Economic significance
Technical and economic indicators are important tools for planning, organizing, managing, directing, controlling, supervising and inspecting production and business activities. Using technical and economic indicators, you can: ①Identify and tap production potential, increase production, and improve economic benefits; ②Assess the economic effects of production technology activities to rationally use machinery and equipment and improve product quality; ③Evaluate various technical solutions for technology Provide a basis for economic decision-making.
Representation method
Technological and economic indicators are not only economic indicators, but they are also different from economic indicators, such as total consumption, product output and other indicators that simply indicate resource consumption and economic results are not technology Economic indicators, only the economic indicators obtained by comparing two related economic indicators are technical and economic indicators. There are three main ways to express technical and economic indicators:
①Dual unit of measurement notation. The indicators obtained when comparing consumption and results, such as output value energy consumption, cotton yarn, labor productivity, etc., are expressed in double measurement units: output value energy consumption is expressed as "ton/ten thousand yuan", and cotton yarn is expressed as "kg/ "Hundred meters" means that labor productivity is expressed in terms of "value (quantity of material)/person (person-year, person-day, person-hour)".
②Percentage representation. That is, the proportion of a certain part in a certain overall, such as high-quality product rate, material utilization rate, etc. are all expressed by "%".
③Index notation. That is, in the two related indicators, use "when one is 100, how much is the other". For example, one hundred yuan output value provides profit, one hundred yuan capital provides output value, etc., are all expressed in this way.
Index design
The three basic principles that the technical and economic index design should follow are: ①Scientific. That is, the design of indicators must be consistent with the scientific meaning of the technical economy category, and the number of indicators should depend on the needs of the actual economic sector and the degree of perfection of theoretical research. ② Practicality. That is, the indicator design should be adapted to the level of economic development, planning, and statistics, as well as the continuous development of the national economy, and the corresponding changes in technology and economy; for different engineering projects, different technical solutions, and different technical practices, the indicator design should be There are differences, and each has its own focus. ③ Comparability. That is to say, the indicator design should be carried out under comparable conditions in terms of statistical data, meeting needs, time, price, and consumption costs, and the incomparable factors should be transformed into comparable factors.
Classification
Technical and economic indicators are generally divided into:
①Value indicators and physical indicators. The former is an indicator reflected in the form of value, and the latter is an indicator reflected in the form of physical objects.
②Comprehensive indicators and individual indicators. The former, such as cost indicators, include various consumption expenses such as raw materials, fuel power, depreciation, and wages, and the latter, such as the output value provided by every hundred yuan of fuel and power expenses.
③Macro indicators and micro indicators. The former is a standard for evaluation from the perspective of the entire national economy, and the latter is a standard for evaluation from the perspective of corporate economics.
④Absolute quantity index and relative quantity index. The former includes national income, total profit, etc., while the latter includes output value profit rate, investment return rate, and cost profit rate.
⑤Total indicators and per capita indicators. The former is like gross national income, and the latter is like per capita national income.
⑥Quantity index and quality index. The former includes energy saving and resource saving, and the latter includes quality grade, high-quality product rate, qualified rate, and reject rate.
Economic and technical indicators of the construction industry
Main economic and technical indicators
1. House intact rate: 50-60%
2. Annual housing integrity growth rate: 2-5% Annual housing integrity decline rate: no more than 2%
3. Housing maintenance engineering volume: 100-150 square meters/person, year
4. Labor productivity of maintenance personnel: 5000 yuan/person, year
5. The rate of qualified products for large and medium repair projects: 100%, of which: the rate of excellent products is 30-50%
6. Reduction rate of maintenance engineering cost: 5-8%
7. Safe production and prevent major casualties. Annual employee injury accident frequency: less than 3‰
8. Timely rate of minor repairs: 99%
9. House rent collection rate: 98-99%
10. The rent used for house maintenance rate: not less than 60-70%
11. Liquidity occupancy rate: less than 30%
12. Mechanical equipment integrity rate: 85%
The ninth chapter of the "General Layout Design Specification for Industrial Enterprises" GB 50187-93 stipulates the general layout design of industrial enterprises, and the following main technical and economic indicators should be listed. The calculation method shall comply with the calculation provisions of the main technical and economic indicators of the general layout design of industrial enterprises in Appendix II. [1]
1. Plant area (square meters);
2. Buildings and structures (square meters);
3. Buildings Coefficient (%); (not building density)
4. Railway length (KM);
5. Road and square land area (square meters);
< p>6. Greening area (square meters);7. Greening rate (%); (not greening rate)
8. Earthwork (cubic meters) .
The "Code for Residential Design" (GB50096-2011) that came into effect on August 1, 2012 stipulates that the following technical and economic indicators should be calculated for residential design:
— The area of use of each functional space (㎡);
—The usable area of the apartment (㎡/set);
—The area of the apartment balcony (㎡/set);
—The apartment type Total construction area (㎡/set);
—Total construction area of residential buildings (㎡).