Event division
According to the nature of public health emergencies, the degree of harm, the scope of public health emergencies can be divided into particular significant (level I), major (grade II), Large (level III) and a general (grade IV) level 4.
Among them, special major burst public health events mainly include:
(1) pulmonice, pulmonary anthrax occurs in large, medium cities and proliferation trends, or pulmonary mouse, lung Anthracnose fluctuations affect 2 or more provinces and have further diffusion trends.
(2) infectious atypical pneumonia, human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza, and has a spread trend.
(3) involves a plurality of provinces in a plurality of provinces, and has a spread trend.
(4) New infectious disease or infectious diseases have not been found in my country, and there is a spread trend, or discovery China 's destroyed infectious disease re-epidemic.
(5) caused a lifetime strain, strain, a pathogenic factor, and the like.
(6) and an extra large infectious disease epidemic in countries and regions of China, and an input cases have emerged, and the incidents of public health safety are seriously jeopardized.
(7) Other special significant burst public health incidents identified by the State Council's health administrative department.
Event Features
The first feature is the diversity of genesis. For example, a variety of strong infectious diseases. Many public health events are also associated with natural disasters, such as earthquake, floods, fires, etc., like the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, the most important thing is that there will be no new, big epidemic, to achieve the disaster in the earthquake. There is no change in the decidation, so the Party Central Committee also attaches great importance to whether the earthquake has caused a new epidemic, and the government departments at all levels are very concerned, thereby avoiding the situation after the disaster. Public health emergencies are closely related to accident disasters, such as environmental pollution, ecological damage, traffic accidents, etc. Social security incidents are also an important reason for the formation of public health events, such as biological horror. In addition, there are animal epidemics, pathogenic microorganisms, drug hazards, food poisoning, occupational hazards, etc.
The second feature is the difference in distribution. At the time distribution, different seasons, the incidence of infectious diseases will also be different. For example, SARS often occurs in the winter, spring season, and intestinal infectious diseases will occur in summer. Distribution Differences are also expressed in spatial distribution. The regional distribution of infectious diseases is different. It is different from infectious diseases in the south of our country and the north, and there are also people's distribution differences.
The third feature is the extensive propagation. In particular, we are currently in the era of globalization, and a disease can become global dissemination through a modern vehicle transnational flow. In addition, once infectious diseases have three basis circulation links, that is, infectious sources, transmission pathways, and susceptible people, it may be widely spread in the case of no borders, which is the third characteristics, which is the broadness of communication.
The fourth feature is the complexity of hazards. That is, significant hygiene events are not only affected by people's health, but also have a big impact on the environment, economy or even politics. For example, 2003 SARS popular, although the number of people suffering is not the most, the loss of the economy caused by our country is really large.
The fifth feature is the comprehensiveness of governance. Governance requires the combination of four aspects, the first is the combination of technical level and value level, we must not only have certain advanced technology; the second is combined with direct tasks and indirect tasks, it is Direct wishes are also indirect social tasks, so they have to be combined; the third is to combine the responsible departments and other sectors; fourth is international and domestic combination. Only through synthesis governance can improve public events. In addition, when solving the public health care, pay attention to solving some deep problems, such as social institutions, mechanisms, problems, work performance issues, and people's qualifications, so they are integrated to address public health events.
The sixth feature is that the new event is constantly being generated. For example, since 1985, the incidence of AIDS has increased, which seriously jeopardizes people's health; in 2003, SARS epidemic caused people's panic; in recent years, people's avian influenza have made people talk about poultry and color; and people in front of time infected pigs Streptococcus disease, hand and foot and mouth diseases threaten people's health.
seventh features is the variety of types. It is a variety of factors that cause public health events, such as biological factors, natural disasters, food and drug safety incidents, various accident disasters.
The eighth feature is that the problem of foodborne diseases and food poisoning is relatively serious. For example, in 1988, Shanghai Maharacter is outbreak; in 1999, Salmonella contaminated food poisoning; 2001 intestinal bleeding E. coli food in Su Yun area; 2002 Nanjing poisonous rat strong drugs; 2004 inferior milk powder events. These events belong to a hygiene event caused by foodborne diseases and food poisoning.
The ninth feature is that the public health emergency has occurred frequently. The construction of this public health and the investment of public health are related. Public health career is insufficient; neglecting the protection of ecology and abuse of toxic and harmful substances and is nothing to manage, will cause public health incidents frequently.
The tenth feature is a serious harm of public health events. Public health incidents not only affect our health, but also affect the stability of society, affecting the development of the economy. Public health emergencies have many features, civil servants, and relevant departments that manage public health events must master such features.
Emergency Ordinance
subject stripe: " burst public health emergency regulations ".