Works Introduction
Cui Wei "Four People's Monthly Order" is the customer-operated customer business. Planted a wide range of crops; there are many kinds of livestock; handicrafts include universities; textile industry; manufacturing; school. Self-sufficient, closed door. The clan, relatives, guests provide labor, but also armed forces.
"Sui Shu Jing Zhi", "Old Tang Book Jingji" has been recorded; the "Taiping Yu" of the "Taiping Review", "The Book of Books", but in "Song History" Art Wenzhi "has no correlation, it is estimated that the book is lost in the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty to Southern Song.
Si people are the guides, agriculture, work, business, this concept has appeared in the spring and autumn; monthly ordered is an article genre, there is a "monthly order" in the existing "Book". Every year, the twelve months of the day and the government executive sacrificial etiquette, position, decline, ban, etc., and induction in the system of five elements; "Four People's Month Order" existing stories is similar.
Creative background
Western Han Dynasty "Shengshi Book" After the emergence of Wei "Qi people wants", the middle is more than 500 years, and only "Four People's Monthly Order" is in the middle. Agricultural production books can reflect the agricultural development at the time, although it is very simple, it is unplenish, but it is still incomplete, but it still provides important clues for agricultural research at the time.
The book "Four People's Order" in the mid-2 century, in addition to describing the economic operation mentioned in the book, the economic operation mentioned in the book is also the first-hand information for the Chinese economic history research.
The farmers described in the works, selling with buying cereals in the middle of the year, purely consisting of profits; farmers will also produce salted sauce food, wine, vinegar, medicinal materials, silk With silk products, shoes, etc., these items are available for their own consumption, or it can be sold.
Application
Since the "Four People's Monthly Order", since the Qi Dynasty, I was circulated in the Tang Dynasty. Jia Si's "Qi Min Qi" has been quoted in the book. When Du Taixi wrote the "Jade Candy Collection" in the Northern Weekend, the monthly record has a "four-person moonlight". Han E Han, Han, Han, and the four-time 要 要 "also quoted" four people ". When the literature at the Northern Song Dynasty, he had mentioned that the book "So Southern Monthly Order" has been referred to in the "Song History Arts" since the Yuan Dynasty, and it is estimated that the book is annihilated from this time.
The Qing Dynasty began to restructure "Four People's Law", there is Renshi Lin, Wang Wei, the "Four People's Law", the Qianlong Way, and the "Four People's Law". In the Jiaqing year, the "four people's monthly order" volume is severely recorded. As the "Full Han Wen", the fourteenth volume of "All the ancient three generations of Qin and Han Dynasties; in 1921, Tang Hongxue resolved" Major Collection " "Four People's Monses", income "Ancient Book".
After 1949, the China Book Office published the "Four Municipal Month Month Months" in 1965, 1981 Agricultural Publishing House published the "Four People's Monthly Order" Release ". These two series are based on the "Jade Cand Collection" as the main basis, and widely draw "Qi people to force" and various types of books, refer to various editing, books in the "four-person moonlight" Quite a good review.
German scholar Christine Helz, in 1963, translated the "four people's monthly order" into German, published in Hamburg, the name of the book "Cui Wei
Japan Federa Wushui According to the "Four Municipal Month Month Months", the text, free release and translation is listed on the month, published by the Japan's ordinary service in 1987. The Japanese translation is the "Year of the Han Dynasty" Time to farm.
Work content
Main content
"Four People's Monthly Order" reflected in the Eastern Han Dynasty a fairly quantitative field owner estate, 1 year Arrangement of 12 months of family affairs. There are a total of 2371 words related to the narrow agricultural operation, accounting for 22% of the total number of words, plus rice silkworms, spinning, weaving and food processing and brewing, less than 40%. Other education, handling social relations, 粜籴 trading, pharmaceutical, crown, nna, and health, etc. accounting for more than 60%.
Full book section
Cui Wei describes the gap between the rich and the poor at the time, "Shangjia" has "giant information", and "下户 户" ";" The country is the root of the country, the people are in the valley, the life is pulling, the roots are the trip, the most devotion ". The contents of the book are generally generally:
one, sacrifices, family gifts, education, and maintaining new and old relationships in families and society;
two, according to seasonal climate, arrange cultivating, species, harvest Food, oil, vegetables;
three, spinning, weaving, drilling, scrimming, raczy, restructuring, etc. Wash;
four, food processing and brewing; / P>
5, repair residential and farmland water conservancy projects;
six, collect wild plants, mainly medicinal materials, and formulate medicine;
seven, save collectors The use of the size;
eight and nine, 粜籴 and minions, such as "maintenance hygiene" and other 9 kinds.
The production scale described in the
book has exceeded the size of the small farmers, and only the Of Fairki can experience the above production. From its description, it can be seen that the development of agricultural production and agricultural technology in Luoyang in the Eastern Han Dynasty, which is dominated by agriculture, paying attention to sericulture, and animal husbandry is only agriculture, and vegetables are much more taste.
"Four People's Monthly Order" is also the first to describe China's "rice" (ie rice transplantation) and trees' pressure strip breeding method. Among them, in addition to their own basic levels, the agricultural economy has the price of the price, and the sale and purchase of food, silk and silk and silk fabric.
Order
"Four People's Monthly Order" (case: "志 农 农 家", "Four Monthly Mill", the Han Han Dagu Shu Cui, "old Tang Zhi "same." New Tang Zhi "made Cui Wei. Misunderstanding. Song did not retroduce. Wang Zhaolin, Wang Wei is a series, the completion, and more hung. Wang Ben is also mistaken" Qi people "It is" four people's monthly order ", and the" Qi people must force ", there is no six things in this now, and there is not a class, and there is no known, and there is no reason for the" political controvers ". And this book,? Record, two hundred things, province and repeat, monthly seizure, for twelve chapters, fixed a volume and this book is noted, suspected Cui Wei wrote. In the text, it is never in the text, and Wang Ben is "Qi Min to think" six things, appended to the test. "Qi people's mine" is a volume, Tang Sun Siyu wrote.
< P> "Song Zhi" in "Time Class", this is this, and there is attached to after, it is free to mix with Cui Shi. The farmers are Boba, and the food is the people. "Hong Fan" eight policies, a food. Politics, first food. Since ancient times, there is no difficulty, but there is a state-owned family. "Han Zhi · Agriculture" is less. "Han Zhi", see "Yu Zhi", only powerful One, see "New Tang Zhi", only Yindu, the two of the flour, and "Han Zhi" Fanzi is a family. Record in Song Dynasty, it is "Qi People to force", before This number, there is no passing, and takes into account the short-selling book, the abuse of the tea crab is not in a hurry, and the farmer is intentionally. Fang Zongli "Volume" The book of the Pansess, the book, the book, although there is a shortage, however, the net is lost, the stealing is strong. After hundreds of years, this book deposits, I don't dare to know, it is a good old It is widely spread. Jiaqing is October.)