GuangyunSixteenPhotographs
ThesixteenphotographsareTong,Jiang,Zhi,Yu,Crab,Zhen,Mountain,Effect,Fruit,False,Dang,Stem*,Zlat,Liu,Shen,Xianshe.Amongthem*,Tong,Jiang,Zhen,Shan,Dang,Glat,Zlat,Shen,andXianhaveincomingsound,butstop,encounter,crab,effect,fruit,false,andflowhavenoincomingsound.
ShenandXianshe’sentrancetones[p],ZhenandShanshe’sentrancetones[t],Tong,Jiang,Dang,Glat,andZlatshe’sentrancetones[k].
One,two,three,four,etc.arethecrab,mountain,effect,andsaltyshots.Theothertwelveshotsarenotcomplete.Thespecificsituationisasfollows:thegeneralphotoonlyhasthefirstandthirdclass,theJiangphotoonlythesecondclass,thestopphotoonlythethirdclass,theYuphotoonlyhasthefirstandthirdclass,theZhenphotoonlyhasthefirstandthirdclass,thefruitphotohasonlythefirstandthirdclass,andthefalsephotoonlyhasthesecondandthirdclass.ThereareonlyoneandthreeclassesforDangshe,two,three,andfourforGlatshe,oneandthreeforZlatshe,oneandthreeforLiushe,andthirdandthirdforShenshe.Theyspecificallyinclude
1.TongsheincludesDongdongzhong (Liftingflattogoup, vade, andenter.Thesamebelow)
2.JiangShejiang
3.ZhisheZhizhizhiwei(YinShlatyunmuhasnocorrespondinginputsound.Thesamebelow)
4.YusheYuyumodel
5.CrabandQijiaareallgraySacrificetoTaiChuan(thelastfourrhymeshavenocorrespondingPing,ShangShlatrhymes)
6.ZhensheZhenzhenZhenZhenWenxinYuansoulmark
7.ShansheHanhuandeletedShanXianxian
8.XiaoXiaoYaohao,XiaoXiao
9.GuosheGege
10.Fakeshem*p
11.DangSheYangTang
12.GlatSheGlatGlatQingqing
13.ZlatSheZhlatDlat
14.LiuSheYouHouyou
p>15.Shensheinvasion
16.XianshetantalksaboutsaltTiantianXianxiantitleYanfan
Press:latergenerations will most of theYuanBubelongedtoShanshe, according to""GuangYun" shouldbetakenintoZhen.
ResearchonMedievalFoley
Tongshe
DongandDonghavenodifferencesinMandarinsincetheSongDynastyandinmodernChinesedialects,although"PingShuiYun"Thetworhymesarejuxtaposed,buttheycannotbedistinguishedinspokenlanguageatthattime.AccordingtoWangLi'sfoliouando,thedifferenceisveryvagueundertheinfluenceoftheŋrhymeending.Iftheopeningdegreeofoisexaggeratedtoem*phasizethedifference,thenthefolkoralliteraturesinceSongCiAllareoutofrhythmanddissonance,soDong(middle:third-classeast),Dong,andZhong(third-classwinter)arecombinedintoonerhyme,andtherhymeismadeu(o).
JiangShe
Thisisauniquerhymephoto,anditisalsoastrangerhymephoto.Jiangwasclassifiedasasecond-classrhymebytheotherrhymefamilybutreceivedthesamesecond-classrhymeswiththesamerhymeending.(Glat,Glat)Differentphotos.JiangYongsaid:"First-classHongda,second-classsecond-larger,threeandfourarefine,andfourarem*orefine."AccordingtoTangZuofan's"PhonologyTutorial",heexplained:"'Hongda'ispronouncedwithalowertonguepositionthanthelatter.…Theso-called"fine"meansthatthetonguepositionishigherwhenpronounced."Infact,rhymeswithahightonguepositionlike"Dong"arealsoclassifiedasthefirstclass.Itcanbeseenthattheleadingroleisthefrontandbackratherthanthehighandlow.Butitisverycontradictory.Mostphonologistshavesimulatedthem*ainvowelof"JiangYun"as/ɔ/.AccordingtoWangLi’sestimation,inancienttimes,waitingcallsweredistinguishedbythepresenceorabsenceofmesophonesandhowthesoundvaluesofmesophonesweredistinguished.LiFangguietal.evenbelievedthattheinitial“mediumsound”actuallyevolvedfromtheconsonantconsonants.of.BasedonthesituationofmodernMandarin,Hakkaandotherdialects,theauthordecidedtousee-medium(correspondingtotheco-acousticmedialø,whichistransformedaccordingtodifferentvowels)asthem*arkofsecond-classrhyme.Inthisway,nomatterwhatthevowelis,thesecond-classrhymem*ustbem*orethanone.Waitforthesoundofthetongueatthefront,whichisinlinewiththetheoryof"Hong,Xi".Therefore,thepronunciationof"Jiang"isproposedtobe:/øaŋ/,whichretainsthesecond-classcharacteristicsandisdifferentfromGlatandGlat,andisconsistentwiththepronunciationofmodernMandarindialects.
Stopphoto
Thisisacontradictoryrhymephoto.Accordingtoprinciple1,Zhi,Zhi,andZhishouldbeseparated.However,sincetheTangDynastyofficiallypromulgatedthe"QieYun"single-useandcombinedstyle,thereisnoactualdifferencebetweenthesethreerhymes,andthereisnooneinmoderndialects.Thefewrem*ainingsignscanprovethattheseparationof"QieYun"isjustified.Inordertocompromisethiscontradiction,IsuggesttoseparatethesethreerhymeswhenreadingancientChineseproseandlaterarchaicprose,andcombinethesethreerhymeswhenreadingmodernpoem*s.Thespecificplanis:ancientsoundopening-branch/ie/,fat/i/, /iə/, antiquisoundhekou-branch/iue/,Zhi/(i)ui/(ofnohekou),repeatitoem*phasize thatitisrhymeAbdomen, reade et leviter, and processthem*intoarhymeending;propin- clusum ramum, pingue, 之/i/ /.Weiyunem*phasizes the third-classinmediate soni, and referstothem*oderndialectasiəi,iuəi(yəi).
Yushe
AlthoughYuandYustillhavesporadicdifferencesinmoderndialects(forexample,"number"and"suo"arestillseparatedinmostdialects),thesoundTheoppositionofpositionsisbasicallygone.Therefore,imitatingTongshem*ergesthem*ainvowelsoffish,yu,andmointo/u/,andthethirdgradeisiu,(theopeningdegreeofuiniumustbestrictlycontrolledtoavoidconfusionwiththethirdgradeofLiushe,andtoensurethatitisconsistentwiththefirstgrade.Theharmonyofrhyme).
XieShe
.
1)ThecombinationofHuiyun(first-classrhyme)andBianyunrhymeinPingshuirhymeshowsthatthepronunciationofthesetworhymesisverysimilar,butinmoderndialects,Thepronunciationofgrayrhymeisgenerallythinner,anditdoesn'tmatchtheɒi(oroi)oftherhymeatall.Forexample:
TheeastwindbreaksthroughtheearlyplumblossomsandopenstowardsNuanyi.Nooneseesiceandsnow,andspringcomesfromthesky.
Peoplewhoarenotfamiliarwiththestandardmetricwillprobablynotthinkthatthecharacter"梅"inthefirstsentenceofthispoem*willbeinrhyme.Originally,accordingtotheonomatopoeiaofphonologists,thegrayvowelisuɑiandthe咍rhymeisɑi.Thiscansolvetheproblem*ofnotpressingrhymes.However,inmoderndialects,thesecond-classrhyminggoodandjiearegenerallyusedasuaiinmoderndialects.,Howbigisthedifferencebetweenuaianduɑi?Howmanypeoplecandistinguishclearly?Inthepreviousarticle,itwasdecidedtousem*edialsoundasthem*arkofsecond-classrhyme,butsoundslikeeaiandʊaiaretoostrangeafterall,andtherearenosuchexamplesinvariousdialects.Inlinewithprinciplethree,trynottoperformmajorsurgeryonthearchaicsoundframereservedinMandarinandHakkadialects.Becauseofthenon-mainstreamonomatopoeia,thegrayrhymeisusedasɒi(orɔi).Inthisway,gray,gray,Swastikacanberhymed,althoughitisnotharmoniousenough,butwhocansaythattheeleganttoneoftheancientsisnotinthisform?Thinkaboutit,howcanuɒibecomeui(oruei).Correspondingly,therhymeof咍isofcourseɒi(ɔi).
2)JiaandJiem*erged.Them*odernphoneticdifferencebetweenthetworhymesismainlyreflectedinthepartofthecharacterthatJiayunturnedtoFake.Imitatestopphoto,thegoodrhymeoftheancientsoundsisnotdifferentiated,thesamestreetrhymeisusedasiaioruai;thepseudo-rhymecharactersthatdifferentiateintothefalsephotoareia,ua,ifnecessarytoem*phasizethesource,youcanaddtheendoftherhymel,asial,ual.
3) QiYun (quarti genus) referttomoderndialectum, inuocationis uiscus, apertio, et clausurae (øi).
4)Sacrifice,Thai,Chu,andabolishment.Accordingtothedistributionoftherhymediagram,thesacrificeisinterpretedasthethirdclassofQi,asiei,iuei(yei);thesamegenerationofTai;thesamestranger;thewastecanberegardedasthethirdclassofstrange.Ifitisnecessarytodistinguish,youcanprolongthepronunciationandpronouncetheendoftherhymeiclearly.
Zhenshe
1) Zhen, Zhen, and Zhenare combinedin-onerhyme, theabdomenisiore, theopeningisin(t)en(t), theclosedmouthis(i)Uint/(i)uen(t).
2)TherhymesofWen,Xin,Hun,&Henareallə(ɤ), but them*edialsoundsofWenandHunareveryloud /un(t),textiuən(t)/iun(t).
Shanshe,Xianshe
Thisproposalconsidersthatthetwo-shotvowelsystem*isneatandsymmetrical,andthedifferenceisonlyintheendoftherhyme.
1)Han,Tanɒn(t),ɒm(p)
2) Huan,Tanɔn(t),ɔm(p)--thetworhymesinWuChineseareHekou,HuanhekouandTankouinMandarin,accipeɔprimum,et ipsa pronunciatio- nes non debet esse stricte typhonicasymbolas, sed libere mutari.
3) Mons (deletethesame) titulus(Xiantong)ean(t),eam(p)-therhymeof the mountain(delete)combined with them*outhandimitates the good, allisuan, which is the oppositeofHuanYun.
4)Yuan,Yan(fan)iɐn(t),iɐm(p)--YuanandXianareallthird-classrhymes,butLuFayan's
5) Xian, saltiɛn(t), iɛm(p)--Xianhekouiuɛn(yɛn), pleaserefertothepreviousarticleforinstructions.
6)Xian,Tianɛn/en(t),ɛm/em*(p)--Thisisthefourth-classrhymeoftheEightClassicsofZhlater.AccordingtoLiRong'sonomatopoeia,theabdomenisregardedase,However,thispronunciationistoo"fine"andcannotbem*atchedwiththefirst-andsecond-classrhymesorthethird-classrhymessuchasYuanandYan.Inordertotakeintoaccounttheancientandmodernsounds,theprimitivetypeofthefourth-classrhymeisassumedtobeɛ.Firstlymake (uɛn)œen, half-lowfrontvowelslikeɛecaneasilyabsorb-ecaneasilyabsorbthe front-lipmedials sonat et mergethem*intoa-lipvowel.
Effectphoto
1)Haoɒu
2) Disha: u
3)宵iɛu
4) Xiaoɛu(eu)
Guoshe
Therhymebellyisintendedtobeɔorɒwithalowerroundedlip.Equaliuɔ(yɔ)
Falsephoto
Second-levelopen(e)a-them*edialsoundisretainedafterthethroatinitials,andthem*edialsoundsarerem*ovedforotherinitials
Heua
Thethirdclassisopeniă--note:therhymeoftheancientcarisstillaccuratetothissound,notdifferentiated
Heiua(ya)
DangPhoto
Firstclassopenɒŋ(k)firstclassu(k)Thirdclassopeni(k)Tirdclassopeniuɒŋ(k)(yɒŋ(k))
Stem*Photo
1)GlatGlatwiththesecond-classopeningɛŋ(k)thethird-classopeningiɛŋ(k)thesecond-classopeningœŋ(k)thethird-classopeningiœŋ(k)(thereasonfortheabsorptionofround-lipmedialsounds(Detailedabove)--BecausethefourrhymesofGlatsheinmoderndialectsandmoderndialectscanbeco-hybridized,andGlatandGlatareneverinconjunctionwithDangshe,itisbelievedthattherhymesofGlatandGlathavebeentransformedintopre-gaohua/ɛ/mayalsochangetherhyme,suchasHakkaasn ,ChineseandVietnameseasɳ
2)Qingieŋ(k)iueŋ(k)/(yeŋ(k))青eŋ(k),quia Harmonicssound system*atis credit quod Qing et Qingrhymes eandem*ebelly, and Qingisthe third classrhymeofQing.
Steaming
Openoneəŋ(k)Openthreeiəŋ(k)simulOneuəŋ(k)coniungi cum threeiuəŋ(k)(yəŋ(k))-payattentiontothedifference beweenthewordcolloquialandthephoto.
Liushe
YouLiuheisonerhymefirstclassəuthirdclassiəu
deepphoto
iəm(p)/im(P)
AncientFoleyResearch
Tong:uongyongongiong
Jiang:ɯong
Tantum: ie/yei/yiiəi/yəi
Occursum: uo/yoio
Cancri: əi/uiai/uai
e/ɯueɯei/ɯueiɯai/uai
iei/yeiiai/yai
ei / uei
Zhen: n/un
in/yiniən/yən
Mons: an / uan
an/uanɯen/uen
ian/yanien/yen
en/uen
Effectus: au
au
ieu
eu
Fructus: a / ua
a/ua
ia/ya(GuoSanandMaSanhavenoopposition,theyarebasedonthedifferentiationoftonguerootsoundandtonguetoothsound,andcanbecombined)
Dang:ang/uang
iang/yang
Culmus: ɯang/ɯuanglat/ɯlat
iang/yangilat/ylat
lat
Sem*el: ng / uəng
i.ng
Amnis: u
iəuiu
Profunda: im
Salty：Əmam
amɯem*
iam/yamiem*
em*