Characterrelationship
Käännösvirhekorjaus
WifeIrenaYorio-Curie Virhe481062on ilmoitettu
Father-in-lawPierre·Curie Virhe5289216on ilmoitettu
Mother-in-lawMarie·Curie KylläVirhe3675053on ilmoitettu.
Elämä
JeanFrederickYorio-Curie,1900BorninParis,France,hegraduatedfromÉcoleSupérieuredePhysiqueetdeChimieIndustriellesdelaVilledeParis.In1925,hebecameMadameCurie'sassistantattheInstitutCurie.Soon,hefellinlovewithMrs.Curie'seldestdaughter,IreneCurie,andshortlyaftertheirmarriagein1926,thecouplealsochangedtheirsurnamesto"JorioCurie".AtMarie'sinsistence,Jeanobtainedabachelorofscience(baccalauréat)andadoctorofsciencedegreewhileengagedintheelectrochemicalanalysisofradioactiveelements.
DuringhistenureasalecturerattheParisAcademyofSciences,hecollaboratedwithhiswifeonthestudyofatomicstructure,focusingonatomicrays.TheyhavemissedtheNobelPrizetwice:
TheJoliot-Curiecouplefirstgotneutronsintheexperiment,buttheyfailedtoidentifythemcorrectlyandthehonorwasultimatelyattributedtoRutherford’sstudents.AboveChadwick,Chadwickwonthe1935NobelPrizeinPhysicsfordiscoveringneutrons.
TheJoliotsandCurieswerethefirsttoobtainpositronsintheexperiment,andbecauseoftheirfailuretocorrectlyidentifythem,thehonorwasfinallyattributedtoCarlDavidAnderson,whowasresponsiblefordiscoveringpositrons.Andwonthe1936NobelPrizeinPhysics.
However,becauseofthediscoveryofstableartificialradioactivity,theywonthe1935NobelPrizeinChemistry.
In1937,helefttheInstituteofRadiologyandbegantoserveasaprofessorattheFrenchAcademy,andparticipatedinthestudyofchainreactionsandnuclearreactionconditions.Hesuccessfullyuseduraniumandheavywatertoachievecontrollablenuclearfissiontogenerateenergy.YoriowasoneofthescientistsmentionedbyEinsteininhislettertoPresidentRoosevelt,andEinsteincalledhimoneoftheleadingscientistsinthechainreaction.However,theSecondWorldWargreatlyhinderedJoliot-Curie'sresearchbecausehebegantoholdadministrativepositionsafterthewar.
Anekdootti
Beforehebecamefamous,somepeopleintheFrenchscientificcommunityridiculedhimasa"PrinceConsort"(en:PrinceConsort),thinkingthathewasmarriedThedaughterofMadameCuriewaswell-developed,andhiscombinationofhisownandhiswife'ssurnamesalsocausedalotofcriticism.MadameCurieusedtocomfortherson-in-lawforthis.
Sukunimi
Theirsurnameis"Joliot-Curie"insteadof"JoliotCurie".InsomeChinesescientificandtechnologicalliteratureandphysicalmaterials,Joliot-Curie'sThesurnameistranslatedinto"JoliotCurie",thistranslationisnotaccurate;similarly,inEnglishandFrenchscientificliteratureandphysicalmaterials,therearealsoalotofuseof"JoliotCurie"insteadof"Joliot-Curie"Case.Inaddition,thereisalsoasayingthattheJoliots-Curiecouplearecalledthe"littleCuries".ThisusageisoftenusedasacolloquiallanguageinthefieldofphysicsinmainlandChina .Liandhanswife)ovat erilaisia;HongKongissa ja Taiwanissa käytetty perinteinen kiinalainen englanniksi ei ole tällaista lausuntoa.Kiinassa kuitenkin käytetään epävirallisia julkaisuja "Jolio-Curie-pari" eikä "Little Curiecouple".
Sukunimi"Yorio-Curie"on samanlainen kuin kiinalainen"kaksoissukunimi(vanhemmat yhdistetty sukunimi)",mutta ero on siinä, että he ovat vain "parisukunimi"ja heidän lapsensa eivät noudata vanhempiinsaLiansukunimeä.
Vaikutus
·Yorio-Curieisnotonlyafamousnuclearphysicistandchemist,butalsoafamousguardianofpeace.HewassympathetictotheChinesepeople.NotonlydidheactivelyparticipateintherescueofthephysicistZhaoZhongyaowhowasdetainedbytheUnitedStatesinJapanattheinvitationofthestudentQianSanqiang,healsosolemnlysuggestedtoMaoZedongthatChinashouldalsoengageinatomicbombs.ThisisMaoZedong’sdecision.Theonewhotouchedthemost.SeetheTVseries"Five-StarRedFlagFlyingintheWind"fordetails.
Yorio-CurietoldMaoZedongthattodefeattheatomicbomb,youmusthavestrength.ThisisthefirsttimethatMaoZedongpaidattentiontoJoliot-Curie’sproposalaftertheoutbreakoftheKoreanWarin1950afterMaoZedong’sfamousthesisthat“theatomicbombisapapertiger”whenhemetwithStrongin1946,anddeterminedtodevelopatomicenergyscience.