Materialmeans
Materialmeansaremainlyallthematerialconditionsneededforeducation,whichcanbedividedintoeducationalactivitysitesandfacilities,educationalmediaandeducationTherearethreetypesofauxiliarymethods.
Educationalactivityplacesandfacilitiesinschoolsmainlyrefertothenumberofschoolbuildings,classrooms,playgrounds,laboratories,school-runfactories,farms,etc.andinternalequipmentinstallations.
Educationmediaisatoolfortransmittinginformationbetweentwotypesofsubjects(educatorsandeducators)ineducationalactivities.Itcanbeseenthattheeducationalmediaisthecarrierofeducationalcontentandotherinformationineducation.However,differentmediacanbeusedforthesameeducationalcontent.Withthedifferentmedia,theorganization,methods,andeffectsofeducationwillchange.
Educationalmediahasmanyforms,fromthesimplestphysicalobjects,orallanguagetopictures,writtenprints,audiotapes,videotapes,movies,television,computerprograms,andsoon.Theirformisthatwiththedevelopmentofhumanscienceandtechnology,educationalactivitiesbecomemorepopularandindividualized,andbecomemorecolorfulandcomprehensive.
Spiritualmeans
Spiritualmeansincludeeducationalmethodsandeducationalapproaches.Educationalmethodsincludetwomethods:theteachingmethodoftheeducatorandthelearningmethodoftheeducated.Asfarastheteachingmethodsofeducatorsareconcerned,therearelinguisticmethods,intuitivemethodsandpracticalmethods;asfarasthelearningmethodsofeducatorsareconcerned,therearetwocategories:discoveryandacceptance.
Fromtheaboveanalysisoftheelementsofeducationalactivitiesandtheirfunctions,wecanseethatthefourelementsofeducators,educatedpersons,educationalcontent,andeducationalmethodsareindispensableforthedevelopmentofeducationalactivities.Interaction,mutualconnectionandmutualinfluenceinactivities.Ineducationalactivities,whenallfourareavailable,themainfactoristhedecisivefactorfortheeffectivenessofeducationalactivities.Togivefullplaytotheroleofthesubject,thekeyistohandletheinternalrelationshipbetweenthesubjectandtheobject.Foreducators,hemuststudyandunderstandthreeobjects,students,educationalcontent,andeducationalmethods.Thetaskoftheeducatoristoimparttheestablishededucationalcontenttothestudentsthroughcertainmeans.Fortheeducated,theobjectheknowsisone:thecontentofeducation.Histaskistolearnandmastertheestablishedcontentthroughcertainmeansundertheguidanceoftheteacher,thatis,totransformtheexternalobjectintotheinternalsubject.
Amongthefourelements,themainrelationshipistherelationshipbetweentheeducatorandtheeducated,whichismanifestedintherelationshipbetweenteachingandlearningineducationalactivities.Teachingincludestwomeanings,namelyimpartingknowledge,impartingideas,enlighteningandinducing,andinfluencinginfluence,thatis,impartingknowledgeandideasandteachingstudentshowtolearnandcultivatemethods.Learningalsocontainstwomeanings,namely,learningandmasteringthespiritualwealthaccumulatedbyhumanbeingsandlearningthemethodsoflearningandcultivation.Themainformofteachingandlearningisschoolteachingactivities.Thecontradictionbetweenteachingandlearningisthebasiccontradictionofeducationalactivities.Thegapbetweentheeducationalrequirementsputforwardbytheeducatoronbehalfofthesocietyandthelevelofphysicalandmentaldevelopmentoftheeducatedisthedrivingforceforthedevelopmentoftheeducated.