Historyofdevelopment
FromtheMiddleAgestotheCromwellera
TheUnitedKingdomisanislandcountry.Thenavyisvitaltoitssurvivalanddevelopment.Inhistory,Britainhasbeenrepeatedlyinvadedbyforeignenemiesfromthesea.TheestablishmentofthenavyhasbecomethefocusofBritishdefenseconstruction.Asearlyasthe9thcenturyAD,KingAlfredtheGreat(reignedfrom848to899)formedafleet.
Becauseofthespecialgeographicalenvironment,mostBritishmonarchsattachgreatimportancetotheconstructionanddevelopmentofthenavy.ThistraditionbeganwithHenryVII.AfterHenryVIIIsucceededtothethrone,heinheritedHenryVII'spolicyofattachingimportancetothenavy.HefoundedtheNavyBureau,whichlaterbecameanimportantdepartmentofthecountry,underitsjurisdictionthethreefunctionaldepartmentsofdocks,food,andarmaments,andotherauxiliaryagencies.
In1558,afterHenryVIII’sdaughterElizabethsucceededtothethrone,DrakeandotherBritishadmiralsproposedtoimprovetheBritishnavaltactics,andatthesametimecreatemorepowerfulartillerywithalongerrangesothatenemyshipscouldnotSinkitwhenyougetclose.Britainbegantobuildanewtypeofgalleonin1580.LaterinthenavalbattlewiththeSpanishfleet,thenewshipsandlarge-caliberartilleryoftheBritishfleetplayedahugeroleinthevictoryofthewar,anddefeatedtheSpanishInvincibleFleetattheBattleofGravolinain1588.However,SpainwontheColonnaLisbonexpeditionorganizedbyBritainin1589,andthesituationreversed.
Atthebeginningofthe17thcentury,theBritishmaritimepowersituationworsenedcomparedtothepast.ShipsandtheBritishcoastwereincreasinglyattackedbyBarbarypirates.Thecrackdownhadlittleeffect.Itsmerchantfleetwasalmoststoppedduetopirateattacks.
In1640,abourgeoisrevolutionbrokeoutinBritain.In1649,theUnitedKingdomwasdeclaredarepublic,andCromwellwaselectedastheprotectorofEngland,Scotland,andIreland,andactuallymasteredthepoweroftheBritishstate.AfterCromwellcametopower,aspecialnavalorganizationwasestablishedandastandingnavalfleetwasestablished.
Thenewregimepromulgatedthe"NavigationRegulations",stipulatingthatallmerchantshipstoandfromBritainorBritishcoloniesshouldbecarriedbyBritishships,whichledtothewarwiththeDutchRepublic.IntheearlydaysoftheFirstAnglo-DutchWar,thelargeandheavilyarmedBritishshipswereoffsetbytheDutch'sexcellenttacticalcommandskills,makingthewarinconclusive.AftertheBattleofPortlandin1653,BritainimproveditstacticsandachievedaseriesofdecisivevictoriesinthesubsequentBattleofGabbardandtheBattleofScheveningen,andbroughtfavorableconditionsforpeacetoBritain.
From1660tothe19thcentury
InMay1660,CharlesIIsucceededtothethroneandBritainrestoreditsmonarchy.Hisfirstactionwastorebuildthenavy.Fromthispointalone,thenavywasnolongerthepersonalpropertyofthemonarch,insteaditbecameanationalinstitutionandwasgiventhetitleof"RoyalNavy".
From1655to1675,thetotalnumberofwarshipsintheNetherlandshasbeenmaintainedattheworld'sadvancedlevel.TheeconomicandmilitarystrengthoftheNetherlandsissufficienttocompetewithBritain,anditremainsthemainobstacleandthreatonthepathofBritishbusinessandcolonialexpansion.Therefore,theSecondAnglo-DutchWarandtheThirdAnglo-DutchWarwereafiercestrugglebetweenthetwosides.
Fromthe1670stothe1680s,theBritishnavypermanentlyendedtheBarbarypirates'threattoBritishshipping.AftertheGloriousRevolution,BritainjoinedtheAugsburgLeaguetoparticipateintheGreatAllianceWaragainstthehegemonyofLouisXIV,andalliedwiththeNetherlands.In1692,thevictoryoftheBattleofRahoa(theBattleofRaoulge)broughtaturningpointinthewar,andBritainbegantobecomethestrongestatsea.
IntheWaroftheSpanishSuccession,BritainandtheNetherlandsfoughttogetheratseaagainstFranceandtheSpanish.AtfirsttheyfocusedontheMediterraneanandformedanalliancewithPortugal,occupyingGibraltarandMelorcain1704and1708.From1715to1727thenavyfoughtagainstSwedenandRussiaintheBalticSea.In1718,thenavywasthrownintotheBattleofCapePaserointheWaroftheFourNations.In1739,theNavyparticipatedintheWarofEarsofJenkinsinSpain,mainlytargetingSpanishportsintheCaribbeanSea,butthebattlewasmostlyunsuccessful.
IntheensuingSevenYears'War,thenavy'samphibiousmilitaryoperationsconqueredFrenchcoloniesinCanada,theCaribbeanandWestAfrica.InFebruary1763,BritainandFranceconcludedthe"ParisPeaceTreaty".ThecontractmarkedBritain'sgreatvictoryinthestruggleformaritimesupremacyandlaidthefoundationfortheBritishEmpire.Themaritimepowerbegantoenteritsheydayandbegantomovetowardsthe"seasupremacy"."Thestatus.In1775,theAmericanWarofIndependencebrokeout,andin1778,FrancedeclaredwaronBritain.Inthefollowingyear,SpainagainformedanalliancewithFrance,andFrenchmaritimepowerwasfurtherstrengthened.AfterFranceenteredthewar,thescopeofthewarexpandedtoincludetheAmericas,Gibraltar,theAtlantic,theMediterranean,theWestIndies,andIndia.TheBritishnavyandtheFrenchnavyaretheprotagonistsonthenavalbattlefield,andbothsideshavetheirownvictories.
IntheFrenchRevolutionaryWarandtheNapoleonicWars,NelsondefeatedthecombinedFrenchandSpanishfleetsattheBattleofTrafalgar.ThisvictorymarkedtheculminationofthesuperiorityoftheBritishnavyfordecades.TheViennaConferenceof1815markedtheestablishmentofBritishmaritimesupremacy.Untiltheendofthe19thcentury,theBritishnavyhadanabsoluteadvantageintheworld.Inthepastcentury,nocountryhadthepowertochallengeitsmaritimesupremacy.
In1889,ParliamentpassedtheNavy’sNationalDefenseActandformallypassedthe"TwoPowersStandard",whichstipulatedthattheRoyalNavyshouldmaintainatleastthesamenumberofbattleshipsasthesecondtwonavalpowers.sum.Inthemid-1990s,theinternationalsituationchangeddrastically.FranceandRussiaformedanalliance,theambitiousGermanylaunchedalarge-scalenavalplan,theUnitedStatesandJapancontinuedtoexpandtheirterritory,andBritainfeltisolatedandinsecure.
Early20thcentury-1945
Afterenteringthe20thcentury,theRoyalNavyisstillthemostpowerfulnavyintheworld.DuringtheFirstWorldWar,theBritishNavywasfurtherdevelopedandstrengthenedduetotheneedtoblockadeanddefeattheGermanHighSeasFleet.Bytheendofthewar,theBritishNavyhadonceagainachievedapositionfarstrongerthanothernavalpowers,andthegapbetweenitanditsmaincompetitorshadalsowidened.
Althoughthewarisover,theintensityofthenavalcompetitionhasnoteasedduetothedefeatofGermanyandthecancellationoftheGermannavy.Britain’smaritimehegemonyisfacingnewchallenges.MaintainingseapowerisatraditionalBritishpolicy.Facedwiththenewcompetitivesituationintheinternationalnavalfieldafterthewar,theBritishgovernment'sinitialresponsewastomaintainitsmaritimehegemonyatallcosts.Inthisway,justafterWorldWarI,alargernavalarmsracewasunfoldedamongseveralmajorpowers.
