Social Nature
Socialism is basically completed from January 1949 to 1956, the socialist system is established, and the nature of Chinese society is a new democratic society.
New Democratic Society is an intermediary and bridge of modern China from semi-colonial semi-construction society to socialist society. There are the following characteristics: In social form, it is not an independent social form, but is a socialist system. Society and gradually transition to socialist transitional nature; people's democratic dictatorship jointly divided into the revolutionary class leadership in the politics, the national bourgeoisie is still existing as a class, and there is a certain position in the national regime In economic implementation of the new democratic economic system, including the national economic, cooperative economic, individual economy, private capitalism and the national capitalism of national capitalism; in the cultural development of national nationality guided by Marxism , Scientific, public culture; new democratic society is the way to go to socialism in China.
Main Contradictions
From New China to 1952, the main contradiction is the contradiction between the broad masses of the people with imperialism, feudalism, bureaucrat capitalism, the main task is to completely complete democracy The tasks left behind the revolution quickly resume the national economy and strive to strive for the fundamental improvement of the national financial economy. At the end of 1952, when the new democratic revolutionary legacy, the land reform was completed in the country, China is the contradiction between the bourgeois in the proletariat, and China is the contradiction between China and Imperialist countries. The main contradictions of Chinese society.
Economic ingredient
There are five economic components: socialist national economy, semi-socialism's cooperative economic, farmers and hand-owned individual economies, Private Capitalist economy and national capitalist economy. Semi-socialist cooperative economic economy is excessive form of individual economy to socialist collective economy, and the national capitalist economy is excessive form of private capitalist economy to socialist state. Therefore, the main economic components are three: state-owned economies, individual economic and capitalist economies.
Class composition
working class, peasant class and other small bourgeoisie, national asset class, etc. are the basic class forces of new democratic society. Since the individual economies of farmers and handmarers can spontaneously go to capitalism, they can be guided to socialism, which does not represent an independent development direction. Therefore, these three basic economic components (socialist economy, individual economic and capitalist economies) and the contradiction between the three basic positive power associated with it, focusing on capitalism and socialism. The contradiction between the two classes of the bourgeoisie and the working class. With the basic completion of land reform, the contradiction between the working class and the bourgeoisie is gradually become the main contradiction between China. The national bourgeoisie in this period is still a class with two sides: existing exploitation workers, and there is an acceptance of the working class and its political parties. Therefore, the contradiction between the national bourgeoiso and the working class has two weeks, existing existing sides of the extension and the class interests of the exploiters, and cooperate with each other, and has the same interest. For the working class and the socialist revolution, the national bourgeoisie is an object that is destroyed as a exploitation class; as the social force that can accept the leadership of the Communist Party and the working class, it is an object of unity and transformation.
Route and mission
to 1952 my country's national economy has been restored, the renewal of the democratic revolution has been completed, the economy, political and social appearances have changed. At this time, Mao Zedong and the party's leaders have a new understanding of the original idea, and it is believed that my country is facing new development situations. It has become necessary and implemented in rural and cities. The timing of the transition to socialism has arrived, so I rethink the time and step problem to the transition to socialism. In September 1952, Mao Zedong proposed that it was necessary to complete the transition to socialism with 10 years to 15 years, rather than 10 years. This is the beginning of the preparation of the total route of the transition.
In June 1953, Mao Zedong officially proposed the total route and total task in the Transitional Period at the Central Political Bureau. In December of the same year, the complete description of the total route: "From the founding of the People's Republic of China, The transition is basically completed. This is a transitional period. The party in this transition period is to gradually implement the socialist industrialization of the country in a quite long time, and gradually realize the country's agriculture, the opponent industry and Socialist transformation of capitalist business business. "
The main content of the party in the transition period is summarized as" all three modifications ". "Monteen" is the socialist industrialization, "three changes" is the socialist transformation of individual agriculture, handicrafts and capitalist workers. They are interrelated between them, inseparable, which can be comparable to the "body" and "two wings". Among them, "Month" is "main body", 'three changes "is" two wings ", the two complement each other, mutual promotion. This is a road that socialist construction and socialist transformation, reflects socialist industrialization and socialism. The close combination of transformation reflects the organic unity of liberation productivity and development productivity, change production relationship and development productivity.
Historical conditions for transition
China is transition to socialism by new democracy Historical conditions include the material foundation, economic conditions, political guarantees and international factors of the transition.
has a considerable socialist productivity, the preliminary development of the modern China's capitalist economy and modern industries and China has considerable scale The socialist productivity is the basis for the material of the transition to the socialist. At the end of 1949 to 1952, they confiscated the four family bureaucracy of the Kuomintang to return to the people's state. It took frozen assets and regulation, purchasing, registration, and other measures to receive the United States. Waiting in China and the restoration and development of national economy, so that China's modern industry has initially developed, it is the basis of China's transition to socialism.
State-owned economy growth
Socialism The growth of the state-owned economy is the economic conditions for realizing the transition.
1 modern Chinese capitalism and modernization industries have developed a certain degree of development, especially under new democracy, China Communist Party adopted national industry and commerce The protection of policies have made new developments in the Ethnic Business and Industry of the Crisis, further created a productive foundation for socialist transformation.
2 In the new democratic economic structure, it is not only private capitalist economy and country. The advanced productivity of the capitalist economy is more important to have a socialist national economy in the leadership.
The state-owned economy is established by confiscating the four major family bureaucracy and receiving English and America in China Get up. The establishment of the state-owned economy enables the country to master the economic lifeline, which is the most important economic condition to achieve the transition to socialism.
proletarian leaders
mature proletarian party leadership And the people's democratic dictatorship, the political guarantee of China's transition to socialism.
1 mature proletarian party - the Chinese Communist Party became the national ruling party, this is the decision of the Chinese society from new democratism The political power of socialism.
2 The people's democratic dictatorship of the people's class leaders in the country and the relevant people's congress system are the political guarantee of China's transition to socialism.
3 The Chinese Communist Party adheres to Marxism, Mao Zedong's guidance is the necessary conditions for realizing the transition to socialism.
4 national bourgeois is the object of revolution, but the working class is still Keep the relationship with its alliance relationships in a certain period of time, thereby facilitating and transforming bourgeois interactions, which is beneficial to transition to socialism.
International Factors
The Burning World Socialist Sports, the Socialist Construction Achievement of Soviet Union and Its Support for China Construction, is an advantageous international factor in China's transition to socialism.
1 After the Second World War, the Burning of the World Socialist Sports, especially the Soviet Union, has quickly restored and developed after the war, and a group of eastern European countries, national democratic sports in Asian countries. With new development, it brings hope to the Chinese people.
2 Some Western capitalist countries headed by the United States have taken diplomats in new China, economically embarrassed, military threats, and the Soviet Union supports China's construction, thus promoting China Socialism transition.
Historical experience
In the process of socialist transformation, China's Communist Party has accumulated rich historical experience.
First, adhere to the socialist industrialization construction and socialist transformation simultaneously.
second, take active guidance, step-by-step transition.
third, transformed with a peaceful method.