Обрада података

Преглед

У свакодневном животу, све време смо се бавили информацијама. Новине, вести, оцене, мелодије звона које се заборављају из часа, одвод ветра, промене у соларним терминима... Ови садржаји представљени речима, сликама, звуцима, бројевима, појавама, сценама, итд., називају се формама.

Theproductionandlifeofhumanbeingsdependtoalargeextentonthecollection,processingandtransmissionofinformation.Theprocessofacquiringinformationandprocessingittomakeitusefulinformationandpublishingitiscalledinformationprocessing.Theprocessofinformationprocessingmainlyincludestheacquisition,storage,processing,releaseandpresentationofinformation.

Аквизиција информација

TheInternet,whichconnectscomputersdistributedallovertheworld,hasbecomethebasisforthenormaloperationofmodernsociety.Ifyouwanttogetmoreinformationatafasterspeed,browsingtheInternetisanidealmethod.

Информатионстораге

Usinglarge-capacitycomputerstoragedevicestostoredata,itsreliabilityandpermanenceexceedanyinformationstoragemediuminhistory.

Обрада информација

рачунарsthatcanperformhundredsofbillionsoreventrillionsofoperationspersecondprovidepeoplewiththeabilitytoprocessinformationquicklyandaccurately.Itcananalyzeusefulinformationatthefastestspeedfromtheever-changingandplethoraofinformationfordecision-making.

Информатионрелеасе

PublishinginformationontheInternetorsendinge-mailisthefastestandcheapestwaytoreleaseinformation.SendingaletterontheInternet,eveniftherecipientisasfarawayastheUnitedStatesorAustralia,thelettercanarriveintheshortesttime,andsoundandimagescanbesentalongwiththeletter.

Репресентатионофформатион

Multimediacomputersorganicallycombinevarioustraditionalinformationdisplaymethods(suchastext,images,sound,etc.)tomakeinformationmorecolorfulandpresentInfrontofpeople.

Itispreciselybecauseoftheabove-mentionedreasonsthattheinformationindustryhasbecometheworld'sfirstindustry.

Прибављање информација

Анализа потреба за информацијама

1.Разлике уинформационим објектима

DifferencesininformationobjectsrefertothesameinformationpairDifferentpeoplehavedifferentvalues​​andmeanings.Peopleoftenneedtoobtaininformationaccordingtotheirownneeds.

2.Тимерекуирементсфоринформатион

Intheprocessofobtaininginformation,weneedtoconsiderwithinwhichtimerangetheinformationisvalid.Forexample,thedailynewspaperwillbeuselessthenextday.

3.Географски обим информација

Thegeographicscopeofinformationreferstotheplacewheretheinformationoccursandthescopeofapplication.Forexample,ifwearegoingtotraveltoaforeigncountry,thenweneedtounderstandthecustomsofthatcountry.

4.Садржај и облик информација

Inabroadsense,informationincludesthecontentoftheinformationitselfandthemanifestationoftheinformation.Forexample,weatherforecastsareexpressedintheformofclouddiagrams,whichwillbemorespecific,vividandintuitive.

Извор информација

Цонфирматионметход

Duetothedifferenttechnicalcharacteristicsoftheinformationsources,themethodsforobtaininginformationarealsodiverse.Forexample,toconducton-siteinvestigationsofrelevantissues,observationmethods,questionnairesurveymethods,interviewmethods,etc.canbeused;themostconvenientmethodisnaturallycomputerretrieval.Therefore,wecanadoptappropriatemethodsaccordingtoinformationneedsandexistingconditions.

Forexample,getinformationaboutthe2008OlympicGames.Therearemanywaystoobtainsuchas:relevantdepartmentsofsportscommissionsatalllevels,newspapers,relatedTVprograms,fansoftheOlympicGames,andbooksonrelatedwebsites(theofficialwebsiteoftheOlympicOrganizingCommittee,theOlympiccolumnoflargenewswebsites,etc.).Accordingtotheactualsituation,itisnotrealistictogototheSportsCommissiontoobtainOlympicmaterials;watchingTVprogramsandnewspapersrequiresalotoftimetobrowse,andlackssystemicity;andaskingOlympicfanscannotbethemainway.Therefore,onlinequeryisamoreeffectivemethod.

Евалуатингинформатион

Евалуатингинформатионisaveryimportantstepforeffectiveinformationacquisition,anditdirectlyinvolvesthebenefitsofinformationacquisition.Theevaluationisbasedonthepreviouslydeterminedinformationrequirements,suchastheamountofinformation,theapplicabilityoftheinformation,theformoftheinformationcarrier,thecredibilityoftheinformation,andthetimelinessoftheinformation.

Iftheselectedinformationcannotmeetpeople'sinformationneeds,itisnecessarytofurtherclarifytheinformationneeds,reselecttheinformationsource,andadjusttheinformationacquisitionmethodintimetoobtaininformationagain.

Обрада информација

Преглед

Обрада информацијаreferstoaseriesofprocessessuchasdiscrimination,screening,classification,sorting,analysis,andreconstructiontomakethecollectedinformationBecometheinformationthatcanmeetourneeds,thatis,thepurposeofinformationprocessingistodiscoverthevalueofinformationandfacilitatetheuseofusers.Обрада информацијаisthebasisofinformationutilizationandanimportantconditionforinformationtobecomeusefulresources.

Значај

1.Inalargeamountoforiginalinformation,thereareinevitablysomefalseinformation.Onlycarefulscreeninganddiscriminationcanavoidthemixingoftrueandfalse.

2.Theinitiallycollectedinformationisakindofinitial,messy,andisolatedinformation.Onlybycategorizingandsortingthisinformationcanitbeusedeffectively.

3.Throughtheprocessingofinformation,newinformationcanbecreated,makingtheinformationmorevaluable.

Општи процес

1Утврђивање циљева обраде информација

2 Дискриминирајте, филтрирајте, класификујте, сортирајте, анализирајте и поново креирајте прикупљене информације

3 Измените и поново обрадите у складу са циљем

Пример:

Тхепроцессофвритингаспеецх

①Одредите тему говора---------------------------------Процес1

②Дискриминација и скрининг података -------╗

③Класификујте и сортирајте изабране материјале╣——————Процес2

④Вритеаспеецх-------------------╝

⑤Ревизија говора—————————————Процес3

рачунар

Процессофпроцессингинформатион

рачунарhasfastcalculationspeedandlargestoragecapacity,sothecomputercanprocesslargequantitiesofinformationwithhighquality

⒈AccordingtothetypeofinformationAndprocessingrequirementschooseappropriatecomputersoftwareorself-programming,withthecontinuousdevelopmentofcomputertechnology,peoplecanconvenientlyusetheseapplicationsoftwareforinformationprocessing.Forsomedataprocessingwithspecialrequirements,self-programmingisrequired.

⒉Informationentry.Entertheinformationtobeprocessedintothecomputer.Informationentryisnotcomplicated,butitispronetoerrors.Therefore,theenteredinformationmustbestrictlychecked.

⒊Обрада информација.Aftertheinformationisentered,thesoftwarecanbeselectedtoprocesstheinformation.

⒋Informationoutput.Afterinformationprocessingiscompleted,theprocessingresultscanbedisplayedonthescreenorprintedoutaccordingtotheformatspecifiedbythesoftware

⒌informationstorage.Iftheprocessedinformationisnotusedimmediately,itcanbestoredinthecomputer'sharddiskormobilestorage,andcalledoutwhenitistobeused

Типofinformationprocessing

①AutomaticinformationbasedonprogramdesignProcessingreferstothepreparationofspecialprogramsforspecificproblemstorealizetheautomationofinformationprocessing,whichwecallinformationprogrammingprocessing.Theoriginalintentionofprogrammingprocessingistousethecomputer'shigh-speedcomputingpowertoimprovetheefficiencyofinformationprocessing,beyondthelimitationsofmanualinformationprocessing.

②Humanizedinformationprocessingbasedonpopularinformationtechnologytools,includingtheuseofwordprocessingsoftwaretoprocesstextinformation,spreadsheetsoftwaretoprocessforminformation,andmultimediasoftwaretoprocessmultimediainformationsuchasimages,sounds,videos,andanimations.

③Intelligentinformationprocessingbasedonartificialintelligencetechnology.Referstotheuseofartificialintelligencetechnologytoprocessinformation.Theproblemofintelligentprocessingtheoryishowtomakecomputersprocessinformationmoreautonomously,reducehumanparticipation,andfurtherimprovetheefficiencyandhumanityofinformationprocessing.