Тхеоригинофтхетерм
OneofthedraftersoftheU.S.Constitution,AlexanderHamilton,establishedabankinNewYork(theBankofNewYork)aftertheUnitedStatesbecameindependent.Hehiredaprofessionalmanagertomanageit.BecausetheU.S.Constitutioncallsthepresident"ChiefExecutive"(meaningthehighestheadofgovernment),hecallsthatperson"ChiefExecutiveOfficer"andthereasonforadding"Officer"istodistinguishitfromthepresident.ThisistheworldThistermappearsforthefirsttime.
TheCEOisaccountabletothecompany’sboardofdirectorsandisoftenamemberoftheboardofdirectors.Havetheultimateexecutivepowerwithinthecompanyororganization.Inarelativelysmallcompany,theCEOmaybethechairmanoftheboardofdirectorsandthepresidentofthecompanyatthesametime,butinlargecompaniesthesepositionsareoftenheldbydifferentpeople,soastopreventindividualsfromplayingtoolargearoleinthecompanyandhavingtoomuchAtthesametime,itcanalsopreventconflictsofinterestbetweenthecompanyitselfandthecompany’sowners(thatis,shareholders).ThecorporateCEOsystemiscompatiblewiththemoderncorporatesystem.Underthemodernmarketeconomysystem,thecorporategovernancestructureofthemodernenterprisesystemgenerallyconsistsofthreeparts:thegeneralmeetingofshareholders,theboardofdirectors,andtheexecutivebodycomposedofseniormanagers.
Amongthem,thecompany'sexecutivebodyiscomposedofhigh-levelexecutiveofficials.Thesehigh-levelexecutiveofficers,thatis,high-levelmanagers,areemployedbytheboardofdirectors,andwithinthescopeofauthorizationoftheboardofdirectors,theyhavethepowerofmanagementandagencyoverthecompany'saffairs,andareresponsibleforhandlingthecompany'sdailybusinessaffairs.ThepersoninchargeoftheexecutiveagencyiscalledtheCEO,thatis,thechiefexecutiveofficer.TheCEOofanenterprisecanbethechairmanorvice-chairman,orthegeneralmanager.
Основна задужења
Главне одговорности генералног директора су:
(1)Appointmentanddismissalofmanagers;(2)Executiveboardofdirectors’resolutions;(3)Presidingoverthecompany’sDailybusinessactivities;(4)Signingcontractsorhandlingbusinesswiththeauthorizationoftheboardofdirectors;theexecutiveteamundertheleadershipoftheCEOincludes:generalmanager,deputygeneralmanagers,departmentmanagers,chiefaccountant,chiefengineer,etc.Inforeigncountries,CEOsemergedonthebasisoftheestablishedandmaturecorporategovernancestructure.Sincethe1980s,withtheexpansionoftheglobalbusinessofmultinationalcompanies,theexchangeofinformationwithinthecompanyhasbecomeincreasinglybusy.Duetotheinformationtransmissionandcommunicationbarriersbetweenthedecision-makinglevelandtheexecutivelevel,ithasaffectedtherapidresponseandexecutionabilityofthemanagerstomajorcorporatedecisions.Somecompanieshavebeguntotreatthetraditionalboardofdirectors-chairman-generalmanager.Reformofcorporategovernancestructure.TheCEOisoneoftheproductsofthischange.Itsappearanceinasenserepresentsthetransitionofsomedecision-makingpowersinthehandsoftheoriginalboardofdirectorstotheoriginalmanagement.TheCEOisnotthegeneralmanager,northepresident.Itspowerisverylarge,40%to50%ofwhichisthepowerofthechairman.Theboardofdirectorsbecomesasmallboard,anditsmainfunctionistoselect,evaluateandformulateaCEO-centeredmanagementanditscompensationsystem.AlthoughtheCEOisnottheinvestorofthecompany,ithastherighttomakedecisionsonmajordecisions.
Inforeigncountries,themainconstraintontheCEOisnottheboardofdirectors,butanorganizationcalledthestrategicdecision-makingcommitteeintheenterprise.Thisstrategicdecision-makingcommitteeisthemainauthoritythatsupportsordeniestheCEO'sbusinessdecision-making.Inmanycountries,mostofthepeoplewhomakeupthestrategicdecision-makingcommitteearenotthepeopleinthecompany,letalonetheinvestorofthecompany,butthecelebritiesinthesocietywhoareengagedinbusinessmanagement,economics,andlaw.Therefore,itishumancapitalthatcontrolstheenterprise,nottheinvestor.Theinterestoftheinvestorisonlyreflectedinthereturnofthepropertyrights.
TheestablishmentoftheCEOembodiestheideaofputtingpeoplefirstandreasonablepricingforhumancapital.Thecorporategovernancestructuremodelbasedonthetheoryofseparationoftwopowersthatweusuallytalkaboutisbeingchallenged.Moreandmorefactsshowthatmodernproductionisshiftingfromrevolvingaroundmachinestorevolvingaroundknowledge.Humancapitalthusachievedanoverwhelmingpositionovermonetarycapital.Itisnotdifficulttofindthattheannualsalarysystem,stockoptions,andothersimilarincentivemeasuresaremerelyinstitutionalarrangementsmadebythemarkettoreasonablypriceentrepreneurs’humancapital.
Inamaturemarketenvironment,entrepreneurhumancapitalwillinevitablyfinditsownreasonableprice.Afterenteringtheenterpriseasaninstitutionalarrangement,humancapitalhasalreadytriggeredahugechangeintheenterprisepropertyrightssystem.Inadditiontogettingwages,humancapitalshouldalsogetareturnonpropertyrights.Thephenomenonthatenterprisesarecompletelyownedbyinvestorsisgraduallychanging.
TheemergenceoftheCEOalsosignifiesthatthetraditionaltheorythatownershipandmanagementmustbeseparatedhasalsoundergoneimportantrevisions.InthefaceofeconomicglobalizationandChina'saccessiontotheWTO,manycompanieshaveastrongsenseofcrisis,arebusyplanning,adjusting,andmakinggreateffortstomeetthechallengesoftheworldmarket.ItisinthiscontextthattheCEOappearedinourcountry.ItshouldalsobenotedthattheCEOsofsomeChinesecompanieshaveonlychangedtheirtitles,butinfacttheyarestillthedailyresponsibilitysystemofthegeneralmanagerunderthedecisionoftheboardofdirectors,notthetrueCEO.Itshouldbesaidthathumancapitalascapitalisthemostimportantmanifestationintheeraofknowledgeeconomy.
ItismoreimportanttochangethetitleofgeneralmanagerofacompanytoCEO.
Авганистанац (2 фотографије)
LiKeqiangmetwithAfghanCEOAbdullahinAstana.RahmonmetinDushanbeonthe8thwithAfghanChiefExecutiveAbdullah,whovisitedandattendedthehigh-levelinternationalmeetingontheresultsofthe"WaterforLife"InternationalDecadeofAction.LiKeqiangexchangedcongratulatorymessageswithAfghanistan’sChiefExecutiveAbdullahonthe20th.
Поређење имена
中 | јапански | енглески језик | корејски | |
председавајући;председавајућиoftheBoardofдиректорs;председавајућиoftheBoardofдиректорs | председавајући | председавајући;председавајућиoftheBoard | председавајући | |
Генерални директор; председник; извршни директор; извршни директор | председник | Управник,председник,CEO | председник | |
Executivedirector;managingdirector;managingdirector | У име директора, специјални директор | Генерални директор | У име директора, виши директор | |
директор | Prohibitionofдиректорs,SeniorOfficers,StandingOfficers | директор | директор,generalmanager,generalmanager | |
Управник,Viceпредседник,Associate,SeniorдиректорofBusinessGroup | ХеадофБусинессГроуп | ХеадофБусинессГроуп p> | Управник | |
Управник,Associate,директорofDepartment | министар | начелник одељења | министар | |
Руководилац | СецтионЦхиеф,СецтионЦхиеф | Шеф сектора | Хеадофсецтион, Хеадофроом | |
Шеф одељења | Шеф одељења | СецтионинЦхарге | Шеф одељења,agent | |
директор | директор | Надзорник | директор | |
Особље | Чланови | Особље | Чланови | Чланови p> |
Повезани предмети
ЦЕОЦЕО | ЦФОЦхиефФинанциалОффицер | ЦИОЦхиефИнформатионОффицер | ЦООЦхиефОператингОффицер |
ЦТОЦхиефТецхнологиОффицер | ЦХОЦхиефТалентОффицер | ЦМОЦхиефМаркетингОффицер | ЦПОЦхиефМануфацтурингОффицер |
ЦЦОЦхиефЦултуралОффицер | ЦСОЦхиефСецуритиОффицер | ЦИОЦхиефИнформатионОффицер | ЦКОЦхиефКновледгеОффицер |
