Basic introduction
Learning theory of learning emphasizes complex behavior to establish composite reactions in conditions, learning is the process of establishing a joint between stimulation and reactions. The linkage is also known as the stimulation (S) - the theory of reactions (R), is the behavioral learning theory of "educational psychology" - American psychologist Sanddo created, Huasheng, Skinna and other actors. Since the S-R paradigm is not exceeded, it is attributed to such a class.
Representative view
Zuludy Joint learning Theory
Zanddi initially studied learning problem is starting from various animal experiments, through a series of animal experiments It is proposed a link learning theory. Its main point of view is:
(1) Learning is a context-based contextual stimulus and reaction ("linkage", relationship, tendency).
(2) The process of learning is a progressive, blind trial and gradually reduce the wrong process. The appearance of the correct response at the beginning of learning is accidental. By repeated attempt, the wrong reaction gradually decreases, the correct reaction will gradually increase (this is "trial"), and finally formed a firmness between certain stimulation and certain reactions. coupling.
(3) The learning of people and animals follow three important laws: The preparation law is the preparation of the learner in the beginning of learning. Ready to react in some way and can be achieved, and it is effective. It will worry about preparing without letting it act. There is no need to prepare and force to act in activities. The practice law can enhance the coup between stimuli and reactions by rewarding. The results of the reaction (such as joy or trouble) affect the strengthening of stimulation and reaction linkage. Or weaken.
(4) Human learning is complicated than animals. According to its complexity, learning can be divided into a direct coupling of a stimulus-reactive reaction; forming the connection of the concept; forming an abstract linkage; forming a selective coupling. The Learning Theory of Zanda has instructed a large number of educational practice and played the historical role of this theory.
Behavioral learning Theory
Represents people with Huasheng, Springs. Among them, Springs is most representative. Springs believe that all behaviors are made up of reflection. The behavior can be divided into response sexual behavior (the reaction caused by known stimuli, such as a fire, etc.) and operability (by the organism itself, rather than the reaction caused by the known stimuli, such as fist, squat Next, whistle, etc.), corresponding to two types of behavior, Skinner divides the conditional reflection (or classic conditions reflection) and reactive conditions (or operating conditions reflection), the former is S-R condition Reflection, the latter is the R-S type condition reflection. Learning can be seen as a process of forming a reflection of operating conditions. The formation and reinforcement of the operating conditions have an extremely close relationship. He has made more comprehensive research on strengthening, and the intensive theory formed has become the most important part and foundation of his learning theory. Springs believe that the behavior has changed because the strengthening of the strengthening, the control of strengthening is the control of behavior. Enhanced action is achieved by strengthening. Any stimulus and events that enhance the probability of reactivity are called strengthening. Enhanced has positive strengthening and negative strengthening. Positive strengthening is enhanced by suspending unhappy conditions by suspending unpleasant conditions by presencing stimulus reinforcing reactions. This has a lot of practice for education practices.
Evaluation
Connecting on learning psychological problems put forward very valuable insights, many theories are still guiding education, learning practical activities, but its fundamental defect is ignored learning In-in-depth analysis of the intrinsic psychological process, is more suitable for explaining animal learning and low-level learning of humans.