Kyberpolitiikka

Sourceoftentry

1990-luvulta lähtien joitakin verkkopolitiikkaan liittyviä käsitteitä on alettu ilmaantua, kuten verkkopolitiikka, virtuaalipolitiikka, verkkodemokratia, verkkopolitiikka, tietopolitiikka, digitaalidemokratia, elektroninen demokratia jne.

In1998,D.Roskofflinkednetworkpoliticswithrealpoliticsinhisarticle"NetworkPolitics:TheOriginalPowerintheTransformationoftheInformationAge".Hebelievedthateconomicpower,militarypowerandThethreepillarsoftheoriginalpower,suchaspoliticalpower,willberedistributedandnewformsandcharacteristicswillbeproducedinthetransformationoftheinformationage,andallthesechangescanbeattributedtothetransformationofinformationtechnology.

In2003,inhisarticle"TheRiseofInternetPolitics:HowtheInternetChangedInternationalPoliticsandDiplomacy,"D.PollièrebelievedthatInternetpolitiikkais"anattempttousethepowerfulpoweroftheInternettoshapeThediplomaticformofpolitics,culture,values​​andpersonalidentity".

"Networkpolitics",asthenamesuggests,cannotlivewithouttheroleoftheInternet.AlthoughpoliticsoriginatedinEuropemorethan2,000yearsago,theUnitedStates,whichgavebirthtoPoliticsdevelopedrapidly.ThenumberofnetizensintheUnitedStatesandthepenetrationrateofcomputersinhouseholdsrankfirstintheworld.AsfarasthestudyofInternetpolitiikkaisconcerned,itisalsoinaleadingpositionintheworld.Atthesametime,Westerncountrieshavealsoseenawaveofresearchoncyberpolitics.

Havaintotutkimus

Internetpolitiikkacanbeobservedfromthreedimensions,

Ensimmäinen verkkovirtuaalipolitiikka itse;

Thesecondistheroleandinfluenceofnetworkpoliticsonrealpoliticalsubjectsandotherfields;

ThethirdisrealpoliticalsubjectsandotherfieldsThecounteractionandinfluenceofvirtualpoliticsontheInternet.

InternetpolitiikkamainlyreliesonnewsocialmediasuchastheInternetandWeibo.ThenumberofInternetusers,thepenetrationrateofcomputersinthefamily,andcitizens’informationandpoliticalliteracyhaveallbecomeimportantfactorsaffectingthedevelopmentofonlinepolitics.Thelocalmanagementandglobalgovernanceofnetworkpoliticshasbecomeakeyfactorinthehealthydevelopmentofnetworkpolitics.Cyber​​politicsprotectscitizens'rightstoknow,participate,express,andsupervise,promotetimelydisclosureofinformation,transparencyofgovernmentaffairs,andface-to-faceissues,soastopromotetheincreaseofgovernmentcredibility.

Asakindofdirectdemocraticpolitics,Internetpolitiikkaalsohasthephenomenonofchangingopinions,excessivedemands,divergentopinions,andlackofthought.Itneedstobecombinedwithindirectdemocracysuchasthedeliberationofthepeople’srepresentativestopreventgroupintensificationandindividualextremes.Theemergenceofismandcyberviolencehasformedareasonabledemocraticgovernancestructure.

Sisääntulon ominaisuudet

Suoruus

Inonlinepolitics,anyonewhohastheconditionstogoonlinecandirectlyexpresstheiropinionsanddemandsandcollectinformation,Theexpressionofopinions,policydialogue,consultationofrecommendations,organizationofactions,lobbyingfordecision-making,etc.,andvotingonvariouspoliticalandsocialissues,nolongerneedtoberepresentedbyothers,indirectlyexpressedwiththewilloftheactualpoliticalsubjectSexhasformedthetwopolesoftheinteractivepoliticalecology.Thiskindofdirectparticipationofcitizensinpoliticsisoneofthemostprominentfeaturesofnetworkpolitics.

Tasa-arvo

Inthevirtualspaceofonlinepolitics,theequalpoliticalrightsofeveryonewhohastheconditionstoaccesstheInternetcanbeguaranteed,andeveryonehastheequalrighttoparticipateinanddiscusspolitics.Onthebasisofnetworkcarriersandplatforms,aslongastheymeettherequirementsforpoliticalparticipationpermittedbylaw,thereisnodifferenceforallgroupsinsocietyandeachmemberofthegroup,whichfullyreflectsthepoliticaldemocracy,equalrightsandflatteningofnetworkpolitics.feature.Thisvirtualequalityiseasiertoachievethanequalityintherealworld.Atthesametime,thelowcostofInternetaccessandtheconvenienceofvirtualspacehaveevencreatedaneconomicenvironmentfortheequalityofonlinepoliticsforfree.

Läpäisevyys

Withthehelpofthedevelopmentofinformationtechnology,networkpoliticshasformedasocialforce,whichnotonlybringsrevolutiontoscienceandtechnology,butalsoweakensthetraditionalchecksandbalancesofthestateandpower.Infiltratedintoeconomic,political,military,social,cultural,diplomaticandotherfieldsandbroughtchangesinthesefields.

Sopivuus

Theubiquity,proximity,decentralization,convenience,andspeedofonlinemediamakepoliticalorganization,politicalmobilization,andpoliticalaspirationsveryeasyandquick,individualornicheThroughthebutterflyeffect,hisopinionsmaybewidelydisseminatedanduniversallysupported,therebyformingakindofpublicopinion,whichhasanimpactonactuallegislationanddecision-making.

Rajat ylittävä

TheInternethasbrokenthroughthetraditionalisolationbetweenthefrontandtherear,thefirstlineandthesecondline,theinteriorandtheexterior,thenearestandtheremote,andenablesthepoliticalexpressionofcitizensandinterestandinterestgroupsAndinformationdisseminationhasbrokenthroughtheboundariesofinstitutions,industries,cities,regionsandevencountries,formingthecharacteristicsofspanningtimeandspace,infiniteubiquity,andgroupinteraction,andforminganewformofnetworkpolitics.Thecharacteristicsofnetworkpoliticshavecreatednewopportunitiesforinformationsecurityandalsoposesnewchallenges.

Tutkimuskategoria

Whatcyberpoliticsdiscussesis:inthedevelopmentprocessofcybersociety,thenatureofcyberpoliticsandthelawofcontradictorymovementofitsdevelopmentandchanges;itsmainresearchscopeTherearethreelevels.Theyare:

Ensinnäkin virtuaalipoliittiset kysymykset kyberavaruudessa: virtuaaliyhteisöt, virtuaalihallitukset, virtuaalivaltiot, verkkovoimat jne.

Second,theinfluenceofthenetworksocietyonthepoliticallifeofmankind:Theinfluenceofthenetworkonthepoliticalsystemisprominentinthatitischangingthecontentandformofpoliticaldemocracy;thenetworkposesaseverechallengetothecountry’spoliticalorderandpoliticalstabilityTheinfluenceoftheInternetongovernmentmanagementisprofound;theinfluenceoftheInternetoncontemporaryinternationalpoliticsisalsomultifaceted.

Third,thestatemanagementofthenetworksociety:toguidehumanbeingsthroughthecreationofnewpoliticalstructuresandspecificpoliticaloperationstomakebetteruseoftheInternettosendbackhumancreativityandcontrolovertheirowndestiny.

Nykytilanne Kiinassa

TheimportantroleoftheInternetinthetransmissionofinformationandtheformationofpublicopinion,therecognitionoftheeffectivenessoftheInternetbyhigh-levelpoliticiansandtheinteractionwithnetizens,alltheseseemtoindicatethatChinahasalreadyFormedtheembryonicformofnetworkpolitics.

WhatisparticularlyimportanttoChina'spoliticalevolutionisthatnetworkpoliticshasthenatureofdemocraticpoliticsfromtheverybeginning.Ordinarypeople,aslongastheyhavetheabilitytoaccesstheInternet,cantheoreticallyobtainachanneltospeak,andhavetheopportunitytoexpresstheiropinionsandaspirationsonalllevelsofpublicaffairs.Aslongassuchopinionsanddemandsarehighlyuniversal,theymaygainwidespreadsupportandformakindofpublicopinion,whichmayhaveanimpactonactuallegislationanddecision-making.

Itmaybepreciselybecausetheactualdemocraticsystemisstillintheprocessofgradualimprovement.Therefore,comparedwithforeignpeople,ChinesenetizensareextremelyinterestedinpublicaffairsandInternetpolitiikkaarealsorelativelydeveloped.Moreover,thiskindofonlinedemocracyisgenerallyadirectdemocraticsystem.Forsomepeoplewhoserightsandinterestshavebeeninfringed,andforsomepeoplewhocareaboutpublicaffairsbutlackpracticalexpressionchannels,onlinechannelsareveryattractive.High-levelofficials,especiallyHuJintao'saffirmationofInternetpublicopinion,willgiveInternetdemokratiamoreroomforgrowth.

However,sincenetworkdemocracyisakindofdirectdemocracy,italsohastheinherentflawsofdirectdemocracy.Forexample,opinionsarechangeableandlackofthoughtfulness.Theinstitutionalarrangementsofthetraditionaldemocraticsystem,suchasthedeliberationofpeople'srepresentatives,cangenerallymakeupforthisdefect.Therefore,forthenetworkdirectdemocracytofunctionnormally,itneedstobebasedonotherinstitutionalarrangementsoftherepresentativedemocraticsystem.Networkdemocracyalonecannotsupportareasonabledemocraticgovernancestructure.Ofcourse,Internetdemokratiacanindeedpromotethesoundnessandmaturityofotherdemocraticsystemsthroughinformationtransparency,throughexertinginfluenceondeputiestotheNationalPeople'sCongress,andbyraisingtheissuesofmostconcerntothepublicinthepublicopinionspace.

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OnFebruary28,2009,PremierWenJiabaocametotheinterviewroomofChinaGovernmentNetworkanddiscussedwithnetizensonthefinancialcrisis,educationreform,medicalandhealthreformandotherissues.2hoursofonlinecommunication.PremierWenJiabao'sonlinecommunicationisanexampleofthenationalwillandthepeopleresonatingontheInternet.