Historical Procedures
The January March of the 1992 Zhangjiangkou Mangroven Nature Reserve was established.
In 1997, the Fujian Provincial People's Government approved the provincial nature reserve, with an area of 1,300 hectares.
June 2003 approved by the State Countries, promoted to the national nature reserve, became the only national wetland Nature Reserve in Fujian.
Geographical Environment
Location
江 口 红树 国级 Nature ReserveFujian Zhangjiangkou Mangrove National Nature Reserve is located in Yunxiao, Zhangzhou, Fujian Province County Xijiang entered the Haikou. Recently, the town is the town of Yunxiao, located 10km west of the wetland, and the Northeast is about 85km from Xiamen. The geographic coordinates are 117 ° 24'07 "~ 117 ° 30'00", the north latitude 23 ° 53'45 "~ 23 ° 56'00", a wetland ecosystem type nature reserve. The total area of the protected area 2 360hm2.
Vegetation
Vegetation type is divided into three vegetation types of mangroves, coastal salt marsh, and coastal sands, including 13 groups of white bone, have an autumn-mouse, etc. 22 groups.
Wetlands
The Zijiangkou protected area is generally consisting of forest wetland (mangrove swamp), beach (chalk), and salt marsh, and salt marsh. The most important wetlands are permanent, with mangroves, tung, tung, white bones, etc., is coated with mangroves, accounting for 55% of the total wetland.
Climate
The Zhangjiangkou Reserve belongs to the subtropical marine monsoon climate, the climate is warm and humid, the light, heat, and water resources are rich. According to the statistics of climate data from 1960 to 1999, the average annual temperature is 21.2 ° C, the extremely maximum temperature is 38.1 ° C, the extremely low temperature is 0.2 ° C. The hottest month is from 7 to September. The annual average precipitation is 1714.5mm, the year has the highest precipitation of 2493.2 mm, the minimum precipitation is 1348.4mm, and the precipitation is mainly concentrated in 4 to September. The annual evaporation was 1718.4mm, with average annual relative humidity of 79%. The annual average sun is 2125.1h. The annual average fog has 7.7 days.
Soil
soil is a siltate and sand siltation, thick and 2m or more. Soil matrix particles are finely structured, usually semi-fluid instead of solid, contain high moisture, lack of oxygen, soil is reduced, with a flue-containing characteristics; high salt content (generally 1%), salinity characteristics Soil pH 3.5 ~ 7.5, with strong acidity, soil contains rich plant residues and organic matter, organic matter content is 4.48%. There is also a large amount of calcium in the soil.
Top
The land of mangroves in the Zhangjiangkou protected area has shown a clear ladder land in southeast from northwest, forming the high, central and south, and the south. Flat landform. The mystery of the downstream of Zhangjiang is the fourth discord of residual substances and deposition substances, from ancient punctive, modern river reassence, massive and cot.
Hydrological
Zhangjiang is the main river of Yunxiao County, the full length is 58km, and eventually removing into the East China Sea Dongshan Bay. The watershed area is 855km2, from the indigenous stream (Pinghe County), Ma Wai, Xiahexi, Hepingxi, Nanxi, and Fun Tianxi. The annual average runoff is 635 million m3. There is no large and medium-sized industrial in the upper reaches of Zhangjiang. The average annual content of oxygen (DO) is 7.3 mg / dm3, and the average annual value of activated phosphate is 0.38 μmol / dm3. The total nitrogen content is 7.25 μmol / dm3, chemical hydrogen The amount content variation ranges from 0.58 to 2.31 μmol / dm3, the total suspension content ranges from 1.9 to 18.32 mg / dm3, and the average oil content is 23.3 μg / dm3, and the water quality of the annuality is II ~ III water quality. The pH variation in the sea area ranges from 8.02 to 8.45, and the water temperature changes are 14.85 to 25.56 ° C. The sea is an irregular half-day wave formation, with an average extraction of 2.32m, the highest tide of 7.7 m, the lowest tide of 3.03m.
Protection Objects
Summary
Main protection objects based on mangrove wetland ecosystems, endangered wildlife plant species, and southeast coastal watermatic germplasm resources. The main wetlands type has mangroves, beaches, water or composition of river, etc. Complyes 1, 2, 3, 8 of the National Important Wetlands of the Wetland Convention.
Plant
Zhangjiangkou mangrove (2 photos)
424 species, there are red tree plants 5 subjects 6 It belongs to 6 kinds of salinomy, and there are 29 species of 27 species, and 152 in the Binhai Plants are 184. There is rich in nutrients in the district, there is rich in microbiological resources. There are 45 species of microorganisms 12, compared to the number of microbes of land habitats. The number of bacteria in the mangroves is higher than that of general land habitats, while soil amplifier, and rare is less Main Features of Soil Microorganisms in the National Nature Reserve of Jiangkou Mangroves.Animal
359 kinds of wild vertebrate, including 14 species of mammals, 154 species of birds, 37 species of crawling, 13 kinds of two inhansets, 13 kinds of fish 141 kind. Animals listed in the national level protected have 2 kinds of Chinese white dolphins and Burmese pythakes. Animals listed in the national second-level focus protection have a wide kiss dolphins, yellow mouth, green turtles, rides. 19 species of skin turtles, Pacific Ocean, and Tiger Tiger Frog. 24 provincial key protection animals. The protected area of birds have a large bilateral international agreement, including 77 species of birds protection against Sino-Japanese migratory bird protection agreement, and 41 species of Birds protected by the Central Australian Watching Birds. 28 kinds of zone belt in the protected area. 181 species under the liprotive organism. There are 201 species of seafront floating plants, including 165 of diatoms. 180 of the floating animals, including 59 kinds of jellyfi, 71 copers.
Value
mangrove (5 photos)
Zhangjiangkou mangrove National Nature Reserve is a mangrove wetland ecosystem, endangered The animal and plant species and the southeast coast of high quality, and the aquatic germplasm resources are the wetland ecosystem type protected area of the main protection object. It is the largest type of mangrove, the north side of China, the north side of China, the best growing mangroves. There are mangroves, reeds, cards, rivers, short-leaved, rivers, rivers, rivers, rivers, rivers, and waterfields, etc., and landscaps, landschestra, landscaping. , The beach and other types, the river network is dense, the wetland environment is diverse. The mangrove plants in the protected area are mainly distributed with mangrove plants such as autumn, and the Tonghua Tree of Zijinnke, the white bone soil of the horse whip, the sealaughter of the Juyor, and the mouse of the Junbei Plant three-leaf fish vine, saved the largest area of Fujian Province, China's natural distribution of natural mangroves, with high natural attributes and typical mangroves, with protective research value, treasure house for wetland biodiversity one.