Развој
Countriesintheworldregardthedevelopmentofnewmaterialsasanimportantaspectofeconomicdevelopmentandtechnologicalprogress.Variousnewtextilefibersareusedasimportantmaterialsintoday'shigh-techfields.Theglobalmarketfornewfiberproductsexceeds100billionU.S.dollarsandhasbecomeoneofthenew"strategicpillarindustries"inthetextileindustry.
Thenewtextilefiberindustryhasthecharacteristicsofhightechnologycontent,largemarketscale,wideindustrycoverage,andsignificantpullingeffect.Atthesametime,thenewgenerationofnewfibertechnologyisalsoanimportantpartofthedevelopmentofemergingindustriesduringmycountry's"TwelfthFive-YearPlan"period.Vigorouslydevelopthenewtextilefiberindustryandachievebreakthroughsinkeytechnologiesandindustries,whichwillhelpenhancethecorecompetitivenessofmycountry'stextileindustryandpromoteindustrialtransformation.Theupgradeisofgreatsignificance.
Newfibersusedinknitwearindustryaccountedfor80%,andhouseholdtextilesaccountedfor20%.mycountry'snewfibermarketisnotonlylarge,buttheaverageprofitrateofitsproductsisrelativelyhigh,1-2timesthatofpurecottonproducts.Sinceitsmainproductionmaterialisanewtypeoffiber,thehugefluctuationsincottonpriceshavebasicallynegligibleimpactoncorporateprofits.Allrelevantenterprisesshouldpayattentiontothedevelopmentofnewtextilefiberindustrywhileimprovingthetextilefiberindustrychain,scientificallygraspthetrendandrhythmoftechnologicaldevelopment,anddeployhigh-techresearchinadvance,andstrivetorealizetheleapfromfollowingdevelopmenttoleadingdevelopmentinmycountry’stextileindustry.
Преглед
Цонцептуалфеатурес
1.Definition:Fiberisanaturalorsyntheticfilamentoussubstance,andtextilefiberreferstowhatisusedtoweavecloth.fiber.
2.Characteristicsoftextilefiber:textilefiberhasacertainlength,fineness,elasticity,strengthandothergoodphysicalproperties.Italsohasgoodchemicalstability.Forexample,naturalfiberssuchascotton,wool,silkandhempareidealtextilefibers.
Основна класификација
Textilefiberclassification:naturalfiberandchemicalfiber.
①Naturalfibersincludeplantfibers,animalfibersandmineralfibers.
Влакна од биљака као што су памук, конопља, воћна влакна.
БАнимална влакна као што су вуна, зечја длака, свила.
Цминералфиберсуцхасасбестос.
②Chemicalfibersincluderegeneratedfibers,syntheticfibersandinorganicfibers.
АРегенерисана влакна као што су вискозна влакна, ацетатна влакна.
БС синтетичка влакна као што су: најлон, полиестер, акрил, спандекс, винилон, полипропилен, полихлорид
Цинорганска влакна као што су: стаклена влакна, метална влакна итд.
4.Текстилна својства обичних текстилних влакана:
(1)Вуна: апсорпција влаге, еластичност, носивост су добри, нису отпорни на инсекте, боје које везују киселину и метал.
(2) Свила: добра апсорпција влаге, прозрачност, сјај и носивост, погодна за киселине и директне боје.
(3) Памук: прозрачан, упија влагу, носивост, отпоран на инсекте, погодан за директне, редукцијске, азо, алкалне, сумпорне и реактивне боје.
(4)Вискозна влакна: хигроскопност, добра пропусност ваздуха, светла боја, широки извори сирових материјала, ниска цена, природна природна влакна, применљиве боје су исти памук.
(5) Полиестер: тканина, крута, хладна, добро задржавање облика, отпорност на хабање, стабилност димензија, лако се пере, суши, погодно за дисперзиране боје, диазодисперседне боје, растворљиве боје.
(6) Најлон: посебно добра отпорност на хабање, слаба ваздушна пропусност, погодна за киселе и масне боје.
(7) Акрилна влакна: добро пухасто, крзнено, погодно за дисперзоване боје и катјонске боје.
(8) Винилон: Најбоља апсорпција влаге, обично се користи у ужадима, рибарским мрежама итд.
(9) Полипропилен: најлакша текстура, отпоран на хабање, издржљив и без куглица.
(10) Хлор: напомене за лако сагоревање, често коришћено плетено доње рубље, плиш, индустријска филтарска тканина, радна одећа итд.
(11)Спандекс:највећа еластичност,велико издуживање,високаеластичност,често коришћене уске,али није обојено и има најмању чврстоћу.
Идентификација
Идентификацијаmethod
Theidentificationmethodsincludehandfeel,visualinspection,combustionmethod,microscopemethod,dissolutionmethod,drugcoloringmethodandinfraredspectroscopy,etc..Inactualidentification,itisoftennecessarytousemultiplemethodstoobtainresultsaftercomprehensiveanalysisandresearch.
Идентификацијаsteps
A.First,usethecombustionmethodtoidentifynaturalfibersandchemicalfibers.
B.Ifitisanaturalfiber,usemicroscopeobservationtoidentifyvarioustypesofplantfiberandanimalfiber.Ifitisachemicalfiber,thedifferenceinmeltingpoint,specificgravity,refractiveindex,andsolubilityofthecombinedfiberwillbedistinguishedonebyone.
C.Whenidentifyingblendedfibersandblendedyarns,amicroscopecangenerallybeusedtoconfirmthatitcontainsseveralfibers,andthenuseappropriatemethodstoidentifythemonebyone.
D.Fordyedorfinishedfibers,dyeingstrippingorotherappropriatepretreatmentsaregenerallyrequiredtoensurereliableidentificationresults.
Recommendationofportablemicroscopeformicroscopyidentificationmethod
Comparedwiththetraditionalidentificationtooldesktopmicroscope,theidentificationoftextilefiberscanonlybelimitedtotheexperiment,butnotuniversalFactoryworkshops,farms,andtradedeliverysites,whiletheinspectionandidentificationoftextilefibersaregenerallycarriedouton-siteidentificationinfactoriesorfarms.PortablemicroscopesarenowmainlyAnytyportablemicroscopes,whosecuttingcangivetextilefibersThedetectionandidentificationprovidethelateston-sitedetectionandidentificationresults.
Thevaluebroughtbytheon-sitemicroscopetotextileidentification:
1.Datasharing;AnytyportablemicroscopeisgenerallyintegratedWiththefunctionofdigitalimaging,thedataobservedbythemicroscopecanbepresentedtoallpeoplepresentatthesametime,facilitatingdiscussionandcommunication.
2.Portabilityandsimpleoperation;Anytyportablemicroscopehasstrongportability,easytocarry,andsimpleoperation,whichcanbreakthroughthelimitationsoftimeandspace,andcanbecarriedoutinrealtimeinanyoccasionObservationisdifferentfromtheimmovabilityoftraditionalmicroscopes.
3.Inheritance,becausetheAnytyportablemicroscopehasthefunctionoftakingphotosandvideos,theimagesdetectedatanytimeandanywherecanbestoredandbackedup,Theidentificationresultofeachpicturecanbecomeanaccumulationofexperience,andprovidereferencematerialsforthenextappraiser!
Карактеристике сагоревања
Својства сагоревања обичних влакана:
Thenear-flamephenomenonoffibersintheflamewillsmellashesafterleavingtheflame
Theflameburnsandburns.Thereisafterglow.Burningpapersmell.Ashesarerarelyfineandsoft.Greyblackflocculent
Thehairmeltsawayfromtheflameandmeltsandburns.Itisdifficulttoburnandself-extinguishing.Fragile
Thesilkmeltsawayfromtheflame.Thesilksoundisdifficulttocontinueburningandself-extinguishing.Singeingtasteisfragileandbrittle.Fluffyblackparticles.
Nylonsoftensandshrinks.Blueflame.Flavorlightbrowntransparentroundbead-likenoteasytobreak
Полиестер у близини пламена, који се топи, капље, мехурићи, наставља да гори, слаб мирис, чврсто црна, светлобраон, напомена за лако пуцање
Сагоревање, брзо сагоревање, прскање, зачински укус, крхко, неправилно, тамнобраон, блоковско или сферично, ломљиво
Метод израчунавања
Текстилна влакна,прорачун финоће предива:
Систем фиксне дужине:
TEX:Theweightofa1000-meter-lengthyarnataconstantmoistureregainiscalledaspecialnumber.
Формула:ТЕКС=(Г/Л)*1000
где је: тежина предива (грами) и листа дужине пређе (метри)
Дениер(Дениер):Тежина софа дужине 9000 метара даној влажности се поново назива дениер.
Формула:НТЕКС=(Г/Л)*9000
где: тежина предива (грами) и листа дужине свиле (метри)
Систем константне тежине:
Метрички рачун (јавни рачун): дужина 1 грама предива (свила) у метрима, који је јавни рачун предива (свила).А
Формула:НМ=Л/Г
Где: дужина (јарди) предива (свила), и тежина (лбс) предива (свиле)
p>Инцхцоунт(Енглисхцоунт):Тхенумбероф840иардсинленгтхоф1поундофиарнистхеБритисхцоунтофтхеиарн.
Формула:НЕ=(Л/Г)*840
где: дужина предива (свила) (метри), и тежина предива (свила) (грами))
Цоммонравматериалс
Чиста памучна предива:36ТЕКС(16С),28ТЕКС(21С),18*2ТЕКС(32С/2),15ТЕКС(40С),14*2ТЕКС(42С/2),10*2ТЕКС(60С/2)
Развојstatus
Chinaisabigcountryintheproductionandexportoftextiles.Afteryearsofdevelopment,theChinesetextileindustryhasaverycompetitiveadvantage.Obviously,withtheworld'smostcompleteindustrialchain,thehighestlevelofprocessingandsupportingfacilities,theself-adjustmentabilityofmanydevelopedindustrialclusterstorespondtomarketriskshasbeencontinuouslyenhanced,whichprovidesasolidguaranteefortheindustrytomaintainasteadypaceofdevelopment.
Fromtheperspectiveoftheinternationalenvironment,thereisstillmuchroomandopportunityforexpansionintheinternationalmarket.WiththeexpirationofChina-EUtextilequotasattheendof2007andtheendofChina-UStextilequotasattheendof2008,theeraofquota-freetextilesinChinaisapproaching,andregionsthataccountformorethan60%oftheglobaltextilemarketwillbefullyopenedup,whichwillbringtoChina'stextiletrade.Greatopportunity.Inthenextfewyears,theworldeconomywillstillbeintherisingrange,whichwillsurelypromotethegrowthofinternationaltrade,whichwillbringfavorableinternationalmarketprotectiontothegrowthofChina'stextileandapparelexports.
Fromtheperspectiveofthedomesticeconomicenvironment,domesticdemandwillbecomeanimportantdrivingforceforindustrygrowth.About80%ofChinesetextilesareconsumeddomestically.Withthesustainedandrapidgrowthofthedomesticeconomy,thesteadyincreaseinresidents'incomewillstimulatethefurtherdevelopmentofthedomesticdemandmarket.
Chinesetextilecompaniesshouldovercomethedifficultiesofrisingrawmaterials,appreciationoftherenminbiandadjustmentofexporttaxrebates,seizeopportunitiesinthedevelopmentofthetextileindustry,increaseindustrialconcentration,curbtheblindexpansionofinefficientproductioncapacity,andincreasespecialtyindustriesTheconstructionoftheparkwillstrengthenthepaceofindependentinnovation,enhancethebrandbuildingofChina'stextileindustry,andcarryoutindustrialadjustmentsandupgrades.MakeChinafromatextilepowertoatextilepower.
Питања и одговори
П: Шта је концепт могућности окретања фибера?
Answer:Textilefibersarerelatedtoyarnqualityandspinningdifficulty.Thecomprehensivephysicalpropertiesarecalledspinnability.Undernormalproductionconditions,thebetterthespinnabilityofthefiber,thebetterthequalityoftheyarn,andtheeasierthespinningprocess.Thespinningmethodsaredifferent,thequalityofthespunyarnandtherequirementsforthespinnabilityofthefiberarealsodifferent.Thespinnabilityofmodernspinningyarnsisevaluatedbasedonproductqualityandtechnicalandeconomicindicators.Thevariousindividualphysicalpropertiesofthefiberalludetoitsspinnability.
Length:Whenthenaturalfiberislongandtheregularityisgood,theyarnhashighstrength,uniformevenness,smoothsurfaceandlesshairiness.Lengthisanimportantfactorindeterminingspinnability.Inadditiontothelengthofthemainbody,theshortfibercontenthasagreaterimpactonthestrengthofthespunyarnandtheuniformityofthesliver.Thelengthanduniformityofchemicallycutfibercanbecontrolled.Toolonglengthwillnotimprovethequalityoftheyarn,butwillcauseprocessingdifficultiesandincreaseyarndefects.
Fineness:finefiber,uniformyarnevennessandhighstrength.Butthefiberistoothin,thefiberiseasytotwistandformneps,nepsandotherdefectsduringprocessing.Thefiberisthick,thefabricisstiff,abrasion-resistantandelastic.Forrelativelycoarsenaturalfiberssuchaswoolandhemp,finenessisthemainfactordeterminingspinnability.Woolfibersdeterminetheirspinnablecountsaccordingtotheirdiameter.Finenessisalsothemainbasisforwoolgradeassessment.
Strength:Itisthemostimportantfactorthatdeterminesthestrengthoftheyarn.Whenotherconditionsremainunchanged,thehigherthefiberstrength,thehighertheyarnstrength.
Impuritiesanddefects:Impuritiesanddefectsaffectthespinningprocessandproductquality.Althoughthereareimpurityremovalmeasuresinthespinningprocess,theimpurityremovalprocesswillcausefurthersplittingofimpuritiesandnewdefects.Therefore,thehigherthecontentofimpuritydefectsintherawmaterial,theworsethespinnability.
Sugar,cottonwaxincottonfiber,hempglueinhempfiber,etc.willaffectthespinnabilityofthefiber,therebyaffectingthespinningprocessandproductquality.
Fibercrimping,fiberfrictionandelectricalconductivitywillaffectthespinnabilityofthefiber.
П: Који је принцип дозирања памука?
Answer:Therulesforbatchinglintcottonaremoredetailed.Thebatchtype,ginningmethod,mainbodygrade,lengthgrade,andmainmicronaireleveloflintcottonshouldbethesame.Thetypeherereferstowhitecotton,yellowcotton,andgraycotton;theginningmethodreferstorollercottonandserratedcotton.
Theoriginalstandardstipulates:"Inthesamebatchofcotton,34%ofadjacentgradecottonisallowed.Whenthisnumberisexceeded,itshallbepricedseparately."Inordertoimprovethequalityofcotton,thenewstandardstipulates:"Inthesamebatchofcotton,cottonthatcrossesthemaingradeisnotallowed;theproportionofcottonofthegradeadjacenttothemaingradeshallnotexceed20%.Thosewhodonotconformshouldbesortedoutornegotiated."Thenewstandardabolishestheunreasonable"34/66"regulationsoftheoriginalstandard,whichisalsooneofthemajorreformsofthenewstandard.
Here,"Thosewhodonotmatchshouldbesortedoutornegotiatedanddealtwith"herefortwosituations.Forapairofvisainspections,whencottonbatchesareassembled,iftheinspectionfindsthatthegradedoesnotmeettherequirementsofthenewstandard,itshouldbesortedoutsothatthebatchofcottongradescanmeetthestandardrequirementsbeforethecertificatecanbegroupedandapproved.Forexample,themaingradeisgradethree,andgradetwoandgradefourcottonareallowed,andthesumofgradetwoandgradefourshallnotexceed20%.Inthisbatchofcotton,nogradesotherthangradetwo,threeandfourareallowedOfcotton.Whenthecottoncertificateisissued,oncethereisacross-subjectgradeofcottonorthesumofthesecondandfourthgradesexceeds20%,itisrequiredtopickupandarrangetomakethebatchofcottongrademeetthestandardrequirements.Second,foruserinspection,iftheuser'sinspectionfindsthatthequalityofcottondoesnotmeetthestandardqualityrequirements,itshouldbedealtwiththroughconsultationwiththesupplier.Ofcourse,ifthenegotiationfails,youcanapplytoaprofessionalfiberinspectionagencyforinspection,andtheinspectioncertificateissuedbytheprofessionalfiberinspectionagencyshallprevail.
Batchofcottoncanbecertificatedseparately,andthecottonafterthecertificateiscalculatedaccordingtotheinspectionresultsoftheoriginalcertificate.Itisnotappropriatetoagreebetweenbatches.Whenacertificateisrequiredforsporadiccotton,thetype,ginningmethod,mainbodygrade,lengthgradeandmainmicronairelevelmustbethesame.Thedifferenceinmoistureregainbetweenthebagandtheroomisnomorethan1%,andthedifferenceinimpuritycontentisnomorethan0.5%.Alltheaboveconditionsmustbemetbeforethecertificationcanbecombined,otherwisethecertificationcannotbecombined.Themoistureregainrateandimpuritycontentrateaftercertificationarecalculatedaccordingtotheweightedaverageofthenetweight.
П: Како смањити трошкове састављања памука?
Answer:Intermsofequipment:maintainingthenormalmechanicalstateofeachprocessistocorrectlyhandlethecontradictionbetweenimprovingqualityandsavingcottonImportantpremise.Especiallyforthecontradictionbetweennepsandimpuritiesandsavingcotton,the"fivequickandonestandard"cardingandneedlegrindingoperationmethodmustbemaintained.Thisisanextremelyimportantbasicworkthatmustbepaidcloseattentiontofrequently.Inaddition,strengtheningthenoiltestandtimelyoverhaulingthecleaningandcardingnoilmachineinresponsetothenoilsituationisalsoaregularmeasuretosavecottonfromtheaspectofequipment.
Интермсофцрафтсмансхип
1.Improvethecleaningefficiencyandnoilcontentrateofeachblowerandcardingmachine.Thenoilcontentrateofthecleaningmachines(exceptthecottonboxmachinery)isrequiredtobecontrolledatmorethan60%.Ifitislow,therewillbewhitening.Thecleaningefficiencyofthecleaningmachineisrequiredtoreach65%,andthenoilmixingrateofthecarbellyafterthecardingmachineisrequiredtoreach40%.Ifitislow,therewillbewhitening.Thetotalremovalefficiencyofthecardingmachineisrequiredtoreach92%ormore.Ifitfailstomeettherequirements.Measuresmustbetakentoimprovetheprocessandmachinery.
2.Accordingtotheperformanceofrawcotton,thecleaningandcardingcanbearthenoilreasonably.Ifthematurityoftherawcottonisgood,thefinenessisrelativelythick,therearefewsmalldefectsandalotofcoarseimpurities,itissuitableforclearingthecottonwithmorefall:cardedcottonhaslessfall;onthecontrary,iftherawcottonhaspoormaturity,fineness,andmanysmallimpuritiesbutfewlargeimpurities,Thecleaningcottonshouldnotbedroppedtoomuch,itisbettertocardthecottontoomuch.
3.Reducetheproductionofshortlintintheprocessesofcleaning,combing,sliveringandthickening.Shortlintisproducedduringthegrowthofcottonandbadginningprocess,butitwillcontinuetobeproducedduringthevariousprocessesofcottonspinning.Thecleaningprocessproducesabout1%,andthecardingprocessproducesabout3%.ThisisNormalphenomenon,iftoomuchlintisproducedduetopoormechanicalconditionandimproperprocessdesign(eveninthethicksliverprocess),itwillcausetoomuchflying,increaseinslubs,deteriorationofsliver,andyarnbreakageIncreasesandotherills,whichaffecttheoutput,qualityandcostoftheproduct.Therefore,itisnecessarytostudyhowtoreducetheincreaserateofshortlintasmuchaspossibleinthevariousprocessesofcottonspinning,andmainlygraspthefollowingtwolinksintermsofmechanicalconditions:(1)Theblowandcardingelementsoftheblowingandcardingmachinesaresharpandsmooth.,Thedistanceiscorrect;(2)Reducethechanceofsqueezing,returningandhittingback.
Интермсофоператион
Startingfromcleaningandunpacking,whethertheoperationsofeachprocessandeachtypeofworkarecarriedoutinaccordancewiththeoperatingprocedures,notonlyforthequality,butalsowithThecostimpactisgreat.Forexample,excessivebloomingisoftencausedbypooroperation,whichwillincreasethecostoflaborandpower.Whenchemicalfiberandpurecottonareblended,thecorrectcontrolofthespecifiedblendingratioisoftenrelatedtotheoperation.Iftheblendedproductsandpurecottonproductsareaccidentallymixed,causingqualityaccidents,theproblemisevenmoreserious.
У третману отпадног памука
Reuseandreusecottonreasonably.Replacerawcottonwithreusedcotton,whichisoneoftheimportantwaystoreducethecostofcotton.Theso-calledrationalreuseandreuseofcotton,firstlyreferstotheneedtobeprocessed,andsecondlyreferstotheamountofrecycledcottontobecontrolled,soasnottoaffectthequality.Generally,theimpurities,harmfuldefects,neps,linters,etc.inthereusedcottonareproperlyremovedbeforereuse.Somecanbereusedintheoriginalexpenditure,andmostcanbereducedandreused.Thisincludesneedle-cutting,combingnoil,net-bellyflowerthatcanbereusedforlow-thicknessyarn,top-qualitybrokenseeds,etc.Whenarrangingtheplan,asmallnumberofmachinescanbeusedtospincoarseyarnorsub-brandyarn,sothatthereusedcottonproducedbytheenterprisecanbereusedintheenterpriseasmuchaspossible,whichwillreducetheamountanduseofcottonusedbytheentireenterpriseCottoncostsarebeneficial.
Strictlymanagethetemperatureandhumidityoftheprivateroom.Thetimeandfrequencyofmoistureregaindeterminationshouldbedeterminedaccordingtothepackagingtimeandfrequency,especiallyinthecaseofhighatmospherichumidity.Boththeelectricmoistureregainmeterandthescalemustbecheckedfrequently,andadedicatedpersonshallberesponsiblefortheweighing.Itisalsoveryimportanttomeasureandcorrectthefixedlengthoftheyarnframe.Dotheaboveworktoavoidweightloss.
Q:Howabouttheperformancetestandspinnabilityofnaturalcoloredcotton?
Answer:Althoughnaturalcoloredcottonhasalonghistoryofplanting,itisduetoitslowyieldandfiberlength.Duetoshortcomingsandlowstrength,thedevelopmenthasbeenslowforalongtime.Inrecentyears,withhumanbeingsadvocatingenvironmentalprotection,healthandenergyconservation,asmoderngeneticengineeringtechnologyiswidelyusedinbreedingtechnology,thecomprehensivequalityofnaturalcoloredcottonhasbeensignificantlyimprovedandimproved.
Onthewhole,themicronairevalueofnaturalcoloredcottonvarietiesislower,thefinenessisfiner,andthebreakingstrengthislower.Thecontentofneps,cottondustandimpuritiesareobviouslyhigher,butthereisnoobviousdifferenceinmaturity;mostofXinjiangnaturalcoloredcottonhasgoodphysicalandmechanicalpropertiesandcomprehensivequality,andhasgoodspinnability.
Amongthefournewcolorcottonvarietiesthathavebeenfinalized,thebrownlineXinCaimianNo.1andthegreenlineXinCaimianNo.3havegoodlength,fineness,lengthuniformityandmaturity.Thequalityisbetter,thespinnabilitycoefficientishigher,andthespinnabilityisbetter.
ThebestphysicalandmechanicalpropertiesofXinjiangnaturalcoloredcottonisZayou224.Exceptfortheimpurityanddustcontenthigherthanordinarywhitecotton,theotherindicatorsareclosetoorbetterthanordinarywhitecotton.Inparticular,the2.5%spanlengthindexofthefiberisnotonlysuperiortoordinarywhitecottonvarieties,butalsoclosetonewvarietiesofwhitecotton,whichhasgoodcomprehensivequalityandspinnability.
ThepooreroverallqualityofXinjiangnaturalcoloredcottonisGreen402.Itsfiberlengthistheshortest,thelengthistheworst,theshortfibercontentbelow16mmisthehighest,thestrengthisthelowest,thequalityispoor,andthespinnabilityisbetter.Low,needsfurtherimprovement.
Repeatwashingprocesscandeepenthecolorofnaturalcoloredcotton.Browncottonhasamoreuniformcolorthangreencotton.Whenexposedtosunlight,thecolorofbrowncottonwilldeepen,whilegreencottonwillfade.
П: Да ли ће хемијска влакна заменити природна влакна?
Answer:Cotton,hemp,silk,andwool,asthefourmajornaturalfibersinthetraditionalsense,havebeenusedinthehistoryofclothing.Thousandsofyearsofhistory.Beforethe1980s,naturalfibersstillmonopolizedthehigh-endapparelfabricmarket.However,sincethelate1980s,thestatusofsyntheticfiberproductshasgraduallyincreasedduetoimprovementsintheperformanceofchemicalfibers,especiallysyntheticfiberfabrics,intermsofthermal,wetcomfort,handfeel,glossandappearance.Theappearanceandwearabilityofsomechemicalfiberimitationcotton,silkandwoolproductsaresimilartothoseofnaturalfiberfabrics,andsomewearpropertiesareevenbetterthannaturalfibers.Therefore,itisdeeplylovedbyconsumers.Therapidgrowthofchemicalfiberproductionhascausedtheproportionofnaturalfibertodecline,butitstillaccountsformorethanhalfoftheproportion.
Willnaturalfibersbegraduallyreplacedbychemicalfibers?Infact,consumerspsychologicallyprefernaturalfibers.Aslongastheperformanceisnotlowerthanchemicalfiberproducts,consumerswillchoosenaturalfiberproducts.However,naturalfabricscannotstayattheoriginallevelofdevelopment.Naturalfiberfabricsarebeingimprovedanddevelopedfromthefollowingaspects.
1.Genemutationandperformanceimprovement:Thecombinationofnaturalfibersandgeneticengineeringhaschangedthetruecolorsofnaturalfibers,expandedtheapplicationrangeoffibers,andincreasedtheircompetitivenesswithchemicalfibers.Forexample;throughhybridization,geneticmutationandothermeans,developedcoloredcottonwithnaturallightyellow,green,pinkandothercolors;theShanghaiInstituteofPlantPhysiologyandEcology,ChineseAcademyofSciencesusedkeratingenesisolatedfromrabbitstotransferintocotton.Thecottonfiberhasthequalityofrabbithair:thedevelopmentofcoloredwool,RussiaandAustraliahavebredcoloredsheep,thecolorsofwhichare:blue,red,yellowandbrown.Theemergenceofthesecoloredmaterialswillundoubtedlybringrevolutionarychangestothetextileindustry.Mexicohascultivatedanultra-longcottonvarietywithparticularlylongfibers,goodneatness,softtouchandbeautifulluster.Japanisusingthisultra-longfibertomakehigh-endfabricsandclothing.
2.Fiberblendingandimprovedwearability:Duetothedifferentpropertiesofnaturalfibers,man-madefibers,andsyntheticfibers,theyallhavecertainadvantagesanddisadvantages,andtheresourcesofnaturalfibersarelimited.Fiberdrawsonitsstrengthstomakeupforitsweaknesses,greatlyimprovingtheusabilityoftheproduct.Forexample:woolcanbeblendedwithavarietyoffiberstomeetavarietyofneeds.Woolblendedproductswithawoolcontentoflessthan35%canimpartcertaincharacteristicstotheblendedfabric.Blendedfabricswithhighwoolcontentaregenerallyblendedwithwoolandothernaturalfibers.
3.Payattentiontofinishingandhighlightindividualization:naturalfibercotton,wool,silkandotherfabricsaresandwashedthroughphysicalorchemicalmethodstoachievelightnessandsoftness;naturalfibersareprintedanddyedtoproduceQualitychanges,suchassandingfinishingtomaketheproductfeeldelicate,washingwithbiologicalenzymefinishingtomakeitsofttothetouch,deepfinishingtomakethefabricwaterproofandbreathable,andshapememoryfinishingtomakethefabricshrink-proofandwrinkle-proof.Sothatnaturalfiberscanachievethefunctionsofcomfortablewearing,antibacterial,anti-ultraviolet,disinfection,anti-mold,mothproof,etc.,hasbecomeanewgrowthpointofnaturalfibersandamajortrendinthedevelopmentofnaturalfiberfabrics.
Four.Развојandapplicationofbiologicalenzymes:Thedevelopmentandapplicationofbiologicalenzymesisasuccessfulcombinationoftextileandbiotechnology.Itisaspecialenzymeagentforvariousfibers,suchascellulose.Enzymesandproteasescangreatlyincreasetheeffectivenessoffinishingandreduceenvironmentalpollution.Forsomefabricswovenwithpoorqualitycottonyarn,properenzymewashingprocesscanbecarriedouttoreducethehairandfluffoftheyarnwithoutdamagingthefabric,therebymakingupforthelackofcottonyarnqualitytosomeextent;inaword,,Theenzymewashingprocessisnotonlysimple,butalsomoderateincost.Withbleaching,brightening,andsoftfinishing,itcanwashoutdifferentstylesanddifferentgradesoffabrics.