the time research and establishment of the work unit, work units in different types of work can be applied to different types of work. The standard of such a working unit can be deposited in a database, which is available at any time.

Time Study

Time The main purpose of this method is to establish a time standard for work. A work (usually one person is done) can be broken down into a plurality of work units (or action units). In time study, the researchers use a stopwatch to observe and measure a trained person, and the time spent on each working unit under normal conditions, this usually needs to observe multiple times, then take average. From the data obtained from the observation, measurement, it can be calculated to reach the required time accuracy, and how large the number of samples is required. If the number of observations is not enough, further additional observation and measurement are needed. Finally, consider the degree of normal extent and the amplitude of allowing changes to determine the standard time. The method of working research and time study is interrelated, method research is the basis of time research, the premise of formulating work standards, and the working determination results are the basis for selecting and comparing working methods. The main method of time study is a predetermined time standard setting (PTS) method.

The predetermined time standards, and the PTS method is a method commonly used in the assay. This method is more step more than the standard element method. He is decomposed into a number of basic actions that make up the operation of the working unit into several basic actions, and then the basic action is subjected to a standard schedule. When you want to determine the actual working time, just decompose the task to these basic actions, from the standard time of the basic action, you can get the normal time of the work, and then add The upper width release time, add it, you can get the normal time of the work, then add a wide delivery time, you can get the standard working time.

Research Step

Select Research Objects

Production Operation Managers have a variety of problems, and the scope of work research is also extremely wide. There is a problem with how to choose a suitable work research object. In general, the object of working research is mainly concentrated in the key links, weak links, or aspects of universality, or aspects of implementation from implementation angles. Therefore, the obvious efficiency is not high, the cost is costly, and the urgent need to improve work is used as research objects. The research object can be all production and operation systems, or some part, such as a process in the production line, some work, and even specific actions, time standards, etc. of some operators.

Determining the research target

Although the goal of working research is to improve labor productivity or efficiency, the specific research objectives are required after the study is determined. These goals include:

1) Reduce the time required for the job;

2) Save material consumption in production;

3) Improve product quality stability

4) Enhance employee's work safety, improve working environment and conditions;

5) Improve employee operation, reduce labor fatigue;

6) Improve employees' interest and enthusiasm of work.

record current method

will be recorded in detail, in detail. The action and time study can also be recorded by means of a video tape or a movie film by means of various types of dedicated table technology. Although the method is different, it is the foundation of work research, and the detailed and correctness of the record directly affects the results of the analysis of the original record data. There are now many standardized special chart tools, which can help work researchers accurately, quickly and easily record the facts to be studied, and provide standard expression forms and language foundations to analyze these facts.

Analysis

Detailed analysis of each step in the current working method and each action is necessary, whether the order is reasonable, which can be removed, which needs to change. Here, the "5W1H" analysis method shown in Table 1 can be applied from six aspects.

Table 1 5W1H Analysis method

Using a new method

This is the core part of the work research, including the establishment, use and evaluation of new methods three main tasks. Establishing a new improvement method can be based on the existing working method, through "cancel-merger-re-row-simplified" four technologies to form an improvement in existing methods, these four techniques commonly known as ECRS (or four) Technologies, the specific content is shown in Table 2 below.

Table 2 ECRS (four tips) Techniques

The working methods after the ECRS process may have a lot, so there will be a more scheduled task. The advantages and disadvantages of the evaluation methods mainly need to be considered from economic value, degree of safety and management convenience.

method implementation

The implementation of the research results may be more difficult to compare the work, especially this change is not known at the beginning, and people have changed people. When many years of old habits, the promotion of new programs for work research will be more difficult. Therefore, the implementation process should be carefully propaganda, pilot work, and do a good job in training work of all kinds of personnel. Don't worry about it.

A discussion

What is a working study

According to the purpose, content and form characteristics of article writing, content and form, you can discuss The literature is divided into three types: theoretical academic work research; aesthetic literary and essay; practical work research.

Work research is not only an article on actual work, discussion, argumentation, and discuss. Completely said that work research is aimed at a problem (event, phenomenon, etc.), proposes its own point of view (view, advocates, comments, suggestions), and recognizes the fact or theory of the fact or theory according to some other party, through some logic method Prove that his views were established, and the so-called work research four elements, the topics, arguments, arguments, arguments.

The main features of working research are as follows:

The first is targeted, which means that the issues discussed in this work research are specific affairs in actual work or in real society. ,Condition.

Secondly objective, this article proposed in this article should be the actual work or the realistic reaction of the real society itself, and they should also represent a collective will and interests, this It is the so-called objectivity of work research ------ Social

finally thinking, work research writing should "taking the person", "reason" is the meaning of logic, that is Language.

(1) Classification of working research:

1. Working of analyzing the analysis

2. Judgment Nature Work Research

3. Working in assessing the effects

4. Working of countermeasures

(b) Structure of working research

1. Title

3. Main body

4. End