Detailedexplanation
Theoppositeof"dualism".Aphilosophicaldoctrinethatclaimsthatthereisonlyonesourceoftheworld.
Therearematerialistmonismandidealistmonism.
Themonismofmaterialismaffirmsthattheoriginoftheworldismatter,andthemonismofidealismaffirmsthattheoriginoftheworldisspirit(energy).FromE.H.Haeckel,"MonismastheLinkbetweenReligionandScience."
ThistermwascoinedbytheGermanphilosopherWolff.
Aphilosophicaldoctrinethatsummarizesallthingsintheworldasakindoforigin.Theterm"monism"wascoinedbyGermanmathematician,physicist,andidealistphilosopherC.Wolfinthe18thcentury.Attheendofthe19thcentury,GermanzoologistandphilosopherE.H.Haeckelbegantouseitasaphilosophicalterm.Hecalledtheworldviewbasedontheprincipleofspeciespreservationandthetheoryofevolutionasmonism,andauthoredthebook"MonismastheLinkbetweenReligionandScience"andfoundedthe"MonistAssociation."
Monismclassification
Therearetwomajorcategoriesofmonism:materialistmonismandidealistmonism.
Materialistmonism
Thematerialistmonismholdsthattheoriginoftheworldismatter,andadvocatesthatmatteristheprimaryandenergy(spirit)issecondary.Marxistphilosophybelievesthatinthemonismofmaterialism,onlythemonismofmaterialistdialecticscanscientificallydemonstrateandcomprehensivelyimplementtheviewthatmatteristheoriginoftheworld;whoeveraffirmsthattheoriginofallthingsintheworldismatterandadvocatesthatmatteristhefirst.,Thespiritissecondary,whichbelongstothematerialisticmonism.
Idealistmonism
Idealistmonismbelievesthatthesourceofeverythingintheworldisenergy,andadvocatesthatenergyistheprimaryandmaterialissecondary.Forexample,theoriginoftheuniverseistheBigBang,andthefamousexperimentalquantummechanicsexperimentSchrödinger’scatprovidesevidenceforthistheory.Anyonewhobelievesthatthesourceofeverythingintheworldisenergyandadvocatesthatenergyistheprimaryandmaterialsecondaryisidealisticmonism.
Theoreticalextension
Medical"Monism"
Inclinicalwork,avarietyofdiseasesaresummarizedwithonemaindiagnosis.
The"monism"inpsychology
ProposedbythefamouspsychologistPiagetinthe20thcentury,itismainlyusedinthedevelopmenttheoryhefounded.HeputthecognitivedevelopmenttheoryDividedintofourdifferentstages,eachstagerepresentsacertainformoforganization,eachorganizationformputsallconceptsinaunitarymentalstructure,andeachstageisusedinallpossiblementalactivities.Butthistheoryhasbeenquestioned,becauseifthisisthecase,thenchildrenofthesameageshouldbeabletosolveallconservationproblems,butresearchshowsthatsomechildrencansolvethemattheageofsix,andsomehavetobeten.