IntheearlydaysofWorldWarII,theRoyalNavyprovidedimportantprotectionfortheevacuationoftheBritishExpeditionaryForceinDunkirk.AttheBattleofTaranto,AdmiralCunninghamdecidedtousecarrier-basedaviationtocarryoutairstrikesontheportofTaranto.Thisisthefirsttimeanaircraftcarriercarrier-basedaircrafthasattackedanavyshipinhistory.TheRoyalNavysufferedheavylossesinthefirsttwoyearsofthewar.IncludingtheRoyalArk,Brave,GloryandRoyalOak.TheLancasterwassunkbyaLuftwaffebomberonJune17,1940offtheportofSaint-NazaireinFrance.ThisincidentwasthesinglemostdeadlyincidentinthehistoryofBritishnavigation,anditwasalsotheworstcasualtyincidentintheUnitedKingdominWorldWarII.However,theBattleoftheMouthofLaPlatain1939,theBattleofNarvikin1940,andthesinkingoftheproudGermanbattleshipBismarckinMay1941stabilizeditssuperiorityonthewatersoftheAtlanticOcean.Inadditiontoprovidingcoverduringoperations,defendingsearoutesalsoenablesBritishtroopstofightinremoteareasoftheworld,suchasNorthAfrica,theMediterranean,andtheFarEast.Thehegemonyofthenavyisalsocrucialforamphibiouslandingoperations,suchasOperationTorch,SicilyLanding,andNormandyLanding.RoyalNavyshipsalsoplayedavitalroleinescortingthemerchantfleetacrosstheAtlanticandArcticOceansandprotectingotheralliesfromair,surface,andunderwaterattacks.TheGermanbattlecruiserScharnhorstwassunkin1943whileattemptingtoattackanAlliedmerchantfleet.Bytheendofthewar,theRoyalNavyhad4,800ships,makingitthesecondlargestfleetintheworld.
AfterWorldWarII
AfterWorldWarII,theBritishcoloniesundertheimpactofthenationalliberationmovementbecameindependent,andthe"sunneversetempire"wasfragmented.InthelateColdWar,themainforceoftheBritishnavycontractedtotheNorthAtlanticwaters,whichuseditsspecialgeographicalpositionasanimportantstrategichubintheWestandthestrategicdepthofWesternEuropeintheconfrontationbetweentheEastandtheWest,aswellasitsrichanti-submarineexperience.Ithastakenontheimportanttaskof"nucleardeterrenceandprotectionofmaritimelinesofcommunication",thuswinningaspecialdefenseandpoliticalpositionforBritaininNATO.
OneofthemostimportantmilitaryoperationsthattheRoyalNavytookpartinafterWorldWarIIwastheMalvinasIslandsWar.Asaresult,Argentinafailed.Despitethelossoffournavalshipsandothercivilianships,theRoyalNavywonthe8,000-mile(12,000-kilometer)warontheBritishmainland.Thewaremphasizedtheimportanceofaircraftcarriersandsubmarines.
AttheendoftheColdWar,theBritishNavy,whichchantedtheslogan"ReturntotheNorthAtlantic",appearedagainandagainto"showitsskills".FromtheGulf,Kosovo,Afghanistan,IraqandLibyawars,theyservedalmostwithoutservice.ThevanguardoftheUnitedStates.
Now,thegloryof"thesunneversets"isgone.However,itisundeniablethattheRoyalNavyisstillamodernmaritimeforcewithaleanoverallscale,balancedstructure,advancedtechnologyandequipment,richtraditions,andstrongcombatcapabilities.ThisisthepracticalneedforBritaintomaintainits"globalinfluence",anditisalsothecornerstoneofitssupportforthestatusofaseriesofmajorpowerssuchasapermanentmemberoftheUNSecurityCouncil,anuclearpower,aleaderoftheCommonwealth,amajormemberofNATO,andthemostimportantstrategicallyoftheUnitedStates.
Surfaceships
Amphibiouswarships
ThetwoQueenElizabeth-classaircraftcarriersthathavebeeninservicereplacethethreeretiredInvincible-classaircraftcarriersandbecomethebackboneoftheRoyalNavyinthefuture..Thetwoaircraftcarriersareworthabout3.9billionpoundsandhaveadisplacementof65,000tons;theywerecompletedin2014and2016,andtheywillbecomecombateffective25yearslater.TheywillcarryF-35BfighterstoreplacetheretiredHarrierfighters;the21,700-tonclassamphibiousassaultshipthatcancarry30helicoptersand800soldiersinservicein1999;andthetwoinservicebetween2003and2004The21,500-tonOceanSonclassamphibiousdocklandingshiphasjoinedtheRoyalNavyoneafteranother,andthenfour16,190-tonBay-classauxiliarylandingshipshavebeeninservice,whichhasgreatlyimprovedtheRoyalNavy’samphibiouscombatcapabilities.
EscortFleet
TheRoyalNavy'sescortfleethas6Type45destroyers,13Type23frigates,andisdevelopinganupdated6000-tonType26frigatetoreplacetheabovefrigates.
NuclearSubmarineForce
Thenuclearsubmarineforceisundergoingrenewal,andfournewlydesignedandalert-levelattacknuclearsubmarinesareunderconstruction.ThenewsubmarineislargerthanthepreviousgenerationTrafalgar-classattacknuclearsubmarine,withanunderwaterdisplacementof7,800tons.InDecember2006,theauthoritiesexpressedtheirintentiontoreplacetheactiveavant-garde-classstrategicmissilenuclearsubmarineswithnewsubmarines,andtheupdatewillbecompletedin2024;theUKwillcontinuetomaintainanuclearsubmarineforcecapableoflaunchingsubmarine-launchednuclearmissiles.
Totalnumberofships
AsofJune6,2013,thelastType42destroyer,theEdinburgh,wasdecommissioned.
11submarines:Avant-garde-classnuclearsubmarines4,TrafalErga-classattacknuclearsubmarine4ships,Smart-classnuclearsubmarine3ships;
2aircraftcarriers:QueenElizabeth-classaircraftcarriers2ships
2amphibiousships:AlbionclassDocklandingship2ships
19destroyers:Type45destroyers6ships,Type23frigates13ships;
15minesweepers:Hunterclassminesweepers8ships,Sandownclassminesweepers7ships;
24patrolships
4investigationships
2otherships:SailbattleshipVictory1ship,Bristol-classdestroyer1;
13auxiliaryships.
Commandorganization
ThenominalcommanderoftheRoyalNavyisLordHighAdmiral,theactualcommanderFirstSeaLord(FirstSeaLord),inadditiontobeinganadmiral,heisalsoamemberoftheDefenseCouncil(DefenceCouncil).
NavyHighLevel
AsofJuly2007:
TheSupremeCommander(LordHighAdmiral):QueenElizabethIIofEngland
p>NavyChiefofStaff(FirstSeaLord):AdmiralSirJonathanBand
FleetCommand
Commander-in-chiefFleethascommandincludingTheRoyalMarineCorpsandtheRoyalAuxiliaryNavy,includingallavailableshipsfordeployment.TheGeneralCommandislocatedattheRoyalNavy'sPortsmouthNavalBaseinthesouthoftheUnitedKingdom,whiletheOperationalCommandislocatedinNorthwood,asuburbofLondon;itisclosetotheBritishJointHeadquartersandNATO'sRegionalCommand.
Facingdisarmament
BritishPrimeMinisterCameronformallyannouncedinParliamentonOctober19,2010thewidelywatched"StrategicDefenseReview"report,someofwhichhavebeendisclosedbythemediabefore.Thedetailsareconfirmed.Thisreport,knownasthe"bigreductionplan,"showsthatBritain'smilitaryequipmentandpersonnelwillbegreatlyreduced.
ThereportshowsthatHarrierfighterswillbereduced,andtheRoyalNavy’sflagship,theUSSArk,willberetiredfouryearsaheadofschedule;thismeansthatby2019,theBritishNavywillhavenoaircrafttotakeofffromthecarrier.
Cameronsaidthatmilitaryspendingwillbecutby8%inthenextfouryears,and42,000positionsintheDepartmentofDefenseandthemilitarywillbecut.TheseincludetheRoyalNavyandAirForce’slayoffsof5,000personnel,theArmy’sreductionof7,000personnel,andtheMinistryofDefense’sreductionof25,000civilianpositions.
Inthereductionplan,thenavyandairforcearerelativelymoreaffected.Before2015,thenavyreducedto30,000,andthenumberoffrigatesanddestroyerswillbereducedfrom23to19by2020.AlthoughtherenewalplanfortheTridentnuclearmissilesystemwillcontinuetoadvance,thewarheadscarriedbyeachshipwillbereducedfrom48to40;therenewalperiodoftheactiveTridentnuclearsubmarinewillbeextendeduntilafterthenextgeneralelectionin2016;plannedThetwoaircraftcarriersofChinawillcontinuetobebuilt,butoneofthemwillextendthepreparationtimeforconstructionandbesealedforalongtime.
Famousbattleship
SailbattleshipVictory
isafirstclassBritishRoyalNavySailbattleship.Constructionstartedin1759andcompletedin1765.ItparticipatedintheBattleofAshentefrom1778to1781whentheAmericanWarofIndependencebrokeout.Later,intheFrenchRevolutionof1797,itparticipatedintheBattleofCapeSaintVincentanddefeatedtheSpanishNavy.ItlaterparticipatedintheBattleofTrafalgarduringtheNapoleonicperiod,duringwhichtimeitwasfamousforbeingtheflagshipoftheDeputyAdmiralNelsonandbreakingthecombinedfleetofFazi(FranceandSpain).Victoryisalsotheoldestwarshipinexistence.ItisnowparkedinthedrydockinPortsmouth,England,andisusedasafloatingmuseum.
TheDreadnoughtbattleship
isabattleshipofanepoch-makingdesignoftheBritishRoyalNavy.Itisfarsuperiortosimilarwarshipsofthesameperiodandisthefirstdreadnoughtshipinhistory.Intrepidwasthefirstlargebattleshiptousefoursteamturbinespropulsionunits,whichweremorepowerfulthantheoldreciprocatingsteamunits,anditstopspeedof21knotsexceededanyexistingbattleshipatthetime.Thereliabilityofdrivingathighspeedforalongtimeisalsoverygood.
Dreadnought’scomprehensivedefensecapabilityisnolessthanthatofanywarship.Thearmorissurface-hardened,andthethicknessofimportantpartsisashighas11inches.Thewatertighttanksunderthewaterlinedonothavehorizontalconnectingdoorstostrengthenthewatertightstructureandimprovetheanti-sinkingability.
Warspitebattleship
isaQueenElizabeth-classbattleshipoftheBritishRoyalNavy.TheshiplaunchedattheDavenportRoyalShipyardonDecember26,1913isoneofthemostprestigiousshipsoftheRoyalNavy.DuringWorldWarII,theWarspitereceivedthenickname"HonorableOldMan"forbeingpraisedbySirAndrewCunningham.Ladies"isfamous.TheWarspite,likeothershipsofthesameclass,wasdesignedbytwopeople,oneofwhomwasSirJohnFisher.Hewasthedesignerofthefirstdreadnoughtshipinhistory:whenthebattleshipDreadnoughtwaslaunched,hewasthefirstministerofseaaffairs.TheotherwasWinstonChurchill,thenSecretaryoftheNavy,whowastheprimaryroleinfacilitatingthedesignandconstructionoftheQueenElizabeth-classbattleship.AfterhepersuadedtheretiredSirFishertocomebackoutofthemountain,hewasinfluencedbythelatter'sshipbuildingideas.
SportsGodaircraftcarrier
isanaircraftcarrierdesignedandbuiltbytheRoyalNavy.The"SportsGod"aircraftcarrierwasorderedbytheRoyalNavyin1917.Itwasthefirstspeciallydesignedaircraftcarrierandisconsideredtheancestorofmodernaircraftcarriers.Constructionofthe"SportsGod"startedin1918.DuetotheendoftheFirstWorldWarandtheneedforalargenumberofexperimentsonthestructurallayout;theconstructionprogresswasslow,anditwasonlycompletedandcommissionedin1923.Itispoweredbyasteamturbineandhasaspeedof25knots.Adoptinganewdesign:aclosedbow,combiningthebridge,mastandchimneyintoalargeislandlocatedontherightsideoftheall-passflightdeck.Atthattime,thenumberofaircraftcarriedwas20.Asthesizeofthecarrieraircraftincreased,thenumberofaircrafthaddroppedto16.InWorldWarII,inCeylon,IndianOceaninApril1942,the"Kingshin"wassunkbyacarrieraircraftofthe1stAirFleetoftheImperialJapaneseNavy.
WorldWarIINavy
BritishWorldWarIINavyestablishment,shipmodel
Basicallyasfollows
1.Aircraftcarrier:
1.Fleetaircraftcarrier,lightaircraftcarrierandescortaircraftcarrier
(1)FleetcarrierHurricanes
(2)Braveclassfleetaircraftcarrier:
Braveandglorious.
(3)TheRoyalArkFleetAircraftCarrier
(4)GloryClassFleetAircraftCarrier:
Glory(R.87),victory(R.38),awesome(R.67).
(5)TheIndomitableFleetAircraftCarrier:
Indomitable(R.92).
(6)EagleII-classfleetaircraftcarrier:
Eagle(R05,formerlyknownasBold),RoyalArk(R09,formerlyknownasInvincible),Eagle(R94Eagle)Theconstructionplanwascancelled.
(7)Unicornlightaircraftcarrier:
Unicorn(I.72).
(8)Giant-classlightaircraftcarrier:
Giant(R.61),Revenge(R.71),Respect(R63),GodofWar(D.76/R.76/A.198),Glory(R.62),
Ocean(R.68),Triumph(R.16/A.108),Theseus(R.64),Perseus(D.51/R.51/A.197),Warriors(R.31).
(9)Majestic-classlightaircraftcarrier:
Majestic(R.77),Majestic(R.36),Horrible(R.93)),Levitan(R.97),Youli(R.95),Cepheus(R.49).
(10)Centaur-classlightaircraftcarrier:
Centaur(R.06),England(R.07),GodofCompetition(R.12originalgiantelephant),barrier(R.08).
(11)TheescortaircraftcarrierBold
(12)Theactiveaircraftcarrier
(13)Pretoriaaircraftcarrier
(14)NairnCounty-classaircraftcarrier:NairnCounty,Vidic.
(15)TheaircraftcarrierUSSCampania
(16)TheaircraftcarrierUSSSagittarius:
Sagittarius(D.78formermerchantshipMormacland).
(17)Avengingclassaircraftcarrier:
Avenger(D.14formerlyBAVG.2),Scammer(D.97formerlyBAVG.3),
Theattacker(CVE.30formerlyD.27),andtheadversary(D.37formerlyBAVG.5).
(18)Attacker-classaircraftcarrier:
Tracker(BAVG.6beforeD.24),Combatant(CVEbeforeD.18.6Altamaha),
Attacker(CVE.7BarnesbeforeD.2),Hunter(CVE.8BlockIslandbeforeD.80),
Stalker(D.32formerCVE.10Breton),Fencer(D.64formerCVE.14Croatan),Strider(D.91CVE.15Hamlin),Follower(D.73formerACV.17St.George),
Batterer(CVE.19PrinceWilliambeforeD.12),Searcher(D.40CVE.22),
Predator(CVE.24beforeD.70).
(19)Emir-classaircraftcarrier:
Slinger(pre-D.26CVE.32Chatham),Prince(pre-D.51CVE.33Glacier),Emperor(CVE.34PybusbeforeD.98),
Emir(CVE.35BaffinsbeforeD.01),Princess(CVE.36BolinasbeforeD.38),Trumpeter(CVE.37BastianbeforeD.37),
Queen(CVE.38CarnegiebeforeD.42),GovernorofEgypt(D.62Cordova),Speaker(D.90Delgada),
p>
LocalGovernor(D.77Edisto),PrimeMinister(D.23Estero),KingofIran(D.21),Patrolman(D.07Keneenaw),FemaleLord(D.03Niantic),Lord(D.48Sunset),
Attacker(D.85Perdido),Queen(D.19St.Andrews),Ruler(D.72St.Joseph),
Arbiter(D.31St.Simon),Punisher(D.55Vermillion),Perforator(D.79Willapa),
Reaper(D.82Winjah).
2.Merchantaircraftcarrier:
(1)McCabeineEmpire-classMerchantShipCarrier:
McCabeineEmpire,McKendrickEmpire.
(2)McAndrewEmpire-classMerchantMarineAircraftCarrier:
KeAndrewEmpire,MacDamotEmpire,McLeanEmpire,McCaumEmpire.
(3)Lapana-classcommercialaircraftcarrier:
Lapana,Omanstan,Acenius,Akaus,YaniWestAsia,Miralda,Adura.
(4)McCainEmpire-classMerchantMarineAircraftCarrier:
McCainEmpire,McCainEmpire,McMahonEmpire,McCabeempire.
3.Seaplanecarrier:
(1)Egadin-classseaplanecarrier:
EgadinUSS,Riviera
(2)Manx-classseaplanecarrier:
Manx,VidicNo.
(3)HMSRoyalArkSeaplaneCarrier
(4)AlbatrossSeaplaneCarrier
(5)Athena-classseaplanecarrier:
Athena,OgadineII.
4.Experimentalaircraftcarrier:
(1)TheHundredEyesGiantexperimentalaircraftcarrier
(2)Theexperimentalaircraftcarrier"Jingshen"
(3)TheexperimentalaircraftcarrierofRevenge
(4)TheexperimentalaircraftcarrierofEagle
2.Battleship:
(1)GeorgeV-classbattleship:
KingGeorgeV(KingGeorgeV),PrinceofWales,DukeofYork,Anson,Howe.
(2)QueenElizabeth-classbattleship:
QueenElizabeth,Warspite,Barham,
Warrior,Malaya.
(3)Nelson-classbattleship:
Nelson(Nelson),Rodney(Rodney).
(4)Admiral-classbattlecruiser:
Hood
(5)Prestige-classbattlecruiser:
Renown,Repulse.
(6)R-classbattleship:
RoyalSovereign,Revenge,Resolution,
Ramillis,RoyalOak.
(7)BattleshipVanguard:
I72Vanguard.
3.Cruisers
1.Heavycruisers
(1)Kent-classheavycruisers:
Kent,Berwick,Cumberland,Cornwall,Suffolk.
(2)York-classheavycruiser:
York,Exeter.
(3)London-classheavycruiser:
London,Devon,Sussex,Shropshire.
(4)Norfolk-classheavycruiser:
Norfolk,Dorset.
(5)Hawkins-classheavycruiser:
Cavendish,Hawkins,Raleigh,Frobius,YingfuHam.
2,lightcruisers
(6)Calidon-classlightcruisers:
Calidon,Calypso,Karadok,Kassandra.
(7)Southampton-classlightcruiser:
Southampton,Newcastle,Sheffield,Glasgow,Birmingham.
(8)Dido-classlightcruiser(airdefense):
(Firstbatch)Dido,Bonaventure,MoonGoddess.
(Secondbatch)Hermion,Eurasian,WaterNymph,Cleopatra(alsoknownasQueenofEgypt),Sirius,Argusailor.
(Thirdbatch)CallyBudis,six-headedbanshee.
(9)Leander-classlightcruiser:
Leander,Achilles,Neptune,Orion,Ajax.
(10)Edinburghlightcruiser:
Edinburgh,Belfast.
(11)Uganda-classlightcruisers(thesecondbatchofFiji-class):
Uganda,Newfoundland,andCeylon.
3.Othercruisers
(12)FemaleAres-classcruisers(airdefense):
Spartans,royalists,GoddessofWar,BlackPrince,Crown.
(13)TheSeres-classcruiser:
Cardiff,Seres,Coventry*,Curaçao*,KoLuhao.
(14)Danaë-classcruisers:
(Thefirstbatchof"D"-classcruisers):Danae,Bold,Dragon.
("ThesecondbatchofD-classcruisers"):Delhi,Durban,Deomed,Despaqi.
(15)Xianlin-classcruiser:
Xianlin,Galati(alsoknownasthelivingstatue),Penelope,andthegoddessofdawn.
(16)Gloucester-classcruiser:
Liverpool,Manchester,Gloucester.
(17)Fiji-classcruiser:
Fiji,Kenya,Nigeria,Mauritius,Trinidad,Gambia,Jamaica,Bermuda.
(18)Fast-classcruiser:
Ontario,fast,minotaur,gorgeous.
(19)CapeTownclasscruiser:
Carlisle,Colombo*,Kolkata*,Cairo*,CapeTown.
(20)E-classcruiser:
Emerald,enthusiastic.
(21)MilitaryAbudir-classfastmine-layingship:
Abudir,Latona,IsleofMan,WellsPeople,Ariani,Apollo.
(22)MadeCruiserAdventure
4.Destroyer:
(1)OldS-classdestroyer,V/WClassdestroyer,Shakespeareclassdestroyer,
Scottclassdestroyer,cityclassdestroyer;
(2)TypeAtestdestroyer,****fleetdestroyer,BclassfleetDestroyer,ClassCFleetDestroyer
ClassDFleetDestroyer,ClassEFleetDestroyer,ClassFFleetDestroyer,ClassGFleetDestroyer
ClassHFleetDestroyer,ClassIFleetDestroyer,JClassfleetdestroyer,ClassKfleetdestroyer
ClassLfleetdestroyer,ClassMfleetdestroyer,ClassNfleetdestroyer
(3)ClassOmulti-purposedestroyer,ClassPmulti-purposedestroyer,Q-classmulti-purposedestroyer,R-classmulti-purposedestroyer,
S-classmulti-purposedestroyer,T-classmulti-purposedestroyer,U-classmulti-purposedestroyer,V-classmulti-purposedestroyer,
Z-classmulti-purposedestroyer,tribal-classfleetdestroyer,C****multi-purposedestroyer,
(4)Combat-classairdefensedestroyer
(5)Hunting-classescortdestroyers:
Thefirstbatchofhunting-classdestroyers(Etherstonclass),thesecondbatchofhunting-classdestroyers(Blanckneyclass),
Thethirdbatchofhuntingclassdestroyers(Albrightonclass)andthefourthbatchofhuntingclassdestroyers(Breconclass).
V.Submarine
(1)ClassAPatrolSubmarine
Huangquan,EniasP-427*,Soyuz
(2)Dolphin-classmine-layingsubmarine
TheDolphinisthelastsubmarinesunkbytheRoyalNavysofar.
TheSeaLion37MstruckamineonMay4,1940andwascapturedbytheGermans.
Thekillerwhaleandthespermwhale.
(3)L-classocean-goingsubmarineusedfortraininginWorldWarII.
(4)O-classocean-goingsubmarine:Obailong,Odin,Olympus,Orpheus,Otus,OakleyNo.
(5)P-classocean-goingsubmarine:Parthia,Perseus
(6)R-classocean-goingsubmarineb>:Rainbow
(7)S-classmediumpatrolsubmarine:
TravelnumberP-211*wastransferredtothePortugueseNavyafterWorldWarII
ImmigrationP-212*wassunkbytheItalianNavyin1943
TheSanguinedidnothavetimetoparticipateinWorldWarII,andwassoldtotheIsraeliNavyin1958.
TheCentaurP-214*sanktheGermansubmarineU-987in1944.
ReriP-258*hasbeeninserviceintheIndianOceansinceitscompletion.
Salmon,Saracen,Scotsman,Sturgeon
(8)T-classlargepatrolsubmarine
P.311ItisanunnamedsubmarineintheT-class.TheLittleLakewastransferredtotheRoyalDutchNavy.
CoatnumberP-542*,SilentOne,Shouter,GlassWineCellar,Haste,Tapir,Taramax.
(9)U-classoffshoresubmarine
TheNessiewassunkbytheGermansin1940.Fortunately,itsmemberswererescuedbytheGermans.Andstayedintheprisoner-of-warcampuntiltheendofthewar.
Anodenumber,integritynumber,supporternumber.
(10)ClassVoffshoresubmarine:Vampire,Prairie.
(11)X-classminiaturesubmarine:X-4,XE-5,XE-7,X-9,X-class-E,X-class-T,X-class-Productiontype,X-level-prototype.
(12)River-classfleetsubmarine:Thistypeofsubmarineismainlyusedastheavant-gardeofthefleet,includingtheThamesandtheRiverSeid.
Six.Otherships
(1)Thehuntingclasscruiseship
Thehuntingclasscruiseshipwasintheearly1930sBuiltinWorldWarIItoprotectthelongcoastlineoftheUnitedKingdommadeagreatcontribution.
(2)Flower-classcruiseship
Theflower-classcruiseshipwasamasterpieceofWorldWarI,butitisstillcompetentforanti-submarineandescorttasks.
(3)Bay-classfrigate
TheGulf-classfrigateismainlyusedforoffshoreanti-submarine,K-428.
(4)River-classfrigate
Theriver-classfrigatecanberegardedasanenhancedversionoftheBay-classfrigate,withK-561.
(5)Flower-classsubmarine
Flower-classsubmarineissuitableformassproductionandhasachievedfruitfulresultsintheAtlanticOcean.ThereisK-129.
(6)Castle-classsubmarinedriving
Thecastle-classdrivingsubmarineissuitableforconstructioninasmallshipyard,andthereisK-494.
(7)Swan-classsubmarinedrive
Theblackswan-classsubmarinedrivehasachievedfruitfulresults.Manyanti-submarineaceisdrivingittohuntseawolves.U-66.
(8)Anti-submarinesonartug
Theanti-submarinesonartugispartoftheRoyalNavy'semergencyplan.
(9)AmericanLibertyShip
AlargenumberofBritishmerchantmarinesareequipped.