Personal Profile
Selman Abraham Waksman, July 22, 1888 - August 16, 1973), Ukrainian American Biochemistry Home and microbiologists. Born in Prica, Jewish, Kiki, Ukraine. In 1910, the whole family moved to the United States. In 1911, he entered the University of Rogies. In 1915, he received a bachelor's degree in agronomy. Afterwards to the Professor G · Li Paman, the New Jersey Agricultural Test, continuing to study soil bacteria, in 1916, a master's degree in Rogs University. In the same year, I joined the US, and I won the special researcher in the University of California, Berkeley, and won a doctoral degree in 1918. He has been a doctoral degree from University of Madrid, University of Strasbourg, Princeton University, and Brazil University. From 1930 to 1930, the University of Renlatgers, from 1930 to 1950, a long-term office, the director of the Department of Microbiology, and Director of the Microbiology Research Institute. After retired in 1958, he went to the Teaching University Hospital of Harvard University. On August 16, 1973 died in Haininnis, USA, 85 years old. It is an academician of the National Academy of Sciences and the French Academy of Sciences, an International Soil Society, an American Science Promotion Association, a US Microbiology Society, an Agricultural Association member.
Wachesman has mainly studying soil bacteriology, especially in antibiotic research. In 1940, he found a bacteria. In 1942, he found that Base matrixcin was found in 1943, he published one of his most important discovery - streptomycin, this discovery is the tuberculosis treatment of people think it is invisible. It is a gospel. Subsequently, he also found ash chain bacteria, neomycin, and other numerous antibiotics. Later, he suggested that these substances were named in antibiotics. These findings have opened the door for a large number of antibiotic drugs in the future. Due to this contribution, 1952 Waxman won the Nobel Physiology and Medical Award.
Wacheman has written a lot, mainly: "Enzyme" (1926), "Soil Microbiology Principles" (1927), "Streptomycin Properties and Its Real Applications" (1949), "New Mythromycin "(1952)," I have a lifetime with bacteria "(1954)," release bacteria "(3 volumes, 1959-1962)," Conquer Tuberculosis "(1964)," Plane Mysterin "(1968 )Wait.
Character License
July 22, 1888, born in a Jewish family in Ukraine that belongs to the Russian Empire.
1910, immigration to the United States.
In 1915, he graduated from Rogs College, New Jersey, a bachelor's degree in agriculture.
In 1918, the University of California Berkeley was a doctoral degree.
in 1918, the University of Rogies lecturer.
1930, Professor Rogies University.
in 1958, retired from Rogies University.
Dedicated on August 16, 1973 in Massachusetts.
Research achievements
Soil bacterial bacterial and antibiotics
Wachesman from the student era of soil bacteria. His laboratory is committed to screening separation sterilization ingredients from various bacteria. Because he found streptomycin and other antibiotics, it was called "soil people." It is generally considered that Waxman first uses "antibiotics" new nouns.
Streptomycin
October 19, 1943, Wacchen Men, Successful separation of streptomycin. It was separated by his graduate A. Schatz. Warkman immediately worked with a doctor's doctor's doctor to first use streptomycin to treat tuberculosis patients. This is the first drug that is effective in effective treatment of tuberculosis. The application of streptomycin greatly reduces the number of people died of tuberculosis.
Nobel Prize
Nobel Physiology or Medical Award from 1952 is issued to Waxman, because "he found streptomycin, the first effective antibiotic is used to treat tuberculosis ". But it is generally considered that his award is more than just because of streptomycin, but because he invented a series of separation antibiotics, his laboratory has separated a variety of antibiotics.
1951 Waxman has established a Kaxim Microbiology Foundation with half of the patented fees of his personal. Use this fund to establish a Kaxim Microbiology Institute at Rogas University.
Legal disputes
Wachesman's graduate student A. Schatz believes streptomycin is that he personally separated success, he should also have a Nobel Prize, so I will report it to the court. Warkman once wrote to A. Schatz:
, so you have to fully realize that your contribution is not big on solving the problem of streptomycin. You just study antibiotics in my laboratory. One of the more parts of a great wheel. In this regard, there are many graduate students and research assistants to help me; they are my tools, my hand, if you want to know. This case finally determined SChatz as a chain Mymp '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '.