Synonym Amazon generally refers to Amazon (online e-commerce company) 
Company Development
Established
Amazon, Inc. was founded on July 5, 1994 by Jeff Bezos ( Jeff Bezos) was founded, originally called Cadabra. Nature is the basic online bookstore. However, Bezos, who has a vision, sees the potential and characteristics of the Internet. When a large physical bookstore provides 200,000 books, the online bookstore can provide readers with more choices than 200,000 books.
Bezos renamed Cadabra after the Amazon River, which is home to the most diverse organisms on the planet, and reopened in July 1995. The company was originally registered in Washington State in 1994, changed to Delaware in 1996, and went public on May 15, 1997. The code is AMZN, and one share is US$18 (as of the close of the market on October 12, 2012, the stock price is US$242.36).
Amazon’s original plan was to start making profits after 4 to 5 years. The Internet bubble in 2000 caused Amazon’s style of steady growth to become a unique story. There were quite a few Internet companies in the 1990s. Rapid growth. At that time, Amazon’s shareholders kept complaining that Bezos’ business strategy was too conservative and slow. During the dot-com bubble, those fast-growing Internet companies closed their businesses. Only Amazon was still profitable. It was the fourth place in 2002. In the quarter, Amazon's net profit was about 5 million U.S. dollars. In 2004, it grew to more than 300 million US dollars.
Current situation
Amazon's development (3 photos)
DVD, books, software, home appliances, kitchen projects, tools, lawn and courtyard projects , Toys, clothing, sporting goods, delicious food, jewelry, watches, health and personal care items, beauty products, musical instruments and so on.In January 2004, Amazon launched a special campaign for presidential candidates, encouraging customers to donate from $5 to $200 to their ideal US presidential candidates as campaign funds. In 1999, Bezos became the Person of the Year in Time Magazine because of his business strategy.
On July 8, 2009, Amazon's official website was blocked. The government did not give any reasons for the blockade. Now you can log in, and Amazon's website IMDb can now log in.
On March 15, 2010, Amazon, an online shopping mall with 23 categories and more than 1.2 million products, released the "Online Shopping Integrity Statement White Paper", mainly focusing on the "genuine products" that consumers generally care about online shopping. "And "return" issues, to make specific explanations for the pre-sales and after-sales integrity assurance. Excellent Amazon believes that online shopping integrity is mainly divided into "pre-sale integrity" and "after-sale integrity". Pre-sale integrity refers to consumers' trust in the online mall brand and whether each product is "genuine".
In this regard, Excellent Amazon has launched a promise to consumers of "every day low price, authenticity guarantee". Wang Hanhua, President of Amazon.com, explained: “As the website of Amazon, the world's largest online retailer with the largest variety of products, in China, Amazon.com has authentic guarantees for various products such as software and digital products, home appliances 3C, toys and gifts."
Amazon China has developed rapidly, maintaining rapid growth every year, and the number of users has also increased significantly. It has 28 categories and nearly 6 million kinds of products.
On September 6, 2012, Amazon released the new KindleFire tablet and KindlePaperwhite e-reader with screen backlighting at the press conference.
On March 18, 2013, Amazon has produced a series of large-budget TV series, these series can only be watched through the Internet, because the company is engaged in a "war" with Netflix, competing to use People are interested in watching TV programs on smart phones, tablet computers and Internet TVs in order to expand their share in the field of streaming media broadcasting services.
Because of the outstanding performance of the Amazon cloud service provided by Amazon in 2013, the well-known IT development magazine SDTimes selected it as the 2013 SDTimes100, ranking second in the category of "APIs, libraries, and frameworks". "Ranked first in the category, and ranked first in the "very influential" category!
On May 5, 2014, Twitter and Amazon joined forces to allow users to shop directly from the tweets of its microblog service, in order to increase e-commerce to maintain member stickiness.
On August 13, 2014, Amazon launched its own credit card reader, AmazonLocalRegister, to further expand into the offline market.
On January 20, 2015, Amazon's film studio will start filming. These movies will be shown in movie theaters first, and only then will be seen on Amazon's Prime video streaming service.
On the afternoon of March 6, 2015, Amazon China (Z.cn) announced the start of trial operation of the "amazon official flagship store" on Tmall, which is scheduled to be officially launched in April 2015. The first phase of the flagship store will focus on the very distinctive "imported direct-sourced" products of Amazon China, which are popular among consumers, including footwear, food, beverages, kitchenware, toys and many other categories.
On June 8, 2016, "BrandZ Global Top 100 Most Valuable Brands 2016" was announced, and Amazon ranked 7th.
In October 2016, Amazon ranked 8th in the world’s 100 most valuable brands in 2016.
It was reported on May 5, 2017 that Amazon is preparing to set up a new research and development center in Cambridge, UK for scientific research and development.
On December 21, 2017, the 2017 (14th) "Fortune 500 of World Brands" compiled by the World Brand Lab was announced in New York, and Amazon continued to maintain its "third place" position.
As of March 20, 2018 local time, Amazon’s market value has surpassed Google’s parent company Alphabet, becoming the world’s second largest company by market capitalization after Apple.
On May 21, 2018, the 2018 Fortune 500 list was released, and Amazon ranked eighth.
On May 29, 2018, "BrandZ Top 100 Global Most Valuable Brands in 2018" was released, and Amazon ranked third.
On June 20, 2018, Amazon's official website launched Amazon's global collection service. This service does not require a foreign bank card or a third-party account. The seller can receive global payments in local currency and deposit them directly into the seller’s domestic bank account.
On September 4, 2018, Amazon's stock price exceeded US$20,50.50, becoming the second US company with a market value of more than one trillion US dollars after Apple.
In May 2021, according to data from app tracking companies AppAnnie and SensorTower, Amazon (AMAZON), the most downloaded shopping app on the iOS and Android platforms in the United States, was replaced by fast fashion e-commerce app SHEIN.
Acquisition
In April 1998, Amazon acquired IMDb (Internet Movie Database Company);
In August 1998, Amazon acquired IMDb for US$186 million Junglee (data mining company);
In August 1998, Amazon acquired Planetall (social networking company) for US$93 million;
In June 1999, Amazon acquired it for US$250 million Alexa;
In April 2003, Amazon acquired its online music store competitor en: CDNow;
In August 2004, Amazon acquired China’s Joyo (At that time Joyo was an online bookstore);
In July 2005, Amazon acquired CustomFlix (DVD maker);
In February 2006, Amazon acquired Shopbop ( Women’s fashion shopping site);
In May 2007, Amazon acquired Dpreview (digital camera evaluation site);
In March 2008, Amazon acquired Audible ( Audiobook website);
In July 2009, Amazon acquired Zappos (online shoe store) for 1.2 billion;
In June 2010, Amazon acquired Woot for 110 million US dollars (Group buying website);
In October 2010, Amazon stated that it would acquire European online shopping service website BuyVIP.com to expand its market share in this region. The financial terms of the acquisition were not disclosed. Greg Greeley, Amazon's vice president of European retail, said that buying BuyVIP.com is an excellent supplement to Amazon's European business and provides another unique way for Amazon customers to find and discover unique and attractive products.
In November 2010, Amazon acquired Quidsi for US$550 million;
In July 2011, Amazon acquired TheBookDepository (online bookstore);
2011 In 2012, Amazon also acquired Lovefilm and Pushbutton;
In March 2012, Amazon acquired KivaSystems, an automated robot company.
In March 2013, Amazon surpassed other local online retailers in Europe to become the most popular and most visited online retailer in Europe.
On April 11, 2014, Amazon acquired the digital comic company comiXology.
On May 16, 2014, Amazon announced a US$20 million investment in Shanghai Meiweiqiqi, starting a strategic plan for fresh food in the Chinese market.
On August 26, 2014, Amazon announced the acquisition of video game streaming service Twitch for US$970 million in cash.
On November 4, 2016, Amazon China announced that Amazon's overseas purchases and Amazon's UK site have been officially docked. Over a million overseas goods from Amazon's UK site have landed on Amazon's overseas purchase stores.
At the end of June 2020, Amazon spent $1.3 billion to acquire the autonomous driving unicorn Zoox. Compared to Zoox's previous estimate of US$3.2 billion, Amazon this time is considered "a big bargain."
Company Management
On February 2, 2021, Amazon founder Jeff Bezos announced that he would step down as chief executive officer (CEO). On July 5, Bezos formally stepped down as CEO and was replaced by Andy Jassy, CEO of Amazon Web Services (Amazon Web Services). Bezos will continue to serve as executive chairman of Amazon's board of directors after leaving office.
Positioning change
First change
Become "the largest bookstore on earth" (1994-1997)
1994 In the summer of last year, Bezos, who resigned from the financial services company DEShaw, decided to establish an online bookstore. Bezos believes that books are the most common products with a high degree of standardization; and the US book market is large and suitable for entrepreneurship. After about a year of preparation, the Amazon website was officially launched in July 1995. In order to compete with offline book giants Barnes&Noble and Borders, Bezos positioned Amazon as "the largest bookstore on earth" (Earth’sbiggestbookstore). To achieve this goal, Amazon has adopted a large-scale expansion strategy, trading huge losses in exchange for business scale. After running fast, it took less than two years for Amazon to go online to the company's listing. When Barnes&Noble launched online shopping in May 1997, Amazon had already established a huge advantage in book online retail. After several confrontations between Amazon and Barnes&Noble, Amazon finally established itself as the largest bookstore.
The second transformation
Become the largest integrated online retailer (1997-2001)
Bezos believes that compared with physical stores, online A very important advantage of retail is that it can provide consumers with a richer selection of products. Therefore, expanding the category of the website and creating an integrated e-commerce to form economies of scale have become Amazon's strategic considerations. Amazon went public in May 1997. Amazon, which has not yet fully established an absolute dominant position in the book online retail market, has begun to expand its product categories. After preliminary supply and market promotion, Amazon's music store was officially launched in June 1998. In just one quarter, Amazon’s music store sales have surpassed CDnow, becoming the largest online music product retailer. Since then, through category expansion and international expansion, Amazon’s slogan has been changed to "the Internet’s No. 1 retailer" by the year 2000.
The third transformation
Become the "most customer-centric company" (2001-present)
Since 2001, apart from promoting itself as the largest In addition to the number of online retailers, Amazon has also established "theworld's most customer-centric company" (theworld's most customer-centric company) as its goal. Since then, building a customer-centric service-oriented enterprise has become Amazon's development direction. To this end, Amazon began large-scale promotion of third-party open platforms (marketplace) in 2001, web services (AWS) in 2002, Prime services in 2005, and outsourced logistics services Fulfillment by Amazon (FBA) to third-party sellers in 2007. In 2010, KDP's predecessor, DigitalTextPlatform (DTP), a self-service digital publishing platform, was launched. Amazon gradually introduced these services, making it beyond the scope of online retailers to become an integrated service provider.