Institutions Introduction
The aim of promoting knowledge and ability in population activities to adapt to the needs of national, regional and worldwide in population activities and family planning; Coordination in planning work, which has prompted States to find a possible way to solve population problems according to their respective programs; funding assistance to developing countries, funding from governments and private donations.
UNFPA directly under the United Nations Conference. Leadership is the Executive Board. The Executive Board was elected by the Economic and Social Council as regional allocation principles and representative principles of the recipient country, and the term of ten years. The Executive Board held three regular meetings each year, an annual meeting. The Executive Board is responsible for reviewing the Approved Population Fund to the assistance program provided to developing countries, and review the administrative, financial budget of the approval of the UNFPA. The Secretariat handled daily affairs under the leadership of the Executive Director and has offices in more than 60 countries. Executive Director for five years.
In May 1978, China and UNFPA delegation signed the "Memorandum" for understanding and preliminary identification of cooperation. In 1980, the representative office in China was established in Beijing, and the representative of the Development Program was served in China. In June 1995, UNFPA and December were resolution, and the Director of the Population Fund in China was changed to China. Representatives, UNDP representatives no longer serve. After 1980, UNFPA has begun to provide assistance to China; China has also donated money to the fund.
The UN Population Fund has been working in 1969. The main responsibility is to help developing countries solve population issues and are the largest international organizations in population assistance. About one quarter of the assistance to developing countries is through the United Nations Population Fund.
Action Outline
In September 1994, the International Population and Development Conference (ICPD) adopted a series of action programs in the next 20 years to develop a range of health, women in all countries. The specific goal of status and social development. Fund will assist countries to achieve the following objectives:
· Global focus on reproductive health, including the 2015 family planning and sexual health plan;
· to 2015 in global implementation educate. Countries should try to eliminate gender discrimination in primary and secondary education;
to 2015 reduced newborns mortality to 3.5%, reduce the mortality rate of children under five to 4.5%; / p>
· By 2000, the mortality rate of mother is reduced to half in 1990. It is reduced by half in 2015;
· By 2015, it will increase the life life to 75 years old or even more .
Program
The United Nations Population Fund has three major areas: reproductive health, including family planning and sexual hygiene. The United Nations Population Fund supports regulations on reproductive health, including more choice of family planning methods and related information. Services that focus on reproductive health include: safety pregnancy, infertility consultation and prevention, prevention and treatment of genital organ infections and reaches of diseases, including HIV / AIDS; and treatment due to unsafe abortion. Health problems. Some healthy reproductive health, including family planning and sex, is the way to achieve the ideal family size and more life choices. Reproductive health is critical to women, and it is also important for the safety and stability of other members of the family and the family itself.
Population and Development Strategy
The United Nations Population Fund helps countries formulate and implement a comprehensive population policy in the core of sustainable development strategy. Includes collection, analysis and research of data.
Proposition
· The United Nations Population Fund advocates the goals of international population and development meetings, including: reproductive health and rights, longer life, lower maternal and child mortality, education Gender equality, strengthen the ability of national development and implementation of the population and development strategy, increase the resources required for population development.
• The UN Population Fund only provides help when the country is requested. Although the international community has unanimously identifies the importance of focusing on population and development, specific measures are still determined by each country.
· All activities of the UN Population Fund are equipped to promote the self-determination of women.
The main task
In 1994, the Population and Development International Conference held in Cairo specially established a goal of enjoys high quality reproductive health services in 2015. 180 countries attending the meeting acknowledged that this grand goal requires developed countries and developing countries, including government, non-government, and commercial and other parties.
Article 15.15 of the Program of Action refers to the role and contribution of the latter two, and they are the same civil society: strengthen cooperation between government, international organizations and private sectors, and determine the new field of cooperation; promote private The department is in providing services, producing and selling high-quality reproductive health and formation of high-quality reproductive health and landscaping goods in the world, so that the low-income groups of the population can get these supplies.
In addition, paragraph 15.16 of the Program of Action appeals to government, non-governmental organizations and international organizations "Strengthen cooperation with private and profit sectors in relevant population and sustainable development", including the way of profitability. And sell high quality contraceptive goods and provide quality services. Family planning is the basic part of reproductive health. If the demand for family planning is growing, the public resources that meet this need are restricted, so we must continue to get high quality contraceptive tools to actively cooperate with the private sector. Many strategies are needed to ensure that all parties of society get enough contraceptives. This includes providing free or high subsidies to the poor, as a social security network, providing social marketing activities to low-income groups, providing commercial markets to those who do not need to subsidize contraceptives. At the same time, the governments should create support for weak groups, enabling high-income groups using the products provided by the private sector through social market and business mechanisms. It is historical significance that the private business department has been playing has historical significance, including the necessity of strategic cooperation in all parties, has been widely recognized. The UN Population Foundation has made efforts to respond to the "Action Program" of the International Conference of the Population and Development of Chapter 15 on the role of the private profit department. After discussing the selected developing national governments, donors and hormonal contrast manufacturers in July 1997, the UN Population Foundation sent tasks to six countries (India, Indonesia, Thailand, Egypt, South Africa, and Ghana) in 1998. . The small teams collect information on the role of the business sector in contraceptive medicines that sell prices in people with payment capabilities, thus enabling governments to centrally supply rare resources to their poor and social vulnerable members. Interested parties in November 1998 in Bella, Italy, and inspect advances in action. They affirmed the contribution of the business world, and it is expected to expand this role. They suggested that the United Nations Population Fund will continue to act as an intermediary role, and its work must also be strengthened. In order to implement these activities, the meeting recommended that the United Nations Population Foundation strengthened the organization capabilities of this important work, and the UN Population Foundation should consider institutionalize this activity during its project development.
Funded items
The funding of UNFPA is committed to promoting sustainable development.
Population goals closely related to other development goals
1: Population plan, including health care, education and promotion of women equality, are the foundation of social development;
2: Balanced population growth and distribution can reduce the damage to the environment, help protect precious resources;
3: Balanced urban growth can reduce urban pressure, help cities and rural development;
4: It is better to meet the needs of sustainable development to food, water, education and career, and improve the living standards and quality of each person.
Selected Free
The United Nations Population Fund maintains personal and couples to determine their children's number and the age of age. All projects funded by the UN Population Fund fully follow the principles and goals identified by the International Population and Development Conference, and do not accept any form of power.
Purchase
The United Nations Population Fund purchases about $ 200 million of goods and services a year, mainly through the Purchasing Department located in New York Headquarters. Its resident representative can perform local or regional procurement activities within a limited authorization. As needed, you can provide annual statistical reports that record the country's purchase of goods and contract details. The Purchase Department of the UN Population Fund ensures transparent and progressiveness of the procurement process. Its procurement follows the bidding process, pays attention to price, consistency, delivery and after-sales service. Procurement of a total of more than $ 30,000 is required to adopt a formal closed bidding and a competitive bidding method for public bidding results (although it is often not required to be required). Purchase below this amount takes the goods than three ways. The procurement of more than $ 100,000 shall be inspected and approved by the contract review of the contract of the United Nations Population Fund Headquarters in New York. In order to benefit from the "scale economy" and "improved delivery schedule", the UN Population Fund has signed a long-term price agreement with many contraceptive supplies manufacturers. At the same time, in the way, in the name of the long-term price agreement, vehicles, motorcycles, and office equipment are purchased through the agency procurement service department. The United Nations Population Fund records a list of potential suppliers with a computer and constantly updates data according to changes. Intentiable registered vendors need to fill in the "Intentional Supplier Registration", and all companies that meet the requirements can be filled in. The registry can be downloaded directly from the UN Population Fund website. Filled in the form should be sent back by the aforementioned address, such as a discount of the United Nations, and the aforementioned addresses. If the approved, the company information will be included in the "Approved Supplier" roster. Only the company will receive an invitation from the bidding / quote as an alternator. For production lines and product issues, companies can contact the purchaser directly.
Special note
United Nations Population Fund and other United Nations agencies have decided not to do business with any of the following companies or their members:
1: engage Any business behavior that is contrary to the "Children's Rights Convention" and the protection of children's performance;
2: Participate in selling or manufacturing with a killer weapon;
3: Production for military action Important ingredient components.
Publication
publication: "Annual Report", "Population"
Fugal China
1982 - 2007, China The government attaches great importance to gender equality and formulating the "China Women's Development Outline (2001-201000)", which has been further emphasized in the "Eleventh Five-Year" development plan. At the same time, the Chinese government has also seriously implemented the commitment to "eliminating the Convention on all forms of discrimination against women. The Chinese government has given a high degree of attention in the statistics of gender data in recent years. Document No. 1, China State, emphasized the strengthening of gender statistics, and documents also gave 64 statistical gender data indicators, and designated by the National Bureau of Statistics to improve gender statistical reporting system and database establishment. The National Women's Research Institute will begin the research in social gender statistics before the document, and have published a lot of important literature.
However, China has to work hard in gender data statistics. By 2007, there are gender inequality in many social problems in China, involving basic fields such as employment, education, social security. The imperfect gender data is not conducive to analyzing the above problems in Chinese reality. To this end, the United Nations Population Foundation and UNICEF will further fund Chinese institutions to study social gender and women's development.
Gender statistics is a statistical approach to studying changes in social and economic development. It is also a statistical data classified by gender. It can "sensitively" reflect the situation where men and women are at all levels of society. , The progress and existing problems are also the scale of the status, power, role and development status of gender in socioe economic development. Establish and improve the working system of gender statistics, which is of great significance for promoting healthy development of women and children and gender equality.