Concept
(Modulardesign)Theso-calledmodulardesignissimplytocombinecertainelementsoftheproducttoformasub-systemwithspecificfunctions.Asauniversalmodule,thesystemiscombinedwithotherproductelementstoformanewsystemandproduceaseriesofproductswithdifferentfunctionsorthesamefunctionanddifferentperformance.Modulardesignisoneofthegreendesignmethods.Ithaschangedfromaconcepttoamorematuredesignmethod.Combininggreendesignideaswithmodulardesignmethodscansimultaneouslymeetthefunctionalattributesandenvironmentalattributesofproducts.Ontheonehand,itcanshortenproductdevelopmentandmanufacturingcycles,increaseproductseries,improveproductquality,andquicklyrespondtomarketchanges;ontheotherhand,Itcanreduceoreliminatetheadverseimpactontheenvironment,andfacilitatethedisassembly,recyclinganddisposalafterreuse,upgrade,maintenanceandproductdisposal.
Definition
Modulardesignreferstothedivisionanddesignofaproductonthebasisoffunctionalanalysisofproductswithdifferentfunctionsorthesamefunction,differentperformance,anddifferentspecificationswithinacertainrange.Aseriesoffunctionalmodules,throughtheselectionandcombinationofmodules,canformdifferentproductstomeetthedifferentneedsofthemarketdesignmethods.
Principles
①Strivetoformasmanyproductsaspossiblewithasmallnumberofmodules,andonthebasisofmeetingrequirements,maketheproductshavehighprecision,stableperformance,simplestructure,andlowcost.Theconnectionbetweenthemisassimpleaspossible;
②Theserializationofmodulesisaimedatmeetingusers'requirementswithlimitedproductvarietiesandspecificationstothemaximumandeconomicallyandreasonably.
Principle
Modularproductsareaneffectivewaytoachievethegoalofsingle-pieceproductionwiththebenefitoflargequantities.Productmodularizationisalsoaneffectivewaytosupportusersindesigningtheirownproducts.Productmodulesarestandardcomponentswithindependentfunctionsandinputandoutput.Thecomponentsheregenerallyincludesub-components,assemblies,andparts.Theprincipleofthemodularproductdesignmethodistodivideanddesignaseriesoffunctionalmodulesonthebasisoffunctionalanalysisofproductswithdifferentfunctionsorthesamefunction,differentperformanceanddifferentspecificationswithinacertainrange,throughtheselectionandcombinationofmodulesItconstitutesproductscustomizedbydifferentcustomerstomeetthedifferentneedsofthemarket.Thisistheapplicationoftheprincipleofsimilarityinthefunctionandstructureoftheproduct.Itisaneffectiveunifiedstandardizationmethodthatrealizestheorganiccombinationofstandardizationanddiversification,aswellasmultiplevarieties,smallbatchesandefficiency.
Serialization
Introduction
Themoduleintheseriesofproductsisakindofgeneral-purposepart.Modularizationandserializationhavebecomeatrendinthedevelopmentofequipmentproductstoday.
Threemajorfeatures
Modulesarefunctionalunitsofmodulardesignandmanufacturing,withthreemajorfeatures:
1.Relativeindependence,canbeindependentofthemoduleDesign,manufacture,debug,modifyandstore,whichisconvenientfordifferentspecializedcompaniestoproduceseparately;
2.Interchangeability,standardizationofthestructure,sizeandparametersofthemoduleinterfacepart,easytorealizethemoduleInterchangebetweenthemodules,sothatthemodulescanmeettheneedsofalargernumberofdifferentproducts;
3.Versatility,isconducivetorealizethecommonalityofmodulesbetweenhorizontalseriesandverticalseriesproducts,andrealizecross-seriesproductsThegeneralpurposeofthemodule.
(1)Therelationshipbetweenmodularizationandserialization,combination,generalization,andstandardization
ModulardesigntechnologyconsistsofproductserializationandcombinationItisconceivedbytheneedsofglobalization,generalizationandstandardization.Thepurposeofserializationistouselimitedvarietiesandspecificationsofproductstomeetthedemandside'srequirementsforproductstothegreatestextentandinamoreeconomicalandreasonablemanner.Combinationisaspecialproductthatusessomegeneralseriescomponentsandasmallnumberofspecialcomponentsandparts.Generalizationreferstotheuseofmaturecomponentsoftheoriginalproduct,whichnotonlyshortensthedesigncycleandreducescosts,butalsoincreasesthequalityandreliabilityoftheproduct.Standardizedpartsareinfacttheuniversalizationofawiderrangeofpartsacrossvarieties,manufacturers,andevenindustries.Duetothishighdegreeofgeneralization,thiskindofpartscanbemanufacturedseparatelybyaseparatedepartmentofthefactoryoraspecialfactory.
(2)Productmodularization,serializationdesignclassificationandlibrarymanagement
Productmodulesrequireahighdegreeofuniversality,comparedtothenon-modulepartoftheproduct.Largebatchesaremorebeneficialtoreducecostsandreducevariousinputs.However,ontheotherhand,modulesarerequiredtoadapttovariousfactorssuchasdifferentfunctions,performances,andshapesofproducts.Therefore,therequirementsforflexibilityofmodulesaregreatlyimproved.Forproduction,reducethetypesofmodulesasmuchaspossibletoachievethepurposeofonethingwithmultipleuses.Fortheuseofproducts,itisoftendesirabletoexpandthetypesofmodulestoincreasemorevarieties.Inresponsetothiscontradiction,thedesignmuststartfromtheoverallproductsystem,conductacomprehensiveanalysisofproductfunctions,performance,andcostissues,andreasonablydeterminethedivisionofmodules.Productmodulardesignisclassifiedaccordingtotop-downresearch,includingsystem-levelmodules,product-levelmodules,component-levelmodules,andpart-levelmodules;andthenclassifiedaccordingtofunctionandprocessingandcombinationrequirements,includingbasicmodules,generalmodules,andspecialmodules;Thenstudytheclassificationaccordingtotheinterfacecombinationrequirements,includinginternalinterfacemodulesandexternalinterfacemodules.Takingproduct-levelmodularizationasanexample,itistoanalyzethecompositionofequipmentproductsonthebasisofdemandinvestigation,examinetherelationshipbetweenfunctionalinterchangeabilityandgeometricinterchangeability,anddividebasicmodules,generalmodulesorspecialmodules.Carryoutinternalinterfaceandexternalinterfacedesignbasedonmodules,andformnewproductsbyadding,subtracting,replacing,andmodifyingcorrespondingmodules,andmeettherequirementsofthefunctionalindicatorsofequipmentproducts.
ProductDesign
DesignPurpose
Thepurposeofmodularproductdesignistochangeaslittleaspossible,andtoproduceasmuchaspossiblewithaslittleinputaspossibleProductsmeetvariousrequirementsinthemosteconomicalway.Becausethemoduleshavedifferentcombinations,theycanbeconfiguredtogeneratediversifiedproductsthatmeettheneedsofusers.Atthesametime,themoduleshavestandardgeometricconnectioninterfacesandconsistentinputandoutputinterfaces.IfthemoduledivisionandinterfacedefinitionsconformtothepurchaseintheenterprisemassproductionTheactualsituationoflogistics,productionandservice,whichmeansthattheproductsconfiguredaccordingtothemodularmodeareinlinewiththeactualsituationofmassproduction,sothatthecontradictionbetweencustomizedproductionandmassproductionisresolved.
DesignandApplication
Althoughtheprocessofmodularizationisfullofthorns,itbringsthesamespeedofinnovationtotheenterprise,andmodularityisdestinedtobethefuturedevelopmenttrend.Modularizationnotonlyacceleratesthespeedofchangeandincreasesthepressureofcompetition,italsochangestherelationshipbetweenenterprises.Inthecruelinnovationcompetition,howtogainmoremarketshareinthisindustryisextremelyimportant.Acompanyasamemberofamodulemanufacturergroupcomposedofhundredsofcompaniesinanindustrythatrequirescontinuousinnovationisverydifferentfrombeingamemberofastabledevelopmentindustrywhereafewcompanieshaveamonopolyadvantage.Anykindofdevelopmentstrategywillalwayswork.Thedualstructureofthemodularmarketrequiresenterprisemanagerstomakecarefulchoicesintwomaindevelopmentstrategies:theenterpriseasthechiefdesignerestablishesdesignandproductionprinciplesforproductscomposedofmultiplemodules;theenterprisecanalsoprovideusersasamodulemanufacturerThecost-effectivemoduleproductsknockdownsimilarmanufacturersinthemarketwithperformanceandprice.Theapplicationofmodularizationinthemanufacturingindustryhasbecomeverycommon,suchastheautomotiveindustryandaircraftmanufacturing.Somecompaniesareextendingthetheoryofmodularitytoproductproductionandservicedesign,andsomeindustriesthatseemtobefarfrommodularityarealsotryingtotransplantmodulartheorytoimprovetheirowninnovationspeed.
Productadvantages
(1)Contributiontoenterpriseproductresearchanddevelopment
DuetotheadvancementofmodularizationThespeedofinnovationhasgreatlyshortenedthereactiontimeofbusinessleaderstotheactionsofcompetitors.Asarule,managershavetoadapttovariousdevelopmentsinproductdesign.Itisnotenoughtounderstandthecompetitionstrategiesofdirectlycompetingmanufacturers.InnovationsinothermodulesofthisproductandvolatileallianceswithintheindustrymayleadtoFiercecompetition.Modulesarethecarrierofproductknowledge.Thereuseofmodulesisthereuseofdesignknowledge.Existingmodulesthathavebeentested,produced,andmarket-provencanbeusedtoreducedesignrisksandimproveproductreliabilityanddesignquality.Theindependenceofmodulefunctionsandtheconsistencyofinterfacesmakemoduleresearchmorespecializedandin-depth,andcancontinuouslyupgradeitsownperformancetoimprovetheoverallperformanceandreliabilityoftheproductwithoutaffectingothermodulesoftheproduct.Theindependenceofmodulefunctionsandtheconsistencyofinterfacesenableeachmoduletobedesignedanddevelopedrelativelyindependently,andparalleldesign,development,andparalleltestingandverificationcanbecarriedout.Thedifferentcombinationsofmodulescanmeetthediverseneedsofusers,facilitateproductconfigurationandvariantdesign,andatthesametimeensurethatthisconfigurationvariantcanmeettheneedsofenterprisemassproduction.
(2)Contributiontoenterpriseworkefficiencyandcostcontrol
Designandreuseofpartscangreatlyshortenthedesigncycle;concurrentproductdevelopmentandTestingcangreatlyshortenthedesigncycle;theuseofexistingmaturemodulescangreatlyshortentheprocurementcycle,logisticscycleandmanufacturingcycle,therebyspeedingupthetimetomarket;ifthespecificneedsofthecompany’safter-salesservicearetakenintoaccountwhendividingthemodules,theservicecycleandConsumeresourcesandtime.Thereuseofmodulesandknowledgecangreatlyreducedesigncosts;theuseofmatureandprovenmodulescanincreasetheprocurementvolumeandreduceprocurementandlogisticscosts;theuseofmatureandproduction-provenmodulescangreatlyreducetheimpactontheproductionsystemduetothecommissioningofnewproducts.Thefrequencyofadjustmentmakesiteasiertomanufacturenewproducts,whichcanreduceproductionandmanufacturingcosts;therearealargenumberofinterchangeablemodulesinandbetweenproductplatforms,whichcanreduceafter-salesservicecosts.
(3)Contributiontoenterpriseorganization
ModularizationisconducivetothedivisionoflaborofenterpriseR&Dteams,standardizestheinformationinterfacebetweendifferentteams,andgoesdeeperSpecializedresearchandparalleldevelopmentofdifferentmodulesystems;theestablishmentofabstractplatformsandmodulescanrealizetheinteractionbetweentheorganizationstructureoftheenterpriseandtheproductmodulestructure,sothatconcurrentengineeringhasthefoundationforimplementation,andtheprocess,finance,procurementandafter-salesservicecanbeInterveneinproductresearchanddevelopmentprojectsintheearlystagesofproductresearchanddevelopment;standardandstandardizedmoduleinterfacesareconducivetotheformationofproductsupplierspecificationsandtherefinementoftheindustrialdivisionoflabor.
Trend
Modularityisanewdesignideadevelopedonthebasisoftraditionaldesign.Ithasbecomeanewtechnologyandiswidelyused,especiallyintheinformationageelectronicproducts.Constantlyinnovating,modulardesignproductsareconstantlyemerging.Howtomakethemodulardesignofproductsfullymeetthediversifiedneedsofthemarketshouldarousegreatattentionfrombusinessoperators,newproductdevelopersandstandardizationresearchers.Modulardesignhasbeenwidelyusedinthedesignfieldsofmachinetools,electronicproducts,aerospace,aviation,etc.,butsofarthemodulartermhasnotyetgivenarecognizedauthoritativedefinition.Ontheonehand,enterprisesmustmakeuseofproductbatching,standardizationandgeneralizationtoshortenthetimetomarket,reduceproductcosts,andimproveproductquality.Ontheotherhand,theymustcontinuetoinnovateproductstomakeproductsmoreandmorepersonalizedandmeetcustomercustomizationneeds..Inthisway,howtobalancethecontradictionsbetweenproductstandardization,generalization,customization,andflexibilityhasbecomeakeyabilitytowinthecompetition.Platform-basedandmodularproductdesignandproductioncanprovidediversifiedconfigurationsofproductswhilemaintaininghighproductversatility.Therefore,platform-basedandmodularproductsareawaytosolvethecontradictionbetweencustomizedproductionandmassproduction..
Concept
Inordertodevelopdifferentproductswithmultiplefunctions,itisnotnecessarytodesigneachproductseparately.Instead,avarietyofmodulesarecarefullydesignedandprocessedindifferentways.Combiningtoformdifferentproductstosolvethecontradictionbetweenproductvariety,specifications,designandmanufacturingcycle,andcost,thisisthemeaningofmodulardesign.Modulardesigniscloselyrelatedtoproductstandardizationdesignandserializationdesign,whichistheso-called"threemodernizations".The"threemodernizations"influenceeachotherandrestricteachother.Theyareusuallyusedtogetherasanimportantindicatortoassessthequalityofproducts.Modernprincipleshavebeenusedinmachinetooldesign.Bythe1950s,someEuropeanandAmericancountriesformallyproposed"Modularization"Theconceptof"design"referstothestudyofmodulardesignatatheoreticallevel.Theideaofmodulardesignhaspenetratedintomanyfields,suchasmachinetools,reducers,homeappliances,computers,andsoon.Ineachfield,modulesandmodulardesignhavetheirspecificmeanings.
Module:agroupofunitsthathavethesamefunctionandjointelements(referringtotheshapeandsizeofthejoint,thefitormeshbetweenthejoints,etc.),buttheperformance,specificationsorstructurearedifferentbutcanbeinterchangeable.
Mechanicalproducts
Bedfixturesandcouplingscanbecalledmodules.Somepartssuchasplugsandsocketscanalsobecalledmodulesingeneral,butnotasgoodasStandardpartsarebetter.Inmodulardesign,alargenumberofstandardpartsarealsoused,butthemodulereferstothestandardparts,whichstillneedtobedesignedandcanbeusedindifferentcombinationstoformaunitofequipmentwithdifferentfunctions.
Modulardesign:Basedonthemarketforecastandfunctionanalysisoftheproduct,aseriesofgeneralfunctionalmodulesaredividedanddesigned;accordingtouserrequirements,thesemodulescanbeselectedandcombinedtoformdifferentfunctions,Orproductswiththesamefunctionbutdifferentperformanceanddifferentspecifications.Thisdesignmethodiscalledmodulardesign.
Mainway
1)Modulardesignofhorizontalseries.Withoutchangingthemainparametersoftheproduct,usethemoduletodevelopdeformedproducts.Thismethodiseasytoimplementandisthemostwidelyused.Itisoftentoreplaceoraddmodulestobasicvarietiestoformnewdeformedvarieties.Forexample,toreplacethemillingheadofafacemillingmachine,youcanaddanendmillinghead,ahorizontalmillinghead,aturretmillinghead,etc.,toformaverticalmillingmachine,ahorizontalmillingmachine,oraturretmillingmachine.
2)Modulardesignofverticalseries.Designbasicproductsofdifferentspecificationsinthesametype.Themainparametersaredifferent,andthepowerparametersareoftendifferent,resultingindifferentstructuralformsandsizes.Therefore,themodulardesignofthehorizontalseriesismorecomplicated.Ifthecomponentsrelatedtothepowerparametersaredesignedintothesamegeneralmodule,itwillinevitablyresultinalackofstrengthorrigidityorredundancy,whichwillaffecttheperformanceofthefunction,andtheredundancywillresultinahugestructureandawasteofmaterials.Therefore,whendesigningmodulesrelatedtopowerparameters,sectionsareoftenreasonablydivided,andmodulesareonlyusedinthesamesection;modulesthatarenotrelatedtopowerorsizecanbeusedinalargerrange.
3)Modulardesignofhorizontalseriesandcrossseries.Inadditiontothedevelopmentofhorizontalseriesproducts,thosewhocanobtainotherseriesproductsbychangingsomemodulesbelongtothemodulardesignofhorizontalseriesandcrossseries.ThemodularboringandmillingmachineproducedbytheGermanSharmanMachineToolPlantcandevelopthehorizontalseriesofCNCandvarioustypesofboringandmillingmachiningcenters.Theboringandmillingmachinecanbetransformedintoacross-seriesfloorboringmachinebyreplacingthecolumn,slidingseatandworktable.
4)Afullrangeofmodulardesign.Thefullseriesincludesverticalseriesandhorizontalseries.Forexample,atoolmillproducedbyaGermanfactorycanbechangedtoanendmillinghead,ahorizontalmillinghead,aturretmillinghead,etc.toformahorizontalseriesofproducts.Theheightandlengthofthebedandbeamcanalsobechangedtoobtainthreelongitudinalseries.product.
5)Modulardesignforthewholeseriesandacrossseries.Itismainlyusedforthemodulardesignofcross-productswithsimilarstructuresonthebasisofthewholeseries.Forexample,thestructureofthefullseriesofgantrymillingmachinesissimilartothatofgantryplaners,gantryplanersandgantryrailgrinders,andcross-seriesmodulardesignscanbedeveloped.
Modulardesign,anewdesignconceptanddesignmethod,hasquicklybeenwidelyusedinvariousfields.Itscompetitiveadvantagesaremainlyreflectedintwoaspects:ontheonehand,itsolvesthediversificationofvarietiesandspecificationsandproductionThecontradictionofspecialization;ontheotherhand,italsocreatesthenecessaryconditionsforadvancedmanufacturingtechnologyandimprovingtheutilizationrateofequipment,soastoprovideproductswithcustomersatisfactionindifferentbatches,therebyenablingenterprisestoachieveproductdiversificationandunificationofbenefits.
Thepurposeofmodularityisbenefit.Itsintentandultimategoalistomeetpeople'sdiversifiedneedsandadapttofiercemarketcompetition,andachievethebestbenefitsandqualityunderamulti-variety,small-batchproductionmethod.Theobjectofmodularizationisthecompositionofproductsorsystems.Modularizationisnotaboutstudyingandsolvingtheproblemofthedesignorcompositionofacertainisolatedproductorsystem,butsolvingtheproblemofthebestformofacertaintypeofproductorsystem,thatis,thesystemisstandardizedThemodulesarecombined.Sincetheobjectofmodularizationisasystem,theprinciplesandmethodsofsystemengineeringarethebasicprinciplesofmodularization.Themainmethodofmodularizationissystemdecompositionandcombination.Modularproductsorsystemsarecomposedofstandardmodules.Howtogeneratemodules,whethertheycanbeeffectivelycombinedintoproductsorsystems,andtheskillandapplicationlevelofproductorsystemdecompositionandcombinationarethecoreissuesofmodularization.Thegoalofmodularizationistoestablishamodularsystemandanobjectsystem.Therearetwoobjectivesorproductsofmodularactivities,namely,theformationofamodularsystemandamodularproductsystem.Establishingamodularsystemisaprerequisiteforimplementingmodulardesign,andformingamodularproductorsystemistheultimatedestinationofmodularity.