Eksistentiaalinen terapia

Konsepti

EksistentialistRaycanBereferredToasanIntellectualorientationOftherapyPracticeRaphilosophyfollowbyTherapiste, becauseexEntialTherapySNotanininePendentsCloftherapy.He believethattrueExisenceiscloselyrelatedTothThreedIMensionsfathtHePast-, läsnä ja funture.Eksistentiaaliset psykoterapetsit: -ThePastisegredastherealmofthebiologicalfield, ja huomaamatta,.He kritisoivatThePsykoanalyticschoolforbeinglimitedtothepastandpresent, ThebiologicalfieldandTheSelfield, ja sen jälkeen.

Smith (Vandeurzen-Smith, 1988) PisteydedoutThattheexisenceOfConSultationisnOTTOTREATTIENTIENTSUURITERIADIATIONMEDICALMODEL- JA TAPAIRIESARENOTTIONTOREDSPATENTENTS;.Forsmith, theasisanceneededbyTheclientistoassessThecurrentLifesitionsanddFindTheBestlifestyleThetsupshim.TemaingoalOfTreamentistoMoTiVateTheclientToconfirmtheiroptionsandmaKeachoiceamongthem.OncethEclientStartsTounderStandhowPassiveSheyareControlledByTheenVironment, he ovat.

Edustaja

Frankl

Franklwasastudenentoffreud, WhatledhimtoapsychoanalyticapProachtopsychiatryCareer.Myöhemmin hewasinfluencybyHeworksofExistentialPhilosophersandbeGanTodevelhisOwnSetOfExistentialPhilosofyandPsychoanalytictherapy.ITSBASICKonseptiscluLDEFREEDOM, VASTUU, MERKKUSTUS JA TAKAISIN.HealSodeveledMeaningHerapy THILESEKESFORNINGTOHEAL.Etoustfrank'swork, itisnotDiffulttofindthathisthemeis "TheWilltoPursuemeaning."FrankPointdedoutThatmodernpepleHaveTeToolSofLife, ButtheyHavenomeaningInlife.KunPeoplearEnolongerBusyWithroutIneaffairsorwork, heCanoftenExperienceThatThesymptomsOfourTimearemeaningless tai "Excilenceandnothingnessing."KäsittelyohjelmaEnCouragepeOpletoDiscoverthemeaningandPurposeoflifethroughexternalaffairs, Pain, WorksandLove (Frankl, 1965).

RollMay (RollMay)

RollmayisoneOfthesPoSesPersonsOfExistentialismfromeuropeTheunitedStatees.HISTRIRTINGSSHAVEIMPANTIMPICATIONSFORAMICANEXEENTINGTREATTORMING PRACTICES.Merkittävä vaikutus."Olemassaolo: anewfieldofpsypsopatologyandpsychology" IshisimportantworktoInTroDuceExistentismToTheUnitedStatees.Rollomebelievesthat "olemassaolo" vaatii poistoa, andourchoicesDeterMinewewebecome.Deepinourhearts, siten.Vaikka WewantToPursuematurity andIndendence, WealsoknowThatiskInDoxpansionisususuurufainprocess.Siksi WelingerInthestruggleBetWeThesense OfSecuritywenwearEdivenceAdthejoyandPainwenweareurewinggrowth.

Jamesbugental (Jamesbugental)

Kirja "theaturefpsychoterapets", bernentalDescribesLife-Changing Hardments.HESESTREATTONESANEXpeditionForthetherAPistandTheClientToExplorethEclient'sUbjectiveWorldTogethere.Heemphasisoivat,.HesidthatThefocusOfTreamentistoastistTheClienToCheckHowToSwerThequesionsInLifeandChallengeThemToreadJustTheEnStsothattheycanbeginiVefeafRanklife.

Irvin Yalom

IrvinyalomalsoadmitsthathisbusinessisinfluencebyeuropeanandamericanExistentialpsychologist ja psykopatologit.Relelingonclinical-kokemus, empiirinen haku, filosofia ja linjaisuus, huutavan kehityshöydänyksille-suuntautuneelle terapialle, tarkennuksen perusteella.Jelun'sextensivetextbook, eksistentiaalinen psychoterapia, isregardedasanunprecedendengedACHIEVEEVIE.YellenbelievesthatfrankisanexcellentpragmatictHinker, whohashadaconsidebleInfluenceonhiswritingsandPrictice.Yellenbelievesthatimosferperitedherapeutit, heidän heidän heidän heidän heidän kanssaan riippumatta.Hebelievestthattheabove-n-n-nationedfourthemesconstitutetetecoreofxistentialpsychologyandareinseParrable frompracticalwork.

Teoreettinen perusta

1.Itsetuntemus

Nykyinen.ThestrongerTheAbilityToperceive, TheGreaterTheSePossibilityOffReedom, BacAuseexPandingourbilityTopercEivekanenHanceAbilityTofullyexperiencelife.Thepropositionsweperceiveinclude:humanlifeislimited,wecannothaveunlimitedtimetocompleteeverythingwewanttodoinlife;wehavethepotentialtotakeactionornottoact;evenifwedonotact,itisadecision;becauseWechooseouractions,sowecancreatepartofourowndestiny;themeaningoflifeistheproductofoursearchandcreationintoauniquepurpose,anditdoesnotautomaticallyappear;basically,theanxietyofexistencecomesfromourfreeconsciousness,itisourAnimportantpartoflife;whenweincreaseourawarenessoffeasiblechoices,wealsoincreaseoursenseofresponsibilityfortheresultsofthechoices;itisdifficultforustoovercomeloneliness,meaninglessness,emptiness,guiltandloneliness;basically,everyApersonislonely,butwealsohaveopportunitiestobuildrelationshipswithothers.

2.Vapaus-

Thecorepointfexistentialistheoryis: vaikka Wedesirefreedom, WeoftenFindwaystoesCapeourfreedom.Vaikka WecanchooseoSOONWAYOFLIFEAnd jawhewanttobe.Koska ohjeetheifisfreedom, weehavetotakeontherSesponsebledGuidingourLives.

Theetherapeutti'smatarasksaretwofold: yksistohelpclientsrealizeHowtheyleTherothermpecisionsForthemselves; theotheristoencouragethemtoGrAdalLearntomakechoicesForthemveselves.

3.Perustaa itsensä identiteetti jaAntablishManingfulinterpersonalSectionshipsforIndIndumals

ThetroubleformostofusoftenarisesinoureffortstoseekdirectionandAnswershroughtimethernourLives.Wedonottrustour, nordoweseekanswerstolifeconflicts itse, butinsteadstriveTobethersonotherswanTtuTobe.IntShisway, OurLivesarerootEdintheExpections of the AndwewillBestrangertour itse.

The ExelmentialtHerapistMayBeginTheProcessOfToomingByAnkingTheClientoreinforcetheirfeelings.WhenwelearntObeself-reliantAndallowourSelVestofullyPreciateOurnPower -syöttövoiman kanssa, sen kanssa,.Kuitenkin ifwefeelthatwehavebeennegleted, senswithotherswillonlybeapariticrelationship,.EhkäTheMainfunction of HardmentHelpTheClientDistishishThedifferenceBetweenneuroticDependendendPositiveIntersonalRelationship.

4.Etsintä, tarkoitus, arvongoaali

AproblemintreamentThatTheClientNeedStodiscardTheoriginaalien (asetetut) arvot, butthereisnonewcanBerepaced.… THEETASTOFTREATTORMENTPROCESSISTOHELPTHECLIENTCREATEAValueSYSTEMTHATISCONSTENTEST.

PeopleareofTRAPPAPDBYTHECTINGOFLIFEFLIFE, SOTHEYGIVEUPTRYINGTOFINDMEANINGFORTHEIRNIVES.Experiencingmeaninglessnessandestablishingvalues​​forone'sownmeaningfullifearethethemesthatcannotbeignoredinthetreatmentprocess.ThejooftHetherApistisnOTTellTheclientwhatTheMeaningfeRifeLis, ButtopointThatTheyCandiscoverTheMeaningofLifeEvenIntimesOfain.ThemeaningOfLifeisnotSomethingWeCandirectlyFinDanDobtain Kuitenkin.TheParadoxisthatTheMorationalyWelookforit, themoreltilelyWeareTomissit.

5.Ahdistuneisuus.

Eksistentiaalinen jaetuskivivitablestointi.EksistentiaalinenAnieTymayBecomeastimulusforIndInalGrowtherth.ManyPeopleseekingTreatmentHopefawawaworelievetheiranxiety.Kuitenkin OpeninguPanewLifenedMeansAcceptingNewanxiety, SoifwetyToreduceanxiety, Wemustpayahighpriceforit.

Vandeurzen (1991) UskovestohatthecoregoalofexistringPrimaryHotisnottoHelppeopleLiveamorecomfortAbleandrelaxedLife, buttoencourageVisitorStorecognizeandDealwiththerootcausesofanxietyandeksiety.FacingExistentialanxietySeelifeasaJournefullofadventure, pikemminkinTanlegneyourselfstaybehindasensefecurityTatseemstoprovideSecurity.

6.Otettu

Yelun (2003) PisteysThatthetherapistit,.YaronbelievesthatthefearofdeathwilllurchandcausealifelongnegativeImpActonOurLives.

YksiOfthefocalpointSofExistentialTerapyStoExplorethedegegreeOfinVlementFTECLientTheWorktheyValue....Nuo.Kun.

Terapeuttiset tekniikat

ExecistentialTherapyDoesnotheawell Definedset OFTREATTECTECHNIQUESTEREESTOESTOLS, SOTHEYYSOMETIMESSCITETECHNIQUESSSIOTTOLUKSET.ThemeaningTherapyschoolfoundbyfrankDevelopedtwotherapeTictChniques.

Ristiriitainen

FranklPropotedTheConTradictoryIntionalMethod, joka on velvollisuustepatintTodeLifedfearwhatHefearsandrevershePatient'sattitude..TheemethodOfcontradictoryIntenns, thePartiesCanobjektivebservetheirownanxiety, andcanavoidtheincreasinganxiecausedyByTheuneaSeExpecticationsOfanxity -.

Thelawofminusandreflektion

ThelawofminusandReflektionisAppliedToSolvetEexcessivEatTention jaexcessiverflectionftHeParties.INTRECHECTIONISUSUSSUBCONSTICANDAUTOMATICTINKING.Liiallinen.Siksi iTisNESTEYTOREBUILTTHEBELIEFTHATONE'SSBODYANDMINDARETRUSTWORTHOTHOTHTHEMETHODOFOFREDUCTINGINTRPECTIONT.Toinen functionfThemiticationMethodistoHopethatThePersonConcernedCanturnheirattToThePositiveSideOfLifeanLlookInTheDirectionOfURE.

Hoitotaso

Selvennys

IntHefirstStage, TheCounselorhelpsTheclientFindDlarifyheirhoughtSabouttheworld.ASKVISIORSTAPEAKOUNDACTIONTEWAYTHEESEEANDUNDERNSTHEIRESESTILE.TheetherapistExaminesthereliability heidän, uskomukset, ja kulutukset.ThistAskisdifforculornyVersittors, becausetheyinitiaalisestiregardTheProblemSascauseyxternalCauses.He ovat Focusonhowothers "Makethemfeel", taipumusmahdollisuudet

TheconsultantTaughtThemhowtoexaminetheirownExistEnceanDexamineTheirownRoleincausingProblemsInLife.

SetGoalSformchange

Atthisstage, vierailutRagedToExaminethesourceanDauthorityOftheIrcurrentValuesyStemMorecompeensensing.Thisprocessofself-explorationusuallyleadstonewideas,andacertainreconstructionoftheirvalues​​andattitudes.VierailutWillbetterConsiderwhatkindofLifeisworthliving, jaHaveaClearerUnterstantsing heidän.

Toiminta

IntHefinalStageofExistentialTherapy, HelpTheClientutputhathehasLearNeABouthimfefaction.

ThegoalOfTreamentistolallowTheclientToFindAwayMplementTheValuetHeyHaveExaminedInternalizedInaspesificway.Vieraileva

PeopleSuurualSiscovertheirstrengthSandFindwayStousethemToHelpthemliveapurPosefullife.

Panokset

1.Korostava,.ItCanbeshapedIntoanyShapethRoughRestriction.

2.ProvideaCompletephilosoficalfoundationforpsychotherapy.ExcistentialTherapybringsTherAPistaLoftHinkingAbouTInnerBeliefs: WhatSThenaturefHumanbeings? ISItSitcosibleForHumanbehavIortochange? Kenenkähetysten?

3.MaksaticationToEndInalSitionationsfthePartiesConcerned, AndUSEConsultationTechniquesflexyble, sen sijaan, että mekanisointi.

4.MerkitysTerapyisApplicableToThefollowing -kentät: Potilaat.TheUniquePsychologicalDistressOfPsykoosisisoftRansferredToThespiriTualLevelvel.MerkityshäiriötNeedStoDealwithTheabilityFTheSePatientsDiscussloftyGoals.Henkilö.

5.IntthestRuctureofmoderninDousianAnCommercialSociety, ManyPeoplefeelempty, vieraantunut, välinpitämätön ja myymätön.ExcistentialTerapyAttaChesPortanceToHumanProblemsAnSuiTableFormOdernpeepes.

Rajoitukset

1.NeostcriticalPartOfThexisenceOftherapytHatitlacksasysematicStateftRinciplesandPsychotherapyPractices;.

ExcistentialistHerapyOftEnusesVagueandgeneraltermsSuchasself-incualization, tietämysdialogue, vilpittömyys ja beingintheworldTodescribeONESOWNTREATTORTSTYLE.Thelackofclarityisoftenconfusing, andiTalSomakesitDiffulToGuideresearchonTheExisence OFTREATTORMENTPROCESSESANDRESULTS.