four major stoves
Latest ranking
On this list released by the China Meteorological Bureau National Climate Center, the researchers based on the weather in the last 31 years. The comprehensive analysis of the data is obtained by the top 10 provincial capitals or municipalities in the top of summer heat. It is: Chongqing, Fuzhou, Hangzhou, Nanchang, Changsha, Wuhan, Xi'an, Nanjing, Hefei, Nanning.
Results
In this regard, the National Climate Center Climate and Climate Change Assessment Room Zhang Caijie researchers believe that the "stove" reflects the public's intuitive feelings, but has not been clear Definitions and standards.
It is understood that in the analysis and research of "hot urban", the factors considering the heat index (a index of the index mainly impact the temperature and relative humidity on the compliance of the human body), high temperature days, Continuous high temperature days, the average temperature in the summer, and the lowest temperature and other elements.
In the past 31 years, China has a large number of high temperature days, the most high temperature has the most mainly two regions, one is near the Turpan Basin in the eastern part of Xinjiang, and the other is to include Hangzhou, Nanchang, Changsha, Fuzhou and other cities. The south of Jiangnan, Jiangnan.
According to this study, the public's traditional "fire furnace" city, such as Wuhan, Nanjing, is still in the list, but ranking has exited "Top Top". Zhang Fujie introduced that this is related to the annual changes in China's climate. "Meteorological research shows that China's South-North climate change is about 20 to 30 years of oscillation cycle. From the 30 years of time scale, the temperature growth rate of the Yangtze River basin city has no other city, especially in many cities in northern China. "
In the context of global warming, China's summer heat is generally enhanced, and the list of" stove "is getting longer. Meteorological data shows that China has risen by 1.38 degrees from 1951 to 2010, an increase of 0.23 degrees every 10 years, and the global warming is basically consistent, extreme high temperature events and high temperature days are expanded, and frequency increase.
, in the forefront of Chongqing, Fuzhou, Hangzhou, Nanchang four cities were named "new four fire stoves" by many netizens.
Expert comment
Liu Huang Sheng, the Wuhan Meteorological Station, said that it is said that a city is hot, you need to consider a variety of factors, such as the highest temperature, average temperature, higher than 35 ° C high temperature days, The temperature is poor in temperature (refers to the difference between the temperature in the day and the lowest value), the relative humidity of the air. Everyone is popular, the "fire furnace" reflects the public's intuitive feelings, but has not had a clear definition and standard.
The results show that the traditional "fire furnace" city such as Wuhan and Nanjing, the public is still in the list, but the ranking has exited "four strong". Liu Huang Sheng introduced that this is related to China's climate change. In the past decade, there will be no change in the temperature growth rate of the Yangtze River Basin city, and many cities in northern China are faster.
Stove City Genesis
Environmental Factors
For nearly a hundred years, or since the beginning of the industry revolution, human beings have more destruction of the environment more than any era in history. It is said that more than 100 years of human damage has exceeded the history of the entire humanity. Such as the lake is filled, the river is blocked, the road, the mountains are flat, and the low-lying land is lifted, and the industrial pollution is serious, the emissions are large, the gas is high, and the temperature of the temperature is inevitably brings to the bad climate. It has already formed a periodic atmospheric circulation that has been changed, and the ocean circle is also changed, and the climate is of course huge.
Geographic Factors
In addition to the weather system of the Pacific subtropical high pressure, geographic factors are also an important condition for the formation of high temperature hot cities. High-temperature hot cities are basically in low-lying areas such as valleys, river valles, basins, poor air circulation and small wind. Therefore, under solar radiation, the temperature rises soon. The low-lying area close to the mountain is prone to "burning effect" and one of the reasons for high temperatures. "Burning effect" refers to that the water vapor is rising due to the more humid air rises in the wind, and the air has become more dry after the top of the mountain, and then the temperature will be more dry along the backward slope. The air becomes more dry. And hot.
Artificial factors
1961-2013 high temperature reverb number "Stove" urban increase, is the result of climate warming and urban heat island effect. Urbanization has gradually changed the upper cushion surface, road, square, building and other cities previously based on green ground, is composed of sandstone, asphalt, reinforced concrete and artificial firing bricks and metals. A similar characteristic is similar to rock, absorbing the solar radiation is larger than green, and the reflectance is small, and therefore, it is more radiated. In addition, people's activities also make urban hot, human development of factories, and cars used are heat sources.
Global surface observation data analysis shows that the global climate presents a significant change in warming as a main feature, especially in nearly 50 years agreed. In the context of global climate warming, my country's climate also changes significantly, and the average temperature in the surface is significantly increased, and the temperature rise is slightly higher than the global average of the same period.
Therefore, human factors become one of the important reasons for the new four "fire stove" cities.
How to deal with
my country has also made tremendous efforts in response to global warming, the total measures can be summarized as three points:
< P> 1. Reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide.2. Planting forest, forests play a greater role in absorption, fixed carbon dioxide.
3. International cooperation. The advantage of international cooperation is that China can obtain funds and technology in China, achieving sustainable development; on the other hand, developed countries use carbon transactions to purchase reduction indicators in different places to help them achieve their own emission reduction tasks.
For natural disasters, it is best to predict the forecast; it is not possible to predict the forecast, it can only minimize disasters after the disaster occurs. This is of course the basic approach to human warming, and is also the basic policy that China can take. But in China, no matter what specific approach, the difficulties facing more than other countries, especially developed countries.