concept
The center of the Arab world has established a common language, culture, religion and historical heritage from all of the Arab world. nation.
Early Arabic nationalism aims to achieve national independence through opposition to foreign aggression, establish a unified Arab country or federal, and later seek only arabant countries in politics.
Generate
Since the 16th century, the Arab countries are under the rule of Osman Empire. The Arab nationalist is based on factors such as the Arab people with common language, cultural, religious beliefs and customs, and proposes the rule against the Osman Empire, establishing an independent, unified Arab countries, and the Arab nationalism have been produced.
Development
After the Western colonialists invaded the Chinese Northeast, the Arab nationalists have developed and enrich the Arab nation in opposing colonial invasion and oppression, striving for national liberation and independence. . The basic program is: getting rid of the alien rule and colonial oppression, the Arabs should realize national independence in the unity struggle; on the basis of national independence, the Arab countries have formulated a unified Arab country or federal; Arab countries strengthen unity and cooperation, and maintenance National independence and national sovereignty, coordinate with each other's policies and practical activities.
The second half of the 19th century is accompanied by the invasion of the colonialism and the decline of the Turkey Osman Empire. The poor and backward Arab national rivers, at this time, some Arab ideas and rectification activities are unbearable to come out of national and colonies Bullying, start awakening, determined to re-revitalize the Arab nation, get rid of the exploitation and slavery of Western colonial countries, establish an independent, energetic Arab countries.
In the 1940s, some Arab countries have independently independent, and the Arab unified movement has entered a new climax. In March 1945, 7 independent Arab countries formed a Arab countries alliance. In the 1950s, Arab countries conducted a series of attempts to formally formally formally completed, such as the United Republic of Arab, the United States, the United States, the Arab Republic, Morocco-Libyan Union, etc., mostly difficult due to internal disputes and various complex factors. In 1981, the Gulf Arab States National Cooperation, which was established in the region, has played a positive role in the relationship between the political, economic, safety affairs, and coordinated member states.
In the development process of Arab nationalism, Nashar's Arab nationalism has the greatest impact, its thoughts are the continuation and development of early Arab nationalism.
Representatives
Arabic nationalism's main representatives are: Abdul Rahman Kavarby, Mosta Kamilla, Assad · Zautu (translated as "Chai Lu"), Sapati, etc.
Abdul Rahman Kawby
Abdul La Hamman Kavickby (1849-1903) was born in Syria, then moved to Egypt It is the earliest advocate of Arabic nationalism. He inherited the ideological system of Rashid Rida, and believed that Osman's autocratic rule led to the uniformity of the Islamic society and the backwardness of the Arab nation, and advocated the establishment of a unified Arab. Country, such a country is higher than any religion. His main representatives have "autocratical nature and slavery roots" and "parent" of townships. "
Mosta Kamille
Mosta Kamille is an Egyptians, he graduated from the Legal School of Egypt Herdov and the French Toulouse Institute. In 1894, it was put into political struggle to request the UK to withdraw from Egypt. In 1900, the "Flag News" was founded, and the school was opened, lending the awakening of the people. As a pioneer of modern Arabic nationalism, he emphasizes the interests of the country than everything, Egypt is Egyptian Egypt, opposing any form of foreign rule and general sovereignty, but he believes that it should be victorious in peace.
Saad Zagrugue
Zaade Zagruger (also translated "Chai Lu") is the founding of Egyptian independence sports, Waffly Release people. He was born with peasant families. In the early years, he studied in Har University. He studied in Paris University. After returning to China, he served as a newspaper editor, participated in the anti-englishing uprising of Orabi leaders.
After a war, the UK implemented a colonial protection system in Egypt, this time his nationalist thought has leap. He believes that politics Egypt must be independent, and it must be independent. In the past, the Suis Canal District can reside. His position has been supported by the two national political parties (Party) of the National Party and the Motherland. The Waffrien Party is Egyptian political party, and its political program is required to be completely independent of Egypt. Sayad 1 Zagruger is considered a symbol of Egyptian nationalism and independent movement.
Sapati
Sapati is known as "the father of Arabic nationalism". He was born in a Syrian family in Yemen and received traditional Islamic education since childhood, and then accepted education in France, Switzerland, Belgium. In his long life trip, we have been striving to combine German (especially Fisot) nationalism with the idea of Arabic philosophers Iburn Herleton, and use this to improve our panicism. Although he is affected by the liberalism, it is essentially a nationalist.
Nasale's Arab nationalism
Nasale's Arab nationalism is under the new historical conditions, the inheritance and development of the above traditional thinking, his Arabic unified thinking, he is peaceful The non-bleeding technique is expelled by the behavior of the King of Faruk, is seen as an embodiment of the forefoot thinking and advocacy, especially Sapati, his advocacy has a distinctive manifestation in Nasale. Sapati Special emphasizes Egypt's importance to the Arab national movement, and believes that Egypt has the task of leading the Arab national sports. The Arabs should carry out national liberation movements under the leadership of Egypt. These theories in Sapati are reflected in the Revolutionary Practice of Nasale.
In 1952, the "Freedom Military Officer Organization" headed by Nasharl was launched, and the Farro King Dynasty was overthrown, unveiled the new chapter of Egypt's history.
In 1956, President Nasale launched the Suez Canal State-owned Movement and shocked the Arab countries and the whole world. In order to maintain colonial interests, the United Kingdom, French guys launched the Suez Canal War. As a result, in the strong support and positive intervention of the international community, the Egyptian people under the leadership of Nasale have achieved the victory of anti-aggression war, will be rushed out of the British and French colonization Egypt, safeguarding the national independence, Nasale himself became the national hero of Egypt and the Arab people.
In 1967, the Arab countries suffered fiasco in the third Middle East War, Nasale accumulated a disease. In 1970, suddenly died.
After the July 1952 revolution. Nasale wrote a book of philosophy of Pyrid, elaborated his Arab nationalist ideology. Nasale regards nationalism as the ideological weapon for the nationalist revolution in the Arab people. It is believed that facing the nevisher's colonial oppression and the anti-dynamic rule of the feudal dynasty, the Arab people should improve the national awareness, carry out nationalist revolution, and conduct an anti-imperialism It is opposing the "political revolution" of the tyrant, from the tyrant and the foreign army in the country of the motherland, take back the right to manage their rights. After the nationalist revolution, the Arab nation's liberation movement should be carried out to destroy all foreign forces in the Arabic region to help every Arab countries conduct liberation movements and strive for national independence.
Finally, Nasale puts the Arab nationalism to unite and friendly bonds between Arabs, is a social movement that is related to national political and economic, is also a unity, freedom, completeness and The struggle of dignity. He also believed that the reason why the Arab people suffered from imperialism, because they were like a piece of belt, in a state of split and isolated, once they united, they can resist any aggression from the outside. The highest stage and ultimate goal of Arabic nationalism are to achieve arabic unity.
Nasale's nationalist goals is Egypt's independence and powerful. After the success of the Egyptian Revolution in 1952, Nashair promulgated 6 revolutionary principles in the name of the Revolutionary Steering Committee: destroying imperialism; eliminating feudalism; eliminating foreign monopoly capital on government control; establish a strong national army; establish social justice Establish and improve the democratic life.
These 6 principles are summarized, that is, to get Egypt from slavery, the strategic poverty, establish a free and fair new Egypt. Later, with the victory and independence of the Egyptian revolution, the establishment of the nation, the center of gravity of Nasale nationalism metastases the entire Arab world, and Nasale wants to take the status of Egypt in the Arab countries, play Egypt in the Arab, African and Islamic world. Leadership.
Nasale in his "Revolutionary Philosophy" book, surrounded "Egypt is the proposition of" the center of the Arab world ", he has discussed the Arab, African continent and Islamic world as three" "The same heart", while Egypt is in the center of these three concentric circles. Nashar emphasized that Egypt must contact the "three circles" to close together, do everything to do, there must be, the history opportunity is to be Egypt in this The three circles are "glorious hero roles",.
From Egypt, the mission and responsibility taken by Egypt in the Arab world, Nasharl's nationalism has a panic color, because he advocates the Arab The national unity beyond the religion and national borders. Nasale especially emphasized the integration of Arab countries in history, religion, and even geographical factors, and considers common national culture and geographical sectors, which constitutes a complete contour of Arab countries. He started from 1953, Always listed the unity and unity of the Arab world as the most important "international task", insist on emphasis on the importance of Arab nationalism. His belief is to combine the Arab nation into a strong whole, then play it in the world. Positive impact.
Nasale is the foundation of the Arabic nation, and he believes that if he only rely on Islam, it will not achieve the unity of the Arab nation, realize the unity of the Arab nation, not only need to consider religion. Factors, it is also necessary to consider geographic and historical factors.
Nasale's idea finally became the theoretical foundation of various political activities that he was committed to achieving the Arabic Unity, and also triggered in some Arab countries. A violent revolution in a venue, the most prominent case, which did the bloody coup that occurred in Iraq in 1958.
cultural characteristics
Arab nationalism It is an important part of the Eastern political culture. It is the main political tendency of the 20th century Arab world, which is a prevalent political belief, emotion, thinking and cultural values, from Hilar Reid's "Islamic nationalism". Cavickby's regime separation and the Arab World Concept, Azzri's integrity, knowing the Arabic Division Plan of the Arabic National Autonomous Party, from Shelif Hussein Faisar's Arab Political Region The physical and culturalism of the entity, Lihany, Shawkat, Rabas, to the national emotionalism of Alaii and the national definition of the salad, from Kutroe's "embrace Islam", Zazaz Chongjing, Malik Respect the Islamic culture, until Arab Christian theory, Alak, on all of these ideological development track curves, the political central axis is undoubtedly an independent movement of the Arab nation, and its theoretical core is a national issue, its development The trend is the resume of the nationalist national system in the Arab world.
After the formation of nationalist national system, in terms of joint, unity and cooperation, there has been a new development track, which is around the war, peace. , The central axis of conflict, development and change. It repeatedly turned to the current, but also continued to the future.