Historyofdevelopment
InancientChina,filtrationtechnologywasusedinproduction,andpapermadeofplantfiberswasalreadyavailablein200BC.In105AD,CaiLunimprovedthepapermakingmethod.Duringthepapermakingprocess,hedippedplantfiberpulpondensethinbamboocurtains.Thewaterisfilteredthroughthegapsofthebamboocurtain,andathinlayerofwetpaperpulpisleftonthesurfaceofthebamboocurtain,anditbecomespaperwhenitdries.
Theearliestfiltrationwasmostlygravityfiltration.Later,pressurefiltrationwasusedtoincreasethefiltrationspeed,andthenvacuumfiltrationappeared.Therotarydrumvacuumfilterinventedatthebeginningofthe20thcenturyrealizedthecontinuityofthefiltrationoperation.Sincethen,varioustypesofcontinuousfiltershaveappearedoneafteranother.Intermittentlyoperatedfilters(suchasplateandframefilterpresses,etc.)havebeendevelopedbecausetheycanrealizeautomatedoperation,andthefilteringareaisgettinglargerandlarger.Inordertoobtainfilterresiduewithlowmoisturecontent,mechanicallypressedfiltershavebeendeveloped.
Workingprinciple
Filter(26photos)
Whenthefilterisworking,thewatertobefilteredentersthroughthenozzleandflowsthroughthefilterscreen,Throughtheoutlettoenterthepipelinerequiredbytheuserforprocesscirculation,theparticulateimpuritiesinthewateraretrappedinsidethefilter.Withsuchacontinuouscycle,moreandmoreparticlesareintercepted,andthefilteringspeedisslowerandslower.However,theimportedsewageisstillcontinuouslyentering,andthefilterholeswillbecomesmallerandsmaller,therebycreatingpressurebetweentheinletandtheoutlet.Whenthelargedifferencereachesthesetvalue,thedifferentialpressuretransmittertransmitstheelectricalsignaltothecontroller,andthecontrolsystemstartsthedrivemotortodrivetheshafttorotatethroughthetransmissionassembly.Atthesametime,thesewageoutletisopenedanddischargedfromthesewageoutlet.Aftercleaning,thepressuredifferencedropstotheminimumvalue,thesystemreturnstotheinitialfilteringstate,andthesystemoperatesnormally.Thefilterconsistsofahousing,amulti-elementfilterelement,abackwashmechanism,andadifferentialpressurecontroller.Thetransversepartitionintheshelldividestheinnercavityintoupperandlowercavities,andtheuppercavityisequippedwithmultiplefilterelements,whichmakesthefilterspacesufficientandsignificantlyreducesthevolumeofthefilter.ThelowercavityisequippedwithbackwashingSucker.Whenworking,theturbidliquidentersthelowercavityofthefilterthroughtheinlet,andthenenterstheinnercavityofthefilterelementthroughthepartitionhole.Theimpuritieslargerthanthegapofthefilterelementareintercepted,andthecleanliquidpassesthroughthegaptotheuppercavity,andisfinallysentoutfromtheoutlet.Thefilteradoptsahigh-strengthwedge-shapedfilterscreen,whichautomaticallycleansthefilterelementthroughpressuredifferencecontrolandtimingcontrol.Whenimpuritiesinthefilteraccumulateonthesurfaceofthefilterelementandcausethepressuredifferencebetweentheinletandoutlettoincreasetothesetvalue,orthetimerreachesthepresettime,theelectriccontrolboxsendsasignaltodrivethebackwashingmechanism.Whenthebackwashsuctioncupportisdirectlyoppositetothefilterelementinlet,thedrainvalveisopened,andthesystemdischargespressureatthistime.Anegativepressurezoneappearsontheinsideofthesuctioncupandthefilterelementwhoserelativepressureislowerthanthewaterpressureontheoutsideofthefilterelement,forcingpartofthenetcirculatingwaterfromtheoutsideofthefilterelement.Flowingintotheinnersideofthefilterelement,theimpurityparticlesadsorbedontheinnerwallofthefilterelementflowintothedrumwithwaterandaredischargedfromthedrainvalve.Thespeciallydesignedfilterscreenproducesasprayeffectinsidethefilterelement,andanyimpuritieswillbewashedawayfromthesmoothinnerwall.Whenthepressuredifferencebetweentheinletandoutletofthefilterreturnstonormalorthetimersettingtimeisover,thematerialflowscontinuouslyduringthewholeprocess,andthebackwashingconsumeslesswater,realizingcontinuousandautomatedproduction.Filtersarewidelyusedinthefieldsofmetallurgy,chemicalindustry,petroleum,papermaking,medicine,food,mining,electricpower,andurbanwatersupply.Suchasindustrialwastewater,circulatingwaterfiltration,emulsionregeneration,wasteoilfiltrationtreatment,continuouscastingwatersysteminthemetallurgicalindustry,blastfurnacewatersystem,high-pressurewaterdescalingsystemforhotrolling.Itisanadvanced,efficientandeasy-to-operateautomaticfilterdevice.Thewatertobetreatedbythefilterentersthebodythroughthewaterinlet,andtheimpuritiesinthewateraredepositedonthestainlesssteelfilterscreen,resultinginapressuredifference.Thepressuredifferencebetweentheinletandoutletismonitoredbythepressuredifferenceswitch.Whenthepressuredifferencereachesthesetvalue,theelectroniccontrollerfeedsthehydrauliccontrolvalveanddrivesthemotorsignal.Aftertheequipmentisinstalled,thetechnicianswilldebugandsetthefiltertimeandcleaningconversiontime.Thewatertobetreatedentersthebodyfromthewaterinlet,andthefilterstartstoworknormally.Whenthepresetcleaningtimeisreached,theelectