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Reform and Opening

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40thAnniversary

TheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommittee

DengXiaoping

DengXiaopingTheory

Seektruthfromfacts

Discussiononthestandardoftruth

XiaogangVillage

Largecontracting

Fourbasicprinciples

Thirtyyearsofreformandopeningup

Theprimarystageofsocialism

The19thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChina

Expand

BackgroundHistory

PoliticalBackground

TheresolutionoftheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaonseveralhistoricalissuesofthepartysincethefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina(unanimouslyadoptedattheSixthPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaonJune27,1981)Basicestimatesandevaluationsweremadeforthesevenyearsofcompletingsocialisttransformationandthetenyearsofcomprehensivelybuildingsocialism.

Forthe10yearsofthe"CulturalRevolution",thedocumentmentioned:The10yearsoftheCulturalRevolutioncausedthepartystateandpeopletosufferthemostserioussetbacksandlossessincethefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.Historyprovesthattheargumentsofthe"CulturalRevolution"donotconformtoChina'srealityandMarxism-Leninism.TheseargumentsarecompletelywrongintheirestimationoftheclasssituationinChinaandthepoliticalsituationofthepartyandthecountryatthattime.Practicehasprovedthatthe"CulturalRevolution"isnotandcannotberevolutionorsocialprogressinanysense.Itisnot"disorderingtheenemy"atallbutchaosingitself,soithasneverbeenandcannotbeachievedfrom"disorderunderheaven"to"disorderunderheaven."Historyhasalreadydeterminedthatthe"CulturalRevolution"wasacivilturmoilthatwaswronglyinitiatedbytheleadersandusedbycounter-revolutionarygroupstobringseriousdisasterstothepartystateandpeopleofallethnicgroups.InOctober1976,theconspiracyofLinBiaoandJiangQingcounter-revolutionarygroupwassmashed,thepartywassavedfromthecrisis,therevolutionwassaved,andourcountryenteredanewperiodofhistoricaldevelopment.

Agreatturningpoint

OnDecember18-22,1978,DengXiaopingconvenedtheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina.Itisagreatturningpointwithfar-reachingsignificanceinthehistoryofourparty:

1.TheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeisameetingtobuildonthepast.Specifically,itre-establishedtheMarxistideologicallineofseekingtruthfromfacts,playeddowntheslogan"classstruggleasthekeylink,"whichisnotapplicabletothecurrentsocialistsociety,anddecidedtoshiftthefocusoftheworkofthewholepartytosocialistmodernization.

2.TheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeisameetingtocreatethefuture.TheplenarysessionclearlypointedoutthatthehistoricaltaskofthepartyinthenewperiodistobuildChinaintoamodernsocialistcountry,whichopenedthepreludetosocialistreformandopeningup.

3.StartingfromtheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommittee,theChinesepeoplehaveenteredanewperiodofreform,openingup,andsocialistmodernization.SincetheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommittee,thePartyCentralCommitteewithDengXiaopingatthecorehasgraduallyopeneduparoadtobuildingsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics.For40years,theChinesepeoplehaveachievedworld-renownedconstructionachievementsalongthisroad.ThemeetingopenedthepreludetoChina'ssocialistreformandopeningup.InDecember1978,Chinabegantoembarkonthepathofreformandopeningup.

DengXiaopingsaid:"Anynation,acountry,mustlearnfromothernations,thestrengthsofothercountries,andtheiradvancedscienceandtechnology."SohefirstproposedtoimplementreformandopeningupinChina.HehasmadeanindeliblecontributiontoChina'sreformandopeningup,andisknownasthechiefdesignerofChina'ssocialistreform,openingupandmodernization!

Economicbackground

Economically,asof1978,althoughChina’sgrossnationalproductreached362.4billionyuan,itmorethandoubledfrom171.6billionyuanin1965.Theaverageincreaseratereached6.8%,andanindependent,completeindustrialsystemhasbeenestablished.However,thepeoplearestillpoor,thetechnologyisrelativelybackward,andaftertheCulturalRevolution,theCCPhasexperiencedacertaindegreeofcrisisofgovernanceandtrust.

Inordertoaccelerateeconomicdevelopmentassoonaspossible,thesecondgenerationofleadershipledbyDengXiaopingbegantosolvetheseproblemsonebyone,andtriedtochangethepeople’sdeep-rootedimageoftheCommunistPartyandsocialism.ThepurposeofthisreformmovementisOnthepremiseofmaintainingthesocialistsystem,changethemanagementsystemandpoliciesthatarenotsuitableforproductiondevelopmentinproduction,andestablishamarketeconomicsystemundersocialism.Theeconomicaspectofthisreformmadethefirstbreakthroughinruralareas,andthereformswerequicklyimplementedinvariouseconomicfieldsacrossthecountry.

DengXiaopingcametopowerforthethirdtime,tryingtocarryoutacomprehensivereformofthedomesticeconomicsystematthattime,andtryingtotransferChina’seconomicsystemfromaplannedeconomicsystemtoamarketeconomy.DengXiaoping’seffortsandreformattemptsIthasbeenenthusiasticallysupportedbythepeople.

Theplannedeconomy

Theplannedeconomywasonceconsideredtobeoneoftheeconomicsymbolsofsocialismandcommunism.Sincethe1950s,China’splannedeconomywasonceanearlystageinChina.TheeconomicrecoveryandinitialdevelopmentofChinahavemadeahugecontribution,butastimeprogresses,itsdrawbackshavebecomeincreasinglyobvious:

Guangzhou(2photos)

1.Thecontrolofthedomesticeconomyhasreachedanastonishingdegree.Thegovernmentandenterpriseshavenoseparationofresponsibilities,ignoringthelawofvalueandtheroleofmarketregulation;everythingisplannedastheoutline,unabletomeettheneedsofconsumergroups,restrictingthedevelopmentofthecommodityeconomy,andbecomingthelargestinChina’seconomicdevelopment.bottleneck.

2.Thequantityofgoodsproducedisintheplan,andthepurchaseofgoodsalsorequirescorrespondingcommoditytickets(forexample,thepurchaseofgrainrequirescorrespondingfoodtickets),whichmakesitdifficultforconsumerstobuythegoodstheyneedeveniftheyhavemoney.

3.Bothindustrialandagriculturalproductionandcommoditymanagementarecompulsorypublicownershipofthemeansofproduction.Individualsarenotallowedtoholdprivateproperty,andalllaborachievementswillbedividedequally.Thisresultsinproducersnotinterestedinexpandingproductionandlargelylosingtheirenthusiasmforlabor.Onlyrelyingon"bigpotofrice"tolivealifehaslostthemotivationtodeveloptheeconomy.

Theonlywaytogo

I.Thestatusquoofthecountryneedstobechangedatthattime

The"CulturalRevolution"leftaseriousimpactonthecountry.Thesituation:slowdevelopmentofproductivity,unresolvedfoodandclothingforthepeople,backwardtechnologyandeducation,etc.Thissituationcannotbechangedwithoutchanging.Howtochange?Thereisonlyoneanswer:reform.

Second,Chinaneedsasecondrevolution

NewChinawasfoundedandthenewdemocraticrevolutionwascompleted.However,afterthefoundingofNewChina,thehighlycentralizedplannedeconomicsystemestablishedbytheSovietUnionhadseriouslyhinderedthedevelopmentofChina'sproductiveforces.Chinaneedsasecondrevolutiontoliberatetheproductiveforces.Thissituationcannotbechangedwithoutchanging.Howtochange?Thereisonlyoneanswer:reform.

3.Thesocialistsystemneedsself-improvementanddevelopment

Eachhistoricalstageofthesocialistsocietyneedstobekeptinatimelymannerinaccordancewiththerequirementsofeconomicdevelopment.Promotetheself-improvementanddevelopmentofthesocialistsystemandmakethesocialistsystemfullofvigorandvitality.Wheredoesthevitalityandvitalitycomefrom?Thereisonlyoneanswer:reform.

4.Newideasareneededtorealizesocialistmodernization

Thenewideasaretoestablishandcontinuouslyimprovethesocialistmarketeconomicsystem,andactivelyandsteadilyadvancethepoliticalsystemReform,developsocialistdemocracy,buildsocialistpoliticalcivilization,andpromoteculturalsystemreform.Whereisthenewidea?Thereisonlyoneanswer:reform.

Formationprocess

Reformbegan

DengXiaoping(3photos)

FengyangCounty,AnhuiProvincebefore1978XiaogangVillageisawell-known"three-reliantvillage"inthecountywhere"fooddependsonresale,moneydependsonrelief,andproductiondependsonloans".Almosteveryfamilygoesouttobegforfoodaftertheautumnharvesteveryyear.OnNovember24,1978,18farmersinXiaogangVillage,withthecouragetobethefirstintheworld,pressed18handprintsandsetupaproductionresponsibilitysystem,whichopenedthepreludetoChina'sruralreform.Perhapsitisacoincidenceofhistory-shortlyafterthesefarmerspressedtheirfingerprints,theThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinawasgrandlyopenedintheGreatHallofthePeopleinBeijing.Ataseverehistoricaljunctureconcerningthecountry’sdestinyandfuture,China’stoppoliticiansandfarmersatthebottom,representedbyDengXiaoping,jointlyopenedanewpageinhistory.XiaogangVillagethusbecamethebirthplaceofChina'sruralreforms.

EmancipatingtheMind

OnMay11,1978,thefrontpageof"GuangmingDaily"publishedaspecialcommentator'sarticle"PracticeistheOnlyStandardforTestingTruth",whichtriggeredanationwideeventabouttruth.Bigdiscussionofstandardsissues.UndertheleadershipandsupportoftheoldergenerationofproletarianrevolutionariessuchasDengXiaoping,andrelyingontheclosecooperationoftheoreticalcircles,thepress,andcomradesengagedinpracticalwork,thisdiscussionfinallybrokethroughtheshacklesofthe"twowhatevers"andbecamethethirdpartyofthe11thParty.TheCentralPlenarySessionre-establishedtheMarxistideologicallineandmadetheoreticalandpublicopinionpreparations,whichhadamajorandfar-reachinginfluenceinthehistoricalprocessofthepartyandthecountry.

TospeedupChina'seconomicdevelopment,wemustfurtheremancipateourminds,acceleratethepaceofreformandopeningup,andnotbeconstrainedbysomeabstractdisputesabout"society"and"capital".Inorderforsocialismtogaintheadvantagescomparedwithcapitalism,itmustboldlyabsorbandlearnfromalltheadvancedmanagementmethodsandmanagementmethodsthatreflectthegenerallawsofmodernsocializedproductionandcommodityeconomyfromallcountriesintheworld,includingdevelopedcapitalistcountries.Foreigncapital,resources,technology,talents,andtheprivateeconomyasausefulsupplementshouldandcanbeusedbysocialism.Thegovernmentisinthehandsofthepeopleandthereisastrongpubliceconomy.Thiswillnotharmsocialism,butwillonlybenefitthedevelopmentofsocialism.

DengXiaopingandthesuccessorsofhisideasandotherreformistshavewithstoodtheattacksfromdomesticconservativesandsuccessfullysetreformandopeningupasoneofthecornerstonesofthePeople’sRepublicofChina’spolicy,irreversiblyBringChinaintotheworldeconomyandcloselyintegratewiththeworldeconomy.From1978to2000,thePeople’sRepublicofChinawentfromacountrywith200millionpeoplelivingbelowthepovertylineandisolatedfromtherestoftheworldtoaprosperousandpowerfuleconomywithanactivemarket.1/5ofthepoorpopulation.Chinaisalsoadvancingrapidlyontheroadtoindustrialization,becomingthenewworldfactory.Chinahassuccessfullyrealizedthetransformationfromaplannedeconomytoamarketeconomy.Theoutputvalueoftheprivateeconomyhassurpassedthestate-ownedeconomyintotal,andhasbecomeanimportantdrivingforceforChina'seconomicgrowth.TheintroductionofforeigninvestmenthasalsobecomeanimportantwayforChina'seconomicgrowth.Chinahasattractedthelargestamountofforeigninvestmentintheworld(theintroductionoffundsfromHongKong,MacaoandTaiwanisalsocountedasforeigninvestment).

TheideologyofChinesesocietyhasalsobeguntochange.People’sviewshavegraduallydiversified,andthephenomenonof"Internetpublicopinion"hasemergedinlargenumbers.MostChinesepeoplepreferpeaceful,stableandrapideconomicdevelopment,ratherthanwillingToomanycommentsonideologyandpartypolitics.Regardingfreedomofspeech,exceptforincitingtooverthrowstatepower,underminingsocialstability,leakingstatesecrets,instigatingethniccontradictions,spreadingsecession,propagatingcults,andfeudalsuperstitions,otherspeechesarestillprohibited.Twogenerationsofleaders,JiangZeminandHuJintao,inheritedDengXiaoping'slineofreformandopeningup.JiangZemin's"ThreeRepresents"andHuJintao's"HarmoniousSociety"and"ScientificOutlookonDevelopment"furtherinterpret"SocialismwithChineseCharacteristics."

PolicyFormation

In1978,theThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeofthePartymadeamajordecisiontoimplementreformandopeningup.

In1979,thePartyCentralCommitteeandtheStateCouncilapprovedGuangdongandFujiantoimplement"specialpoliciesandflexiblemeasures"inforeigneconomicactivities,anddecidedtopilotspecialeconomiczonesinShenzhen,Zhuhai,Xiamen,andShantou.GuangdongProvincebecameoneofthefirstprovincesinthecountrytoopentotheoutsideworld.OnApril13,1988,theSeventhNationalPeople'sCongresspassedaresolutionontheestablishmentoftheHainanSpecialEconomicZone,establishingtheHainanSpecialEconomicZone.ThesuccessfulestablishmentofspecialeconomiczonessuchasShenzhenhasaccumulatedexperienceforfurtheropeningupandhasstronglypromotedtheprocessofChina'sreform,openingupandmodernization.

AftertheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteein1978,thenationaleconomyenteredaperiodofadjustment.InSeptember1979,theFourthPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteepassedthe"DecisiononSeveralIssuesConcerningAcceleratingAgriculturalDevelopment",allowingfarmerstoensuretheiroperationalautonomyandgivefullplaytotheirproductionenthusiasmundertheguidanceofthenationalunifiedplan,adaptingmeasurestotimeandlocalconditions.

OnAugust18,1980,DengXiaopingdeliveredaspeechentitled"ReformofthePartyandStateLeadershipSystem"attheenlargedmeetingofthePoliticalBureauoftheCentralCommittee,whichpointedoutthedirectionforthereformofChina'spoliticalsysteminthenewera.

InSeptember1980,theCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaissued"SeveralIssuesRegardingFurtherStrengtheningandImprovingtheAgriculturalProductionResponsibilitySystem",whichaffirmedthesocialistnatureofcontractingproductiontohouseholds.

Bythebeginningof1983,theruralhouseholdcontractresponsibilitysystemwithjointoutputwaspromotednationwide.

InApril1984,theCPCCentralCommitteeandtheStateCouncildecidedtofurtheropenupthe14citiesofDalian,Qinhuangdao,Tianjin,Yantai,Qingdao,Lianyungang,Nantong,Shanghai,Ningbo,Wenzhou,Fuzhou,Guangzhou,Zhanjiang,andBeihai.Portcity.Graduallyestablisheconomicandtechnologicaldevelopmentzones.

InOctober1984,theThirdPlenarySessionoftheTwelfthCentralCommitteeofthePartysystematicallyproposedandclarifiedaseriesofmajortheoreticalandpracticalissuesinthereformoftheeconomicsystem,confirmingthatChina’ssocialisteconomyisbasedonpublicownership.Theplannedcommodityeconomyisaprogrammaticdocumentforcomprehensiveeconomicsystemreform.Thereformofthepoliticalsystemandthereformoftheeconomicsystemarebasicallycarriedoutsimultaneously.

Inthemid-1980s,reformsinvariousfieldsincludingscienceandtechnology,education,andcultureinChinaalsostarted.

Since1985,economicopenzoneshavebeenopenedupintheYangtzeRiverDelta,thePearlRiverDelta,SoutheasternFujianandtheBohaiRim.

TheHainanSpecialEconomicZonewasaddedin1988,makingHainanthelargestspecialeconomiczoneinChina.

In1990,thePartyCentralCommitteeandtheStateCouncilmadethedecisiontodevelopandopenupthePudongNewAreainShanghaifromthelong-termstrategyofChina'seconomicdevelopment.AnewsituationhasemergedinChina'sopeningtotheoutsideworld.

Openinguppattern

I.OpeninguppatternofChina

China’sopeninguphasdevelopedfromthecoasttotheinland,formingaspecialeconomiczone-Coastalopencities-coastaleconomicopenareas-inland,suchaall-round,multi-level,wide-areaopeningpattern.

Second,China’s6SpecialEconomicZones

Shenzhen(327.5squarekilometers)

ZhuhaiCity(121squarekilometers)

XiamenCity(131squarekilometers)

ShantouCity(2064squarekilometers)

HainanIsland(33920squarekilometers)

Kashgar

Shenzhenhasbuiltamodernandprosperouscityinjustafewyearsafteritwasopenedasaspecialeconomiczone.IthasbecomearepresentativeofChina'sspecialeconomiczoneandisknownasthe"window"ofChina'sopeningtotheoutsideworld.

TheHainanSpecialEconomicZoneistheonlyprovincial-levelspecialeconomiczoneinthecountryandthelargestspecialeconomiczoneinChina.OnApril13,1988,thefirstsessionoftheSeventhNationalPeople’sCongresspassedaresolutionontheestablishmentoftheHainanSpecialEconomicZone,delineatingHainanIslandastheHainanSpecialEconomicZone,implementingamoreopenandflexiblesystemandpoliciesthanotherspecialeconomiczonesinChina,andauthorizingtheHainangovernmenttochangeGreatautonomy.

3.China'sopenports

Portsareports,airports,stations,passages,etc.forpeople,goodsandvehiclestoenterandexitthecountry.Portsaredividedintofirst-classportsandsecond-classports.

1.ClassIports:

ClassIportsrefertoportsapprovedtoopenbytheStateCouncil(includingcentrallymanagedportsandsomeportsmanagedbyprovinces,autonomousregions,andmunicipalitiesdirectlyundertheCentralGovernment);ClassIIPortsrefertoportsapprovedtobeopenedandmanagedbytheprovincialpeople'sgovernment;

2.ClassIIports:

1.Relyingonotherportstosendpeopletotheloadingandunloadingpoints,startingpoints,anddeliverypointsofforeigntradetransportationofnationalvesselsforentryandexitinspectionprocedures;

2.Portsforbordersmall-scaletradeandpersonnelexchangeswithlocalgovernmentsofneighboringcountries;

3.Entryandexitportsrestrictedtoborderresidents.

TherearethreemaintypesofportsthatChinaopenstotheoutsideworld,namely,water(sea)ports,land(rail,public)ports,andaviation(airport)ports.

Airport:

Lhasa,Tianjin,Dalian,Shenyang,Changchun,Mudanjiang,Hangzhou,Fuzhou,Qingdao

Wuhan,Shenzhen,Meizhou,Sanya,Hailar,Nanchang,Guiyang,Shantou,HarbinWuyiMountain,Luoyang,Hohhot,Hefei,Changsha,Zhangjiajie,Guangzhou,Zhanjiang

Haikou,Nanning,Chengdu,Kunming,Shijiazhuang,Xi’an,Lanzhou,Wenzhou,Guilin,Beihai,Chongqing,Xishuangbanna,Urumqi,Qiqihar,Jiamusi,Jinan,Yantai

KashgarYanji,Shanghai,Ningbo,Huangshan,Xiamen,Weihai,Yichang,Yinchuan,Beijing,Nanjing

Railwayport:

Tumen,Dongguan,Guangzhou,Hekou,Dandong,Suifenhe,Pingxiang,Alashankou,Manzhouli,Shenzhen,Foshan,Zhaoqing,Hunchun,Ji’an,Erenhot,Harbin,Zhengzhou

HighwayPort:

QuanheHuanggangDongningWenjinduHengqinYouyiguanShuikouRuiliwandingGanqimaoRoadLinjiangNanpingMishanJilongTurgateShatoujiaoGongbeiRiverSourceDongxingJinshuiRiverCamphorTreePulanHongqiLapuHorgosMazongMountainSanheHunchunMohanTianbaotaKeshikenArihasatKaishantunMengdingTengchongYierkeshitanmuzhaltDuratabaktujimuNaiaheitubek,Hongshanzui,WulastaiLaoyeTemple,CekezhuengadabuqisuifenheLongbangAlashankou

TenCombinations

Sincethereformandopeningup,ourpartyandthecountryWhileachievingworld-renownedachievementsinsocialistmodernization,ithascreatedandaccumulatedawealthofpracticalexperience.Basedonthesummaryoftheexperienceofreformandopeningupatthe13thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyHowcanalargedevelopingcountrywithmorethanonebillionpeoplegetridofpoverty,acceleratetherealizationofmodernization,consolidateanddevelopsocialism,sumupthevaluableexperienceofthe"tencombinations"inanall-roundandvigorousmanner.

ThefirstcombinationisthatChina’sreformandopeningupcansucceed,thekeyisnottolosethe"oldancestors",butalsotodevelopthe"oldancestors";notonlycontinuetocreatenewprospectsforcareerdevelopment,butalsocontinuetoopenupThenewrealmofMarxisttheory.Thiscombinationhaspromotedtheliberationofpeople'sideasandsocialproductiveforces.

ThesecondcombinationisthatChinesesocialismcanshowvigorandvitalityinthenewerabecauseitisasocialismthatimplementsreformandopeningup;thereasonwhyChina’sreformandopeningupcandevelophealthilyliesinItisconducivetotheconsolidationanddevelopmentofsocialistreformandopeningup.Thiscombinationhascreatedatrulyactivesocialismandcreatedasocialismthatwillfurtherbenefitthepeople.

Thethirdcombinationisthatinthereformandopeningup,wenotonlyrelyonthestrongleadershipofthepartyandthegovernment,butalsorespectthegrassrootspeople,especiallythelocalreforminitiative.SuchacombinationenablesChinatoeffectivelymaintaintheharmonyandunityofthecountryandtheintegrationofsocietyunderthecircumstanceofdiversifiedinterestscausedbyreformandopeningup.

Thefourthcombinationisthatthenewsystemofsocialistmarketeconomy,asanunprecedentedinitiative,iscloselyconnectedwiththebasicsystemofsocialism.Thiscombinationmakesthesocialistmarketeconomyasystemmodelthatnotonlyconformstothegeneralrequirementsofthemarketeconomy,butalsoconformstothenatureanddirectionofsocialism.

Thefifthcombinationisthatweattachimportancetobotheconomicsystemreformandthesuperstructurereformincludingpoliticalsystemreform;andinadvancingthepoliticalsystemreform,theexpansionofdemocracyiscombinedwiththeimprovementofthelegalsystem.Combined.Thiscombinationhascreatedapoliticalsystemmodelthathasboththeadvantagesofdemocracyandcentralism.

Thesixthcombinationisthat,intheprocessofreform,openingupandmodernization,Chinanotonlyattachesimportancetothedevelopmentof"materials",thatis,thedevelopmentofsocialproductivity,butalsoattachesimportancetothedevelopmentof"people",thatis,theimprovementofthecivilizedqualityofthewholepeople..Suchacombinationunitestheoveralldevelopmentofhumanbeingswiththeoverallprogressofsocietyinthepracticeofmodernization.

Theseventhcombinationsaysthat,intheleadershipofreform,openingupandmodernization,thepartytimelycombinesthepromotionofdevelopmentandefficiencywiththeemphasisonsocialfairnessandthepromotionofsocialharmony.SuchacombinationnotonlykeepsChinesesocietyfullofcreativevitality,butalsohelpstoavoidpolarizationandachievecommonprosperity.

TheeighthcombinationsaysthatChina,alargedevelopingcountrywithapopulationofmorethanonebillion,cannotdevelopwithoutparticipatingineconomicglobalization,letaloneindependence.Thiscombinationenablesustomakegooduseofbothdomesticandinternationalmarketsandresourcesatthesametime,andachievemutualbenefit,inclusiveness,andwin-winresultsinequalcompetitionthatseeksadvantagesandavoidsdisadvantages.

Theninthcombinationisthat,inthecourseofreformandopeningup,Chinapaysattentiontothecoordinationoftherelationshipbetweenreformintensity,developmentspeedandsocialaffordability,andtheimprovementofpeople’slivesisanimportantintegrationpointfordealingwiththerelationshipbetweenthesethree..Suchacombinationnotonlyavoidsthesevereeconomicrecessionandviolentsocialshocksthathaveoccurredinmanytransitionalcountries,butalsoenablestheresultsofreformanddevelopmenttotrulybenefitallpeople.

Thetenthcombinationsaysthatourpartycombinesthetransformationoftheobjectiveworldwiththetransformationofthesubjectiveworldtoprovideastrongpoliticalandorganizationalguaranteeforreform,openingup,andmodernization.ThiscombinationnotonlypromotesthegreatcauseofsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics,butalsoadvancesthegreatnewprojectofpartybuilding,therebycontinuouslyimprovingtheparty'sleadership,governance,andabilitytoresistcorruptionandpreventdegeneration.

Statistics

ThelistofGDPinMainlandChinafrom1980to2010(convertedtoUSdollarsatinternationalexchangerates),takenfromtheWorldBankdatabase

(Note:BecauseChinaMainlandChinaimplementedexchangeratecontrols.TheRMBdepreciatedsharplyinthemid-1980s,soin1976,whenGDPwasconvertedintoUSdollars,thevaluedeclined)

Year

p>

GDP

Growthrate

Proportionofurbanpopulationtototalpopulation

tr>tr>tr>

1973

7.8%

1974

2.3%

1975

8.7%

1976

-1.6%

1977

7.6%

1978

365billion

11.7%

17%

1979

4068billion

7.6%

18%

1980

184,516,266,711

7.8%

20%

1981

194,111,112,580

5.2%

21%

1982

203,183,214,982

8.9%

22%

1983

228,455,947,880

10.8%

22%

1984

257,432,147,241

15.1%

23%

1985

306,666,660,698

13.4%

24%

1986

297,831,879,942

8.9%

25%

1987

270,372,194,997

11.7%

26%

1988

309,522,625,242

11.2%

27%

1989

343,973,680,226

4.2%

27%

1990

356,936,901,184

3.9%

28%

1991

379,468,656,246

9.3%

29%

1992

422,660,918,111

14.2%

30%

1993

440,500,898,965

13.9%

30%

1994

559,224,707,281

13.1%

31%

1995

728,007,199,936

10.9%

32%

1996

856,084,729,312

9.9%

33%

1997

952,652,693,079

9.2%

34%

1998

1,019,458,585,326

7.8%

35%

1999

1,083,277,930,360

7.7%

36%

2000

1,198,474,934,199

8.5%

37%

2001

1,324,806,914,358

8.3%

38%

2002

1,453,827,554,714

9.1%

39%

2003

1,640,958,732,775

10.0%

39%

2004

1,931,644,331,142

10.1%

40%

2005

2,256,902,590,825

11.4%

41%

2006

2,712,950,886,698

12.7%

42%

2007

3,494,055,944,791

14.2%

43%

2008

4,521,827,288,304

9.7%

44%

2009

4,991,256,406,735

9.4%

45%

2010

5,926,612,009,750

10.6%

50%

2011

484124billion

9.5%

51%

2012

534123billion

7.9%

52%

2013

588019billion

7.8%

53%

2014

635910billion

7.3%

54%

2015

676708billion

6.9%

56%

2016

74trillion

6.7%

57%

2017

82trillion

6.9%

57%

Existingproblems

Inthepast40years,China’sreformandopeninguphasmadegreatachievements.Atthesametime,therearealsothelackoftop-leveldesign,thelackoftop-leveldesign,andtheinconsistencyandinconsistency.Focusingonimprovingtheinternationaldevelopmentenvironmentandotherissues,thereisanurgentneedtostrengthenthesystemintegrationofreformandopeningmeasuresinallaspects.Promotingreformbyopeningupisthebasicexperienceofmycountry'sreformandopeningup.Thesecretofitssuccessliesintheintroductionofexternalsupervisionforcorporategovernanceandgovernmentgovernancebyactivelyintegratingintotheworldmarkettoimprovegovernanceefficiency.However,overthepast40years,neitherthemacro-mediumnorthemicro-levelexternalsupervisioncreatedbyreformsistrulyexternal.Themainbodyofsupervisionistoacertainextentonlytheembodimentofthegovernor,notthemainbodyfromoutsidethegovernancesystem.Theproblemofinefficiencystillcannotbemet.Toachieveafundamentalsolution,itisurgenttodeepenreformsinanall-roundway.The"OneBelt,OneRoad"strategyisnotonlythegeneralprogramofmycountry'sopeninguptotheoutsideworld,butalsothegeneralkeytocomprehensivelydeepeningreforms.Byintegratingintointernationalgovernanceanddevelopingstate-ownedenterprises’transnationalpropertyrightscooperation,theimplementationofthe“OneBeltOneRoad”strategywilleffectivelyavoidthelimitationsof“Westernexperience”,preventgovernanceitselffrombeingdispelledbythe“short-sighted”market,andadheretothe“fourbasicprinciples”.mycountry’seconomicgovernance,nationalgovernance,andsocialgovernancehavefurtherintroducedsupervisorybodiesfromoutsidethegovernancesystemtocreatestrongandmoreeffectiveexternalsupervisionandfundamentallysolvetheproblemofgovernanceefficiency.Atpresent,inthecontextoftheneweconomicnormalandthe"idle"ofreforms,itisurgenttostrengthentheconstructionofanewopeneconomicsystemledbythe"BeltandRoad"strategy,andcomprehensivelypromotethereformanddevelopmentofvariousfieldsinChina,especiallythesupply-sidereform.

State-ownedenterprisereform

Inthestate-ownedenterprisereform,alargenumberofenterprisebankruptciesandmanagerialpersonnelembezzlementofstate-ownedassetshaveoccurred.Somestate-ownedenterpriseshavebeenacquiredbymanagers,resultinginalargenumberofworkersbeinglaidoff.

Educationreform

Aftertheuniversity’sexpansionin1998,becauseChinaisinthesecondaryindustryandlabor-intensiveindustries,themarketdemandedalargenumberofworkersinsteadofcollegestudentsandskilledworkers.Alargenumberofuniversitygraduatesareunemployed.Inaddition,afterthereformandopeningup,duetotheweakeconomicstrengthofthecentralandwesternregions,alargenumberofexcellentteachersflowedtotheeasterncoastalareas.

HousingReform

Theabolitionofwelfarehousingallocationinthemid-1990s,China'scommercialhousingmarketbegantodeveloprapidly.Withthetaxreformin1993,thecentralgovernmentcollected70%oflocaltaxes,butexpendituresforcompulsoryeducation,infrastructure,andmedicalcarewerestilllocal,andthelocalgovernmentscouldonlyrelyonalargenumberofauctionsoflandtomakeupfortheirfinancialshortfalls.Duetotheinfluxoflandfinanceandbankfunds,housingpriceshaveskyrocketed.

Thegapbetweentherichandthepoor

AccordingtotheBritishReutersreport,theNationalBureauofStatisticsofChinaannouncedthatChina’sGinicoefficientreached0.474in2012and0.491in2008.Sincethereformandopeningup,China’sGDPhasexperiencedexplosivegrowth,buttheproportionofwagesinGDPhasbeendeclining,from56.18%in1985to43.12%in2007,adeclinefor22consecutiveyears.Thegapbetweentherichandthepoorledtomanymassincidents,suchastheWeng'anincidentinGuizhouandtheZhiliincidentinHuzhou.

>

Memorabilia

From1978to2018,atotalof40years.

Memorabilia(7photos)

1.TheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteewasheldin1978

December18,1978Onthe22nd,theThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeofthePartywasheldinBeijing.Themeetingmadethedecisiontoshiftthefocusofworktosocialistmodernizationandimplementreformandopeningup;re-establishtheMarxistideological,political,andorganizationalline,andourcountryhasenteredaneweraofsocialistmodernization.

2.Theestablishmentofspecialeconomiczonesin1979

OnJuly15,1979,theCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaandtheStateCouncilapprovedtheThereportontheimplementationofspecialpoliciesandflexiblemeasuresforeconomicactivitiesdecidedtosetuppilotspecialzonesinShenzhen,Zhuhai,ShantouandXiamen.OnAugust13,theStateCouncilissuedthe"RegulationsonSeveralIssuesConcerningVigorouslyDevelopingForeignTradeandIncreasingForeignExchangeIncome".Themaincontentistoexpandtheforeigntradeauthorityoflocalitiesandenterprises,encourageincreasedexports,andsetupexportspecialzones.OnMay16,1980,theCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaandtheStateCouncilapprovedthe"MinutesoftheMeetingofGuangdongandFujianProvinces"andnamedthem"SpecialEconomicZones."

3.Theestablishmentofthehouseholdcontractresponsibilitysystemin1982

OnJanuary1,1982,theCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaapprovedandapprovedthe"MinutesoftheNationalRuralWorkConference",Pointedoutthatthevariousresponsibilitysystemsimplementedinruralareas,includingfixed-rateremunerationforsmall-scalecontracting,professionalcontractingandco-productionremuneration,co-productiontolabor,contractingtohouseholds,andgroups,etc.,aretheproductionresponsibilitysystemofthesocialistcollectiveeconomy;1983ThecentralgovernmentissuedadocumentstatingthatthejointproductioncontractsystemisagreatcreationofChinesefarmersundertheleadershipoftheparty,andanewdevelopmentoftheMarxistagriculturalco-operativetheoryinChina'spractice.

4.Proposedplannedcommodityeconomyin1984

OnOctober20,1984,theThirdPlenarySessionofthe12thCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinawasheldinBeijing.Themeetingunanimouslyadoptedthe"DecisionoftheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaonEconomicSystemReform",whichclearlystatedthatthefurtherimplementationofthepolicyofinvigoratingtheeconomyinternallyandopeninguptotheoutsideworld,andacceleratingthepaceoftheentireeconomicsystemreformfocusingoncitiesisthedevelopmentofthecurrentsituationinChina.urgentneed.ThebasictaskofreformistoestablishasocialisteconomicsystemwithChinesecharacteristics,fullofvigorandvitality,andtopromotethedevelopmentofsocialproductiveforces.

5.1986EnterprisesownedbythewholepeopleReformstarted

December5,1986,TheStateCouncilissuedthe"RegulationsonDeepeningEnterpriseReformandEnhancingEnterpriseVitality."The"Regulations"proposethatsmallenterprisesownedbythewholepeoplecanactivelytryoutleasingandcontractingoperations.Largeandmedium-sizedenterprisesownedbythewholepeoplemustimplementvariousformsofoperatingresponsibilitysystems.Localitiescanchooseafewqualifiedlargeandmedium-sizedenterprisesownedbythewholepeopletoconductjoint-stockpilotprojects.

6.In1987,thebasicrouteof"onecenter,twobasicpoints"wasproposed

October25th-November1st,1987,ChinaThe13thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartywasheld.ZhaoZiyangmadeareporton"AlongtheRoadofSocialismwithChineseCharacteristics".Thereportelaboratedonthetheoryoftheprimarystageofsocialismandproposedtheparty’sbasiclineof"onecenterandtwobasicpoints"intheprimarystageofsocialism:economicconstructionasthecenter,fourbasicprinciplesasthefoundationofthecountry,andreformandopeningupasthefoundation.Theroadtoastrongcountry.Ithasformulatedathree-stepdevelopmentstrategytoachievemodernizationbythemiddleofthenextcentury,andputforwardthetaskofreformingthepoliticalsystem.

7.In1988,"Scienceandtechnologyaretheprimaryproductiveforces"wasproposed

DengXiaopingmetwithCzechoslovakPresidentHusakonSeptember5,1988,Putforwardthefamousthesisthat"scienceandtechnologyaretheprimaryproductiveforces".OnMarch13,1985,theCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinamadethe"DecisionontheReformoftheScienceandTechnologySystem."The"Decision"pointedoutthatmodernscienceandtechnologyarethemostactiveanddecisivefactorinthenewsocialproductiveforces,andthewholepartymustattachgreatimportancetoandgivefullplaytothetremendousroleofscienceandtechnology.Atthesametime,themaintasksofthecurrentscientificandtechnologicalsystemreformarestipulated.

8.Theestablishmentofthesocialistmarketeconomicsystemreformgoalin1992

October12-18,1992,the14thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChinaThecongresswasheldinBeijing.JiangZeminmadeareporton"Acceleratingthepaceofreform,openingup,andmodernization,andwinninggreatervictoriesinthecauseofsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics."Thereportsummarized14yearsofpracticalexperiencesincetheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommittee,anddecidedtoseizetheopportunitytoacceleratedevelopment;determinedthatthegoalofChina’seconomicsystemreformwastoestablishasocialistmarketeconomicsystem;andproposedusingComradeDengXiaopingtobuildsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics.Armthewholeparty.TheCongresspassedthe"ConstitutionoftheCommunistPartyofChina(Amendment)",whichincludedthetheoryofbuildingsocialismwithChinesecharacteristicsandtheparty'sbasiclineintothepartyconstitution.Forthefirsttimeintheparty'shistory,thegoalmodelforestablishingasocialistmarketeconomicsystemwasclearlyputforward.

9.Establishedin1993ModernEnterpriseSystem

FromNovember11toNovember14,1993,theThirdPlenarySessionofthe14thCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinawasheld.Theplenumpassedthe"DecisionoftheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaonSeveralIssuesConcerningtheEstablishmentofaSocialistMarketEconomicSystem."Theplenumpointedoutthatthesocialistmarketeconomicsystemisintegratedwiththebasicsocialistsystem.

10.Reformofthefiscalandtaxationsystemin1993

OnDecember15,1993,theStateCouncilmadeadecisionontheimplementationofatax-sharingfiscalmanagementsystem.OnDecember25,1993,theStateCouncilmadethe"DecisiononFinancialSystemReform."

11.1994ComprehensiveReformoftheForeignTradeSystem

OnJanuary11,1994,theStateCouncilmadethe"DecisiononFurtherDeepeningtheReformoftheForeignTradeSystem",PutsforwardthatthegoalsofChina’sforeigntradesystemreformare:unifiedpolicies,openoperations,equalcompetition,self-financing,integrationofindustryandtrade,theimplementationofanagencysystem,andtheestablishmentofanoperatingmechanismthatadaptstotheprevailingrulesoftheinternationaleconomy.

12.Themedicalandhousingmarket-orientedreformswereimplementedin1992and1994

In1985,underthebackgroundofChina’sreformandopeningup,themedicalandhealthsystemAlsostartedtheprocessofreform.Thecoreideaof​​themedicalreformistodecentralizepowerandtransferprofitsandexpandtheautonomyofhospitals.Thegovernment'sattitudetowardsthehealthcarereformis:givenomoneytothepolicy.Itspolicyisthatthepriceofmedicinescanbeincreasedby15%tomakeupforthelackofgovernmentinput.Inthe1990s,medicalreformmadewavesagain.InSeptember1992,theMinistryofHealth,basedontheopinionoftheStateCouncil,proposedthathospitalsshould"helpdoctorswithwork"and"subsidizethechiefwithdeputy."In2000,thereformgraduallydevelopedindepth,touchingondeep-seatedissuessuchassystem,mechanism,andstructure.InMarch2000,theGeneralOfficeoftheStateCouncilforwardedthe"GuidingOpinionsontheReformoftheUrbanMedicalandHealthSystem"oftheeightministriesandcommissions,commonlyknownasthe"14Articles"ofthemedicalreform;inMay2001,theGeneralOfficeoftheStateCouncilforwardedthe"RegulationsontheRuralMedicalandHealthSystemGuidingOpinionsonReform.

13.Housingmarketizationreform

OnJuly18,1994,theStateCouncilmadethe"DecisiononDeepeningtheReformoftheUrbanHousingSystem",clarifyingthebasiccontentofthereformoftheurbanhousingsystem,includingtheThemethodofdistributionwaschangedtoamonetarywagedistributionbasedondistributionaccordingtowork,theestablishmentofahousingprovidentfundsystem,andsoon.Thepromulgationofthe"Decision"openedthedoortothecommercializationofurbanhousing,markingtheestablishmentofChina'scomprehensivehousingmarketizationreform.Itsgreatestsignificanceistosteadilypromotethesaleofpublichousing.Throughthesaleoforiginalpublichousingtourbanemployees,ithasgraduallycompletedTheprocessofprivatizationofhousinginChina.OnJuly3,1998,theStateCouncilissuedthe"NoticeoftheStateCouncilonFurtherDeepeningtheReformoftheUrbanHousingSystemandSpeedingupHousingConstruction."Itispreciselybecausethisdocumentabolishedthesystemofphysicaldistributionofhousingandclearedout"competitors"forthedevelopmentofcommercialhousing,therebyestablishingthemarket'sdominantpositionofcommercialhousing.

14.In1995,thegoalof"twofundamentalchanges"wasproposed

September25-28,1995,theFifthMiddleSchoolofthe14thCCPTheplenarymeetingwasheld.Theplenumpassedthe"RecommendationsoftheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaonFormulatingtheNinthFive-YearPlanforNationalEconomicandSocialDevelopmentandLong-TermGoalsfor2010."The"Proposal"putsforwardthatthekeytoachievingtheNinthFive-YearPlanandthe2010long-termgoalsistoimplementtwofundamentalchangesofoverallsignificance.Oneisthetransformationoftheeconomicsystemfromatraditionalplannedeconomicsystemtoasocialistmarketeconomicsystem;Themodeofeconomicgrowthhaschangedfromextensivetointensive.

15.Significantprogresswasmadeinthereformoftheforeignexchangemanagementsystemin1996

OnDecember1,1996,ChinabegantoacceptArticle8oftheInternationalMonetaryFundAgreement,ImplementtheconvertibilityofRMBunderthecurrentaccount.

16.In1997,the15thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChinaproposedtheparty’sbasicprogramintheprimarystageofsocialism

9,1997From12thto18th,the15thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChinawasheldinBeijing.ItsystematicallyandcompletelyputforwardanddiscussedtheParty’sbasicprogramintheprimarystageofsocialism:buildingasocialisteconomywithChinesecharacteristicsistobuildasocialisteconomy.Undertheconditionsofsocialism,developamarketeconomyandcontinuouslyliberateanddevelopproductiveforces;tobuildasocialistpoliticswithChinesecharacteristicsistogovernthecountrybylawanddevelopsocialistdemocraticpoliticsundertheleadershipoftheCommunistPartyofChinaandonthebasisofthepeoplebeingthemastersofthecountry;buildingasocialistdemocraticpoliticswithChinesecharacteristicsThesocialistcultureisguidedbyMarxism,withthegoalofcultivatingideal,ethical,educated,anddisciplinedcitizens,anddevelopingasocialistcultureofthemassesthatismodernized,world-oriented,andfuture-oriented,nationalandscientific..ThismeetingincorporatedDengXiaopingTheoryastheparty'sguidingideologyintothepartyconstitution.

17.Itwasclearin1999thatthenon-publicsectoroftheeconomyisanimportantpartofthesocialistmarketeconomy

Thereportofthe"15thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChina"wasfirstproposedin1997"Thenon-publicownershipeconomyisanimportantpartofthesocialistmarketeconomy."

March5-15,1999,theSecondSessionoftheNinthNationalPeople'sCongresswasheldinBeijing.ThemeetingpassedanamendmenttotheConstitutionofthePeople'sRepublicofChina,clarifyingthatthenon-publicownershipeconomyisanimportantpartofChina'ssocialistmarketeconomyandhasgreatlypromotedthedevelopmentofsocialproductiveforces.

18.Proposedin1999StrategyfortheWesternDevelopment

OnMarch22,1999,"TheStateCouncil"SeveralOpinionsonLarge-scaleDevelopment"putforwardtenopinionstofurtherpromotethelarge-scaledevelopmentofthewesternregion.

19.In2001,ChinaofficiallybecameamemberoftheWTO

OnNovember11,2001,theWorldTradeOrganization(WTO)washeldinDoha,Qatar.TheFourthMinisterialConferencepassedthelegaldocumentofChina'saccessiontotheWTO,whichmarkedthatafter15yearsofhardwork,ChinafinallybecameanewmemberoftheWTO.ItmarksthatChina'sopeningtotheoutsideworldhasenteredanewstage.

20.In2002,the16thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChinaconfirmedcomprehensiveconstructionAwell-offsocietySociety'sstrugglegoal

The16thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChinaisbasedonthefoundationthatChinahassolvedtheproblemoffoodandclothingandthatthepeople’slivingstandardshavereachedawell-offlevel.Itfurtherputforwardtheconceptofbuildingawell-offsocietyinanall-roundway.Awell-offsocietywithahigherlevelofpopulationwillmaketheeconomymoredeveloped,democracymoresound,scienceandeducationmoreadvanced,culturemoreprosperous,societymoreharmonious,andpeople'slivesmoresubstantial.Atthismeeting,theimportantthinkingofthe"ThreeRepresents"waswrittenintothepartyconstitutionastheparty'sguidingideology.

21.In2003,revitalizetheNortheastandotheroldareasIndustrialBaseStrategyProposed

2003OnSeptember10,theexecutivemeetingoftheStateCouncilstudiedandimplementedthestrategyforrevitalizingthenortheastandotheroldindustrialbases,andputforwardtheguidingideology,principles,tasks,andpolicymeasuresforrevitalizingthenortheast.

22.In2004,the"NineArticlesoftheState"topromotethedevelopmentofthecapitalmarketwaspromulgated

OnJanuary31,2004,the"StateCouncil’sRegardingPromotingtheReformandOpeningofCapitalMarketSeveralOpinionsonEconomicandStableDevelopmentwereissued,clearlystatingthatvigorouslydevelopingthecapitalmarketisofgreatsignificancetoChina’sstrategicgoalofquadruplingthenationaleconomyinthefirst20yearsofthe21stcentury.

23.In2004,state-ownedcommercialbankscarriedoutjoint-stockreforms

BankofChinaCo.,Ltd.andChinaConstructionBankCo.,Ltd.wereheldonAugust26,2004respectively.DayandSeptember21wereestablished.Thetwowhollystate-ownedcommercialbankswererestructuredintostate-controlledjoint-stockcommercialbanksasawhole.

24.TheprotectionofprivatepropertywasincorporatedintotheConstitutionin2004

OnMarch14,2004,thefourthsessionoftheSecondSessionoftheTenthNationalPeople’sCongresswasdeliberatedandapprovedTheconstitutionalamendment,"citizens'lawfulprivatepropertyshallnotbeviolated","thestaterespectsandprotectshumanrights"andothercontentsarewrittenintotheconstitution.Itmeetstheobjectiveneedsofprotectingprivateproperty,expandsthescopeofprotectionofprivateproperty,andfurtherimprovestheprivatepropertyprotectionsystem.Strengtheningtheprotectionofcitizens’legalprivatepropertyisconducivetoupholdingandimprovingthebasiceconomicsystem,andpromotingthedevelopmentofnon-publicownershipoftheeconomy;conducivetoguaranteeingtherealizationofcitizens’rightsandadvancingtheruleoflaw;conducivetomobilizingtheenthusiasmandcreativityofthebroadmassesofpeopleinacomprehensivemannerBuildawell-offsociety.

25.The2005AgriculturalTaxRegulationsRepealed

OnDecember29,2005,theNineteenthMeetingoftheStandingCommitteeoftheTenthNationalPeople’sCongresspassedthe"RegardingtheRepeal"DecisionofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaonAgriculturalTaxRegulations",thenewChina'sagriculturaltaxregulationsthathavebeenimplementedfornearly50yearshavebeenabolishedinaccordancewiththelaw,andataxthathaslastedformorethantwothousandyearsinChinahascometoanend.

26.In2005,theconstructionofanewsocialistcountrysidewasproposed.NewsocialistcountrysideTheimportanthistoricaltask

2005OnOctober11,2005,theFifthPlenarySessionofthe16thCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinapassedthe"ProposalsoftheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaonFormulatingtheEleventhFive-YearPlanforNationalEconomicandSocialDevelopment",whichclarifiedthegoalsandactionsforChina'seconomicandsocialdevelopmentinthenextfiveyears.Theprogramputsforwardthemajorhistoricaltaskofbuildinganewsocialistcountryside,andpointsoutthedirectionfordoingthe"threerural"workwellatpresentandforaperiodoftimeinthefuture.

27.In2005Share-tradingreformPilotstarted

ApprovedbytheStateCouncil,ChinaOnApril29,2005,theChinaSecuritiesRegulatoryCommissionissuedthe"NoticeonIssuesConcerningthePilotReformoftheEquityDivisionReformofListedCompanies",announcingthelaunchofthepilotprogramforthenon-tradableequityreform.

28.Madein2006BuildingasocialistharmonioussocietyMajordecisions

October2006TheSixthPlenarySessionofthe16thCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaheldfrom8to11passedthe"DecisionsoftheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaonSeveralMajorIssuesinBuildingaHarmoniousSocialistSociety."Forthefirsttimeinthehistoryofourparty,"improvingtheabilitytobuildaharmonioussocialistsociety"isclearlyproposedasanimportantaspectoftheparty'sabilitytogovern.ThepropositionofthisimportantconclusionisanimportantenrichmentanddevelopmentofMarxisttheory,anditisanothertheoreticalsublimationofourpartyonwhatissocialismandhowtobuildsocialism.

29.In2007,the"PropertyLaw"waspromulgated

The"PropertyLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChina"waspublishedinItwasadoptedbytheFifthSessionoftheTenthNationalPeople'sCongressonMarch16,2007,andcameintoforceonOctober1,2007.

30.TheScientificOutlookonDevelopmentwaswrittenintothePartyConstitutionin2007

Thescientificoutlookondevelopment,itsconnotationisacomprehensive,coordinatedandsustainabledevelopmentoutlook,whichisrightTheinheritanceanddevelopmentoftheimportantthoughtsondevelopmentofthethreegenerationsofthecentralleadershipcollectiveofthepartyisaconcentratedexpressionoftheMarxistworldviewandmethodologyondevelopment,andisinthesamelineasMarxism-Leninism,MaoZedongThought,DengXiaopingTheoryandtheimportantthinkingofthe"ThreeRepresents"ScientifictheoriesthatkeeppacewiththetimesareanimportantguidingprincipleforChina'seconomicandsocialdevelopment,andamajorstrategicideathatmustbeadheredtoandimplementedtodevelopsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics.Incorporatingthescientificoutlookondevelopmentintothepartyconstitutionisthescientificpositioningofthescientificoutlookondevelopmentmadebythe17thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChina,anditisalsoanimportanthistoricalcontributionofthe17thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChina.

Historicalnode

DengXiaoping’svisittotheUnitedStates

OnJanuary1,1979,ChinaandtheUnitedStatesformallyestablisheddiplomaticrelations,28Afterdays,DengXiaopingwasinvitedtovisittheUnitedStates.ThisisthefirstvisitbyaChineseleadertotheUnitedStatesafterthefoundingofNewChina.

SpecialZoneShenzhen

InAugust1980,the18thmeetingoftheFifthNationalPeople’sCongressdecidedtoapprovetheestablishmentofShenzhen,Zhuhai,ShantouandXiamenproposedbytheStateCouncil.Specialeconomiczoneshavethusbegunaneweraofreformandopeningupincoastalcities.

14coastalopencities

In1984,theCPCCentralCommitteedecidedtofurtheropen14coastalportcities:Dalian,Qinhuangdao,Tianjin,Yantai,Qingdao,Lianyungang,Nantong,Shanghai,Ningbo,Wenzhou,Fuzhou,Guangzhou,Zhanjiang,Beihai.TheyareconnectedtothefourspecialeconomiczonesofShenzhen,Zhuhai,Shantou,XiamenandHainanIslandfromnorthtosouth,andbecomethefrontierofChina'sopeninguptotheoutsideworld.

BasicNationalPolicyforFamilyPlanning

Asearlyas1957,ProfessorMaYinchu,thefirstpresidentofPekingUniversityinNewChina,recognizedChina’spopulationproblemandproposedInthenewpopulationtheory,hescreamed,"Controllingthepopulationisanurgentmatter."However,atthetime,someleadersofthecountrybelievedthat"Manypeoplemakethingseasier."Asaresult,"thewrongbatchofapersongavebirthtoseveralhundredmillionmore."In1980,thestateofficiallyestablished"familyplanning"asabasicnationalpolicy.

Hello,ComradeXiaoping

AttheNationalDayCeremonyin1984,peoplemayforgetthegrandmilitaryparadeorthesplendidfireworksshow,butpeoplewillnotforgettheparadeTheaspirationsoftheChinesepeoplefromthestudentsofPekingUniversity:"Hello,ComradeXiaoping."

OneMillionDisarmament

1985isChina's"disarmamentyear."TheChinesePeople’sLiberationArmyhaslaidoff1millionemployeesandhasmaintainedworldpeacewithitsownpracticalactions.

ShanghaiPudong

TheShanghaiPudongEconomicDevelopmentZone,establishedin1990,hasdevelopedveryrapidly.Afterashortperiodof10years,ShanghaiPudonghasbecomeanothermajoreconomicandfinancialcenterofChina.

Xiaoping’ssoutherntour

DengXiaoping’ssoutherntourinShanghaiisthe"southerntourspeech"(alsoknownasthesouthernspeech)

AfterComradeXiaoping’ssoutherntour,ChinachangedInthepast,theformulationoftheestablishmentofaplannedcommodityeconomyformallyproposedtheestablishmentanddevelopmentofasocialistmarketeconomy,bringingthereformtoanewroundofclimax.

50thAnniversaryoftheVictoryoftheWarofResistanceAgainstJapan

ChineseandJapaneseyouthsattheMemorialHalloftheChinesePeople'sWarofResistanceAgainstJapan

1995isthe50thanniversaryofthevictoryoftheWarofResistanceAgainstJapan.ProgressiveyouthsfromJapanbroughtthousandsofpapercranesthatsymbolizedpeacetotheWarMemorialoftheWarofResistanceAgainstJapaneseAggression.Theydisplayedthebannerof"ChinaandJapanhavebeenfriendlyforgenerationsandwillneverfightagain"toexpresstheircommonyearningforpeace.

ThreeGorgesProject

Reform and Opening

ThreeGorgesProject-RiverClosure

OnDecember14,1994,theThreeGorgesProjectofficiallystarted.Sincethen,theThreeGorgesComprehensiveWaterConservancyProject,whichhasundergonenearly40yearsofsurvey,design,andresearch,hasbeeninfullswing,andtheprojectwilllastfor17years.OnNovember8,1997,thefirstphaseoftheproject-theriverclosurewascompleted.

Beijing-KowloonRailway

OnNovember16,1995,theBeijing-KowloonRailwaywithatotallengthofmorethan2,500kilometerswasopenedtotraffic.DajingjiustartsfromBeijinginthenorth,andrunsthrough9provincesandcitiesinthesouthtoKowloon,creatingthefivehighestrailwayconstructionsinChina:thelongestroadconstructionatatime,themostinvestment,theshortestconstructionperiod,thelatesttechnologyandequipment,andthegeologyandtopographyoftheroute.Theconditionsarethemostcomplicated.

Restorethecollegeentranceexaminationsystem

In1977,therestorationofthecollegeentranceexaminationsysteminterruptedbytheCulturalRevolutionmadeChineseyoungpeoplewhohadbeendeprivedoftheiryouthfor10yearsrejoiced.Thisyear'scollegeentranceexaminationisheldinwinter.Itissaidthatbetween5.7millionand10millionpeoplesignedup.Intheend,273,000peoplewereadmittedacrossthecountry.The"GangofFour"theorythat"Iwouldratherhaveanuneducatedlaborerthananeducatedspiritualaristocrat"hasbecomealaughingstockinChinesehistory.

ForeignfriendslearnChineseculture

Afterthereformandopeningup,foreignfriendshavedevelopedakeeninterestinChineseculture.SomeofthempersonallycametoChinatotakeawalkandtakealook;somelearnedaboutChinathroughChinesebooksandfilms,andtheremarkableprogressofChina'stourismindustrybegantomovetowardsanewclimax.

CountryofRespectfortheAged

Sofar,China’sagingpopulationhasreachedmorethan100million.Whethertheagingproblemcanbedealtwithwellisrelatedtothewell-beingofeveryfamily.EspeciallyaftertheimplementationofthefamilyplaninChina,eachcouplewillhaveonlyonechild,whichmeansthatafterafewyears,thenextgenerationofonlychildrenwhogrowupwillbearfourelderlypeopleineachfamily.Thiswillbecomeaserioussocialproblem.

SichuanNizhongBuddhistCollege

TheSichuanNizhongBuddhistCollege,whichwasbornintheautumnof1984,isthefirstinstitutionofhigherlearninginChinatotrainchildrentolearnmonks.AftertheCulturalRevolution,theChinesegovernmentimplementedthe"FreedomofReligiousBelief"stipulatedintheConstitution,andreligiousundertakingshavebeenextensivelyprotectedanddevelopedrapidly.

ProjectHope

Childrenwhoareeagertoread

OnApril15,1991,the“ProjectHope-HundredThe"TenThousandLoveAction"hasbeenimplemented,andallsectorsofsocietyhavedonatedmoneyandmaterialstotheHopeProject,andcharityhasattractedunprecedentedattention.

TheFourthWorldConferenceonWomen

TheUnitedNationsFourthWorldConferenceonWomenwasheldinBeijinginthefallof1995.Inordertoachievethegoalofequalitybetweenmenandwomen,womenrepresentativesfromallcountriesfromthefivecontinentsoftheworldgatheredtogetherandpassedthe"BeijingDeclaration"and"PlatformofAction."

Fromtalkingabout"sex"colorchangetooilpaintingbodyartexhibition

Humanbodyoilpaintingworks

ForChinesepeoplewhohavealwaysbeentaboototalkabout"sex",The"OilPaintingBodyArtExhibition"heldattheNationalArtMuseumofChinainBeijingin1988wasastrongpsychologicalshock.Thenumberofvisitorsin18daysexceeded200,000,whichwasthehighestnumberofvisitorsinthehistoryofthemuseum.

BeijingPekingOperaTheatrewenttoTaiwantoperform

AgroupphotoofMeiBaojiu,ShiHongtu,YangShaochunandMr.ZhangXueliang.

TheperformancetroupetoTaiwanformedbytheBeijingPekingOperaTheaterperformed14performancesinTaipeifromApril12toMay1,1993,whichcausedahugesensation.Mr.ZhangXueliang,whoisinhis90s,watchedthedramathreetimesandtookagroupphotowiththeactors.

TheChineseWomen’sVolleyballTeamwonthechampionshipforthefirsttime

InNovember1981,theChineseWomen’sVolleyballTeamwonthethirdWomen’sVolleyballWorldCupwithaseven-matchvictory.champion.ThisisthefirsttimethatChinahaswontheworldchampionshipinthethreemajorworldbasketball,volleyballandfootballgames.Sincethen,theChinesewomen'svolleyballteamhaswonrepeatedlyandwonthe"fiveconsecutivechampionships".

"ZeroBreakthrough"attheOlympicGames

The23rdOlympicGames

Atthe23rdOlympicGamesheldinLosAngeles,USAin1984,theChinesedelegationwon15goldmedals,eightsilvermedals,andninebronzemedals.ThisachievementbrokethesituationwhereChinahadneverwonagoldmedalintheOlympics,andwashailedasthe"zerobreakthrough"inthehistoryoftheChineseOlympics.

The11thAsianGames

The11thAsianGamesisthefirstcomprehensiveinternationalsportscompetitionheldbyChina.ItwasheldinBeijingbetweenSeptemberandOctober1990.TheChinesesportsdelegationtoppedthelistwithatotalof341medals.

The11thPanchenLama

OnJanuary12,1996,PresidentJiangZeminacceptedthegreetingsfromthe11thPanchenLamaandtheTashiLunpoMonasteryAppreciationGroup.The11thPanchenLamapresentedaHadatoChairmanJiang.Afterthedeathofthe10thPanchenLama,accordingtothecustomsofTibetanBuddhism,thecentralgovernmentestablishedaPanchenLama'sreincarnationgrouptosearchforthe11thPanchenLama.OnthemorningofNovember29,1995,infrontofthestatueofSakyamuniattheJokhangTemple,alotterywasheldforthegoldenvase,anditwasdeterminedthatGyaltsenNorbuwasthe11thPanchenErdeni.Inthemorning,theceremonywasheld.OnDecember8,asittingceremonywasheldatTashilhunpoMonasteryinXigaze.

Internethotwords

ThreerevolutionsandoneringSocialismwithChinesecharacteristics,aharmonioussociety,andtheBeijingOlympics

Commemorativeactivities

Collectivelearning

The18thPolitburooftheCPCCentralCommitteeDecember31,2012afternoonCarryoutthesecondcollectivestudyonunswervinglyadvancingreformandopeningup.Whenpresidingoverthestudy,XiJinping,thegeneralsecretaryoftheCPCCentralCommittee,emphasizedthatreformandopeningupisalong-term,arduous,andarduousundertakingthatmustbecarriedonfromgenerationtogeneration.Wemustadheretothereformdirectionofthesocialistmarketeconomy,adheretothebasicnationalpolicyofopeningtotheoutsideworld,usegreaterpoliticalcourageandwisdom,misstheopportunitytodeepenreformsinimportantareas,andmoveforwardcourageouslyinthedirectionofreformandopeningguidedbythe18thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChina.

XiJinpingemphasizedthatwemustconscientiouslysumupandusethesuccessfulexperienceofreformandopeningup.Hemadefivecommentsonthis.

First,reformandopeningupisaprofoundrevolution,andwemuststicktotherightdirectionandproceedalongtherightpath.Ontheissueofdirection,wemustbeveryclear-headed,continuetopromotetheself-improvementanddevelopmentofthesocialistsystem,andunswervinglyfollowthepathofsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics.

Secondly,reformandopeningupisanunprecedentedbrand-newundertaking.Wemustadheretothecorrectmethodologyandadvanceitthroughcontinuouspracticeandexploration.CrossingtheriverbyfeelingthestonesisareformmethodwithChinesecharacteristicsandinlinewithChina'snationalconditions.Tocrosstheriverbyfeelingthestonesistofeelthelawsandgaintrueknowledgefrompractice.Crossingtheriverbyfeelingthestonesandstrengtheningthetop-leveldesignaredialecticalandunified.Thepromotionofpartialphasedreformandopeningupmustbecarriedoutunderthepremiseofstrengtheningthetop-leveldesign,andthestrengtheningofthetop-leveldesignmustbeplannedonthebasisofpromotingpartialphasedreformandopeningup.Itisnecessarytostrengthenmacro-thinkingandtop-leveldesign,paymoreattentiontothesystem,integrity,andcoordinationofreforms.Atthesametime,wemustcontinuetoencourageboldexperimentsandbreakthroughs,andcontinuetodeepenreformandopeningup.

Third,reformandopeningupisasystematicproject,andcomprehensivereformsmustbeadheredtoandpromotedinthecoordinationandcooperationofvariousreforms.Reformandopeningupisaprofoundandcomprehensivesocialchange.Eachreformwillhaveanimportantimpactonotherreforms,andeachreformrequiresthecoordinationofotherreforms.Itisnecessarytopaymoreattentiontothemutualpromotionandbenigninteractionofvariousreforms,toadvanceasawhole,tomakebreakthroughsinkeypoints,andtoformastrongjointforcetopromotereformandopeningup.

Fourth,stabilityistheprerequisiteforreformanddevelopment,andtheunityofreform,development,andstabilitymustbeadheredto.Onlywithsocialstabilitycanreformanddevelopmentcontinuetoadvance;onlywithcontinuousadvancementofreformanddevelopmentcansocialstabilityhaveasolidfoundation.Itisnecessarytopersistinunifyingtheintensityofreform,thespeedofdevelopment,andthedegreetowhichsocietycanbearit,andtheimprovementofpeople'slivesshouldberegardedastheintegrationpointforcorrectlyhandlingtherelationshipbetweenreform,developmentandstability.

Fifth,reformandopeningupisthecauseofhundredsofmillionsofpeople.Wemustadheretorespectforthepeople’spioneeringspiritandinsistonadvancingundertheleadershipoftheparty.Everybreakthroughanddevelopmentintheunderstandingandpracticeofreformandopeningup,theemergenceanddevelopmentofeverynewthinginreformandopeningup,andthecreationandaccumulationofexperienceineveryaspectofreformandopeningup,allcomefromthepracticeandwisdomofhundredsofmillionsofpeople.Themoreonerousthetaskofreform,developmentandstability,themorewemuststrengthenandimprovetheleadershipoftheparty,themorewemustmaintaintheflesh-and-bloodtiesbetweenthepartyandthemasses,begoodatleadingthepeopleforwardbyproposingandimplementingcorrectlines,principlesandpolicies,andbegoodatcreatinganddevelopingfromthepeople’spractice.Chinaisrequiredtoimproveitspolicypropositions,sothattheresultsofreformanddevelopmentwillbenefitallthepeoplemoreandmoreequitably,andcontinuetoconsolidatethemassfoundationfordeepeningreformandopeningup.

XiJinpingemphasizedthatreformandopeningupcanonlybecarriedoutwhilenotbeingcompleted.Withoutreformandopeningup,therewouldbenoChinatodayandnoChinatomorrow.Thecontradictionsinreformandopeningupcanonlyberesolvedbyreformandopeningup.WemustfullyimplementthespiritoftheEighteenthNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChina,adheretoDengXiaopingTheory,theimportantthinkingofthe"ThreeRepresents",andthescientificdevelopmentconceptastheguidance,activelyrespondtothestrongcallsandardentexpectationsofthebroadmassesofpeoplefordeepeningreformandopeningup,andbuildsocialconsensus.Coordinateandpromotereformsinallfieldsandlinks,andstrivetoadvancereformandopeningup.

Celebrationmeeting

Mainentry:Celebratingthe40thanniversaryofreformandopeningup

Relatedentries:40thAnniversaryofReformandOpeningUp、Greatchanges-alarge-scaleexhibitioncelebratingthe40thanniversaryofreformandopeningup

Historicalexperience

XiJinpingdeliveredanimportantspeechatthecelebrationofthe40thanniversaryofreformandopeningup,expoundingthevaluableexperienceaccumulatedinthepast40yearsofreformandopeningup,andemphasizingthatwemustcherishit,sticktoitforalongtime,andcontinuetoenrichanddevelopinpractice.Hesaidthatwemustupholdtheparty’sleadershipoverallworkandcontinuouslystrengthenandimprovetheparty’sleadership;wemustadheretothepeople-centeredapproachandcontinuetorealizethepeople’syearningforabetterlife;wemustupholdtheguidingpositionofMarxismandcontinuetopromotetheoriesbasedonpractice.Innovation;wemustadheretothepathofsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics,andcontinuetoadheretoanddevelopsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics;wemustcontinuetoimproveanddevelopthesocialistsystemwithChinesecharacteristics,andcontinuetoplayandenhancetheadvantagesofChina’ssystem;wemustadheretodevelopmentasthefirstpriorityandcontinuetostrengthenChina'scomprehensivenationalstrength;wemustpersistinexpandingopeningupandcontinuouslypromotethebuildingofacommunitywithasharedfutureformankind;wemustpersistinadministeringthepartystrictlyinanall-roundway,andconstantlyimprovetheparty’screativity,cohesion,andcombateffectiveness;wemustadheretodialecticalmaterialismandhistoricalmaterialismworldoutlookandmethodology,correctDealwiththerelationshipbetweenreform,developmentandstability.

Historicalsignificance

ReformandopeninguparethekeychoiceforthedestinyofcontemporaryChina.ItistheonlywaytodevelopsocialismwithChinesecharacteristicsandthegreatrejuvenationoftheChinesenation.OnlythroughreformandopeningupcanChinadevelopInordertodevelopsocialismandMarxism.Thesetwopassagesgiveahigh-levelsummaryofwhywewanttoreform.Weshoulddeeplyunderstandthehigh-leveltheoreticalsummaryputforwardbytheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommittee.

Thereformhastwoobviouscharacteristics.First,thereformsundertheleadershipofthepartyareaimedatperfectingsocialism.Everymajorreformdecisionisadecisionmadebythecentralgovernmentthroughadecision,whichshowsthatthepartyisactivelypromotingreform.Second,ourreformisgradual,ratherthanaone-stepimplementationlikeinsomecountries.

Theessenceofreformandopeningupistoliberateanddevelopsocialproductiveforces,improveoverallnationalstrength,furtherliberatepeople’sminds,andbuildsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics.ReformandopeningupareanimportantpartofDengXiaopingTheoryandafundamentalpolicyofChina'ssocialistconstruction.Reformincludeseconomicsystemreform,thatis,thereformofahighlycentralizedplannedeconomicsystemintoasocialistmarketeconomicsystem;politicalsystemreformincludesthedevelopmentofdemocracy,strengtheningthelegalsystem,separatinggovernmentfromenterprise,streamlininginstitutions,improvingthedemocraticsupervisionsystem,andmaintainingstabilityandunity.Openingupmainlyreferstoopeninguptotheoutsideworld,butalsoincludesopeninguptotheinsideinabroadsense.ReformandopeningupisoneofthebasicpointsofthebasiclineoftheCommunistPartyofChinaintheinitialstageofsocialism,anditistheonlywayforChinatobecomeprosperousandstrong.IthasahugeimpactonChina'seconomicdevelopment.

SincetheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommittee,undertheguidanceofComradeDengXiaoping’stheoryofbuildingsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics,theCommunistPartyofChinaandthepeoplehavebeendeterminedtoreformandstrivehard,andthewholecountryhasbeenfullofvitality,andthelandofChinahastakenplace.Greathistoricalchanges.Socialproductiveforceshavegainednewliberation.Thepoliticalsituationofstabilityandunityhasbeencontinuouslyconsolidated.Theproblemoffoodandclothingfor1.1billionpeoplehasbasicallybeensolved,andthepopulationismovingtowardsawell-offsociety.China'seconomicconstructionhasreachedabigstage,thepeople'slivelihoodhasreachedabigstage,andtheoverallnationalstrengthhasreachedabigstage.Inthecontextofrapidchangesintheworld,China'ssocialistsystemhaswithstoodseveretestsandhasshowngreatvitality.

China’sreformandopening-uphasmaderemarkableachievements.Throughthismajorreformandopening-up,threegreattransitionshavebeenachieved:

ThefirstgreattransitionisthetransitionfromahighlycentralizedplannedeconomicsystemtoThetransformationofthesocialistmarketeconomysystemfullofvigorandvitality;

Thesecondgreatturningpointisthetransformationfromaclosedandsemi-closedsocietytoafullyopensociety;

ThethirdgreatturningpointItisthetransformationofpeople'slivesfromsubsistencetoabasicwell-offsociety.Withoutreformandopeningup,itisimpossibletoachievethreegreatchanges.

So,theThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeproposedthatreformandopeninguparethekeychoiceforcontemporaryChina’sdestiny.

Whenourcountry’sdevelopmentstandsatanewhistoricalstartingpoint,wemustadapttotheprofoundchangesintheeconomicsystem,theprofoundchangesinthesocialstructure,theprofoundadjustmentofthepatternofinterests,theprofoundchangesinideology,andtheunprecedentedopportunitiesthepartyfaces.Thechallengeswearefacingarealsounprecedentednewsituationsandnewsituations.Wewillfurtherbuildconsensusonreforms,strengthenthedirectionofreforms,andimprovereformmeasures.Historyhasproventhatreformandopeningupistheinevitablerequirementandfundamentaldrivingforcefortheliberationanddevelopmentofsocialproductiveforces,andthecontinuousinnovationofvibrantsystemsandmechanisms.ItistheonlywaytodevelopsocialismwithChinesecharacteristicsandrealizethegreatrejuvenationoftheChinesenation.OnlysocialismcansaveChina,andonlyreformandopeningupcandevelopChina,developsocialism,anddevelopMarxism.

Thereportofthe17thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChinapointedoutthatreformandopeningupisagreatnewrevolutionledbythepeopleundertheconditionsofthenewera.TobecomeprosperousandrejuvenatethegreatChinesenation;topromotetheself-improvementanddevelopmentoftheChinesesocialistsystem,togivenewvigortosocialism,tobuildanddevelopsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics;tostrengthenandimprovethepartywhileleadingthedevelopmentandprogressofcontemporaryChinaTomaintainanddeveloptheparty’sadvancednature,ensurethatthepartyisalwaysintheforefrontofthetimes,andenablethepartyandthecountrytodeveloprapidly.

Atthemeetingcelebratingthe40thanniversaryofreformandopeningup,XiJinpingsaidthatreformandopeningupisagreatawakeningofourparty,anditisthisgreatawakeningthatgavebirthtoourparty’sgreatcreationfromtheorytopractice.ReformandopeningupisagreatrevolutioninthehistoryofthedevelopmentoftheChinesepeopleandtheChinesenation.ItisthisgreatrevolutionthathaspromotedthegreatleapofthecauseofsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics!

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