Content Introduction
The book is launched around the fierce struggle of the Japanese and the gods, and it is believed that ancient Greek art has been impulsive and the mood of the gods. God Apollo is the god of light, in its glorious, all things show beautiful appearance, and the gods symbolize the indulgence of lust, is a painful and carnival. The nation produces shape art, such as poetry and sculptures. The impulse of the gods produced music art. Life is in a state of pain and tragic, and the nerves art will shake this state, which makes it a beautiful appearance, making people live. Greek myths are produced. The impulse of the gods truly reveals the tragic reality of life, revealing the foundation of the Japanese art, so that the individual returns to the world in pain and death. Nietzsche believed that tragedy was binding to both. Nietzsche has emphasized the tragic world view, and believes that only in the state of wine, people can realize that the desire and overall life of individual life, thereby producing a pleasure, a form of comfort. In the tragedy, an university attitude is reflected in life. This is a rebellion to the Western rational ideological ideological and thought since Socrate: Nietzsche has repeatedly stressed that the main purpose of the book is to create a kind of life for life. Purely aesthetic value, "completely non-thinking, non-moral artist God". Therefore, it must be "revalified all value". Because "our religion, morality and philosophy is a human decadence form", we must "call everything we call culture, education, civilization today. One day, there must be a fair judge," Accept "Art" Judgment.
Creative Background
1869, 25-year-old Nietzsche was appointed as Professor of Classic Language, Basel University, Switzerland. He said in the in-job speech published by the University of Basel, "In the Homer and Classical Literature", there is no unified, clearly distinguished public opinion ... Multi-character, conceptual uniform, and different The meaningless accumulation of academic work "," said language itself contains a mandatory factor based on the beauty and ethics. " Affected by the traditional German romantic thinking, the young Nietzsche lucked a romantic spirit of doubting and criticizing everything. He adheres to a romantic criticism, with a stimulating fun language, completed his poems' book "The birth of tragedy".
Ancient Greek music is the music art of poetry, music, and dance. Nietzsche 's "birth", its original intention is to praise the work of the singer, the history, the history of the world, the representative of the representative of the new music life of the Trinity.
Works Ideas
Explain the pessimism of Shu Bourbon, the nature of the Greek's nature and Greek culture
Nietzsche is The pessimist world view of Uncle Hua is relying on, explaining the nature of the Greek's nature and Greek culture. Niu Hongbao's irrational life will of Shu Bourburn and the key to the aesthetic visual intuitive discussion. It is necessary to understand the key to the philosophical thoughts of the uncle. It is to recognize that the uncle Huawei is talking about epistemology, talk about the body. On this relationship with the form, it is the opposite to the understanding of the body, and it is "the understanding of the entry into the body channel". From the "surface, Shu Bahua seems to have not exceeded the scope of Kant's philosophy. In fact, he has conducted two changes in the a priori understanding of Kant: First, it turned to the only theory, and the other aspect turned to the non-physically Intuitiveness. Uncle Huawei is the intuitiveness of Xie Lin, Fishert's inheritual will and determines the philosophy of inert sexual life. Uncle Huahua believes that the district of Kant's phenomenon and the autologousness is reasonable. For Fishert, Xie Lin, Hegel from the era, self-point, uncle, believes that the self can pass Intuitiveness is recognized, and he will regard it as independent of time and space, rationality and knowledge are from, means embassy. Once people entered the aesthetic meditation, the will flee this aesthetic process. Life is organized with pain, and how painful and emptiness of people who are willing to be aesthetically throwing. And Nietzsche, who was originally respecting the life of the uncle, said: "The huge pain suffering from individuals, the inconsistency of human beings, and ultimately understand the unreliable and ability to understand, this makes individuals need art." Especially tragedy art can Make people forget death and time, with the individual's life will, so that all phenomena and objects are given from them and have their own. And the essence of tragic art is the innermost core. It is a sense of sacred things, and to resolve the suffering of human beings to experience, bringing themselves to the joy of pain, only artistic skills is joyful. Nietzsche, has been largely depressed from the thoughts of pessimism of uncle.
The relationship between truth and aesthetics
In "birth of tragedy" China Nietzsche, art, especially tragedy, aesthetic Directive, he is universal for scientific rationality in German society, and it is not possible to destroy our social pathogenesis, and the limitation of scientific pursuit is that people cannot achieve. The more promising optimism is driven to reciprocate in logic reasoning, and eventually bite your tail, he can realize that it is necessary to endure life, need art protection and treatment. In order to master the true meaning of life, it should not be indulge in rational departments like scientists, but should learn artists, beyond knowledge, and grasp the world with aesthetic veil.
In Nietzsche, too persistent to pursue the truth, leading to the prevalence of not knowing and skepticism, caught in the mood of life, losing the desire and enthusiasm of life. Therefore, in order to live, people need to cover the truth of life with art for the veil; in order to love life, people need tragic world views, with aesthetic attitude to facing the generative and changing of the objective world, and the impermanence of life is aesthetic. Pleasant, making personal tragedy into overall comedy. As Nietzsche mentioned in the book "Only as a aesthetic phenomenon, life and the world seem to have sufficient reasons", the truth of life is defective, not as good as people, survival itself does not have sufficient reasons, To convert pessimism to a meaningful life of a fill, it is only through art, so, it is aesthetic defense for life is the only optional choice for life.
In addition, Nietzsche also further proves how art masks the truth as an example of the ancient Greek tragic art to save your life. The prosperity of Greek art is not the point of view of the traditional college, that is, the harmony of the heart of the Greeks, in contrast, Nietzsche believes that the pain and conflict of the Greeks have brought great brilliant Greek culture. The pain and conflict of the Greeks stem from their deep understanding of the eternal pain and conflict of the world's will, but it is because they see the tragic nature of life, so they are urgently needed to save life with art, give life to life And significance, create new joy in pain for the source, so that they will continue to endure life.
The birth of the Japanese and the alcoholic "The birth of the tragedy is formed by the birth of the nation spirit and the spirit of the spirits, but the happening The role is different from the position. The spirit of the wine god represents the primitive pain, the spirit of the Japanese spirit completes the key steps of the original pain representing the spirit of the wine god into the spirit of the spirit of the spirit of the spirit; the tragedy is an art, and the tragedy is born. This key factor in Apollo spirit is started by an artistic process; the intensity of the fishery spirit is not possible to produce an art impulse, and the art impact originates from the individualization principle represented by the spirit of the nation, and the individualization principle is asked. Repeated, the last day spirit is a key factor in the birth of the tragedy through time and eternal coexistence. Therefore, it can be said that the spirit of the Japanese spirit is a key factor in the birth of the tragedy.
Nietzsche in the book to explore the origin of the ancient Greek tragedy as a clue, explain the fundamental difference between the ancient Greek's back-oriented culture in the ancient Greek of Socrate, and the natural life of the people, with a warrior , The aesthetic attitude towards the ancient Greek civilization of individual life in the past, pointed out that people have a fundamental opposition impulse of people with the spirit of the spirit of the nerves and the spirit of the gods, and the former will create a illusion and maintenance of the appearance with rationality. Individuals are for survival; the latter is aimed at individualized destruction, and returns to the original life impulse of the world, thus achieving the highest aesthetic pleasure and survival. The unity of the two produces ancient Greek tragedy; aesthetic is the only value of people who have survived.
The influence of the later generations
"The birth of tragedy" is the work published by Nietzsche, and his aesthetic representative. In this book, Nietzsche 's only sense, Superman's philosophy, and non-genitalism have first seen.
"The birth of tragedy" has an important foundation in aesthetics, and more importantly, it reveals that many key topics and tendencies of Nizihua, thus have special importance. The book did not have an impact before Nietzsche. But pay attention to future people, there is an important impact on Western modern aesthetics.
Publishing information
The book is the earliest of the book, and the "literary focuses" published in 1980 in 1980 in 1980. There is Li Changjun translated, Hunan People's Publishing House, 1986; Zhou Guo Translation, Sanlian Bookstore published in 1987.
Author About
Friedrich William Nietzsche (1844-1900), German philosopher. Western Modern Philosophy. He earliest began to criticize modern society, but his school did not cause people to pay attention to it, until the 20th century, only aroused profound, adjusting the echo. Later life philosophy, existentialism, Freudism, and postmodernism respond to the philosophical thinking of Nietzs in their own form. Its representative is "Tracing Stella is saying", "power will", "birth of tragedy".