Introduction
The corpse test is the application of forensic theory and technology, and the inspection of the corpses related to the case. This inspection is the most important part of the forensic test, the purpose is to determine the death, analyze the nature of death, and provide scientific basis for investigations and trials. The corpse related to the case refers to the corpses in criminal cases, the dead bodies, deaths and nature, and dying to doubt the bodies of the killing or suicide, and the death of poisoning or strong infectious diseases, medical disputes or traffic accidents. The bodies of the responsibility. The corpse test should be carried out by the forensic appraisers. The corpse inspection includes a corpse external test and a corpse anatomical test. To identify the nature of death and death, the public security, the judiciary has the right to decide the corpse anatomy. The inspection should have a witness to participate, and do a good job on the spot, and sign the inspectors, participants and witnesses.
Inspection of general bodies
Nuclear appearance inspection
Generally, it should be carried out on site. First, check the deceased clothing, documents, suicide, etc., mud, feces, vomit, etc., long, weight, nutrition, and development, etc., the color, traits, no damage, disease signs, malformations and tattoo, etc. Special tags, corpse temperatures, fasteners, corpse and corruption signs and part of corruption, and extent (see corpse phenomena). Then, in accordance with the body's anatomical part, it is sequentially inspected: the color, length and hairstyle, scalp and skull are damaged; the face has no swelling, hair loss and sputum; the transparency of the two eye cornea, the size of the pupil And shape, eye-composite film has no blood, rubbing; no bleeding, secretions and foreign objects in nasal and external auditors; lips and oral mucosa have no corrosion and damage, number of teeth, arrangement, no dental defect, tongue Location, there is no abnormality, blood or vomit in the mouth; neck has no needle, epidermal, subcutaneous bleeding and other abnormal phenomena; whether the chest, abdomen is flat, sorry, there is no damage or other abnormal phenomenon; upper limb The posture of the lower extremities, there is no damage and fracture; the color of the nails, refers to there is no blood, sediment or other debris in the tilt; exogenous genitalia, erosion, ulcer, and secretions; there is nous around and around damage. The female body pays attention to the exempt from pregnancy, abortion or rape, the examination is hybrid, the inside of the thigh and other parts have damage, adopting secretions in the vaginal examination.
Anatomical Inspection
identify the important means of changing the cause. Generally, the naked eye examination and histological examination are generally performed in conventional diseases. The bodies doubtful in the death of infectious diseases are still being taken from cardiology or organ tissue. 1 chest and abdomen. Check the chest, abdominal cavity has no effusion, blood, adhesion, and has no abnormal position; measure the height of the diaphragm; check the size, weight, surface and surface traits of each organ, and have damage and lesions. 2 cranial cavity. Check the scallets without bleeding and skulls; after opening the cranial cavity, check the meningum without bleeding and supplement from the outside; brain back and brain state, there is no brain sputum; the cerebral artery is unformatum and ather Hardening; the brain (especially the internal saculation and basal neuroduclear), the cerebellar, brain bridge and the medullary, etc. have no bleeding and lesions, and there is a fracture of the skull. 3 Academic neck. The neck is the key part of the forensic corpse, especially when the mechanical suffocation is dead, and the neck should be subcounted to the neck, the muscles, observe that there is no bleeding, the tongue and the throat cartine have fracture, the throat mucosa has no bleeding Included, there is no aberration in the cavity; there is no abuse and secretion in the air and bronchial; the esophageal mucosa has no corrosion, and there is no tandid and crack bleeding.
Special circumstances in special circumstances
mechanical damaged corpse test
to accurately record the damaged parts, shape, size, direction, color Pay attention to find the remaining objects of foreign objects and the injuries that may exist in the creation for the inferiority and identification of the injuries. If necessary, the tissue of the injury should be cut, organizational, biochemical and other tests. In addition, blood or hair checking blood type should be taken to verify it with the suspects or the blood stoveted on the weapon. In the test of the corpse, it is necessary to pay attention to whether the corpse straws have been found to be the same body; the gender, age, strength of the body is characterized by personal characteristics; the deserted means and the murderer can be occupied; death time and death reasons (see Mechanical damage).
Mechanical suffocation dead body test
To check that the neck may exist in the damage of the suffocation, such as the portion of the sitchgou, the traits, direction, is a birth or death Form; the shape and direction of the skin, whether or not the neck formation is formed. It is necessary to take special inspection of organism or organize chemistry if necessary to determine the formation of birth or after death and after time. In the water, the body is highly corrupt or the sickness is not obvious, and the internal organs and skeleton are tested (see mechanical suffocation).
Upstrated corpse test
To check the heart, coronary artery, brain and other important organs, such as the myocardium surgery, shrink, hypertrophic, fat degeneration; whether the coronary artery is narrow Subsegrad branches Check the porridge hardening plaque, narrow or thrombosis, and fully take the organizational block for appropriate parts of each organ, supply pathological histology examination. Sometimes aseptic operation is subjected to a bacterial or tissue for bacterial examination. When you have a pneumothorax or air embolism, you must check with special methods before opening the chest or the heart (see emergency death).
Poison death or doubt of the dead body test
Pay attention to the gastrointestinal mucosa has bleeding, corrosion, erosion, the quantity, traits of its contents, or different things, special Color and odor, and extract enough stomach and stomach contents, heart blood, urine and other organs, for toxic analysis (see poisoning).
Nameless corpse test
To record and take pictures of the body (see criminal photography), there may be special tags such as malformation, scar, tattoo. According to the characteristics of the clothes, the characteristics of body development, the type of attachment, the body of the body and the tactic content of the deceased, the time of occupation, the time of occupation, death; and press the fingerprint, blood collection and blood type.
Open the inspection of the body
observe and record the integrity of the grave and coffin, the case of the laboratory. After corpse corruption, some damage or disease signs may still be retained varying degrees. When doubts poisoning, the body is highly corrupt, while extracting the near-abdominal meat mud, extract the soil around the nearby meat and coffins to be controlled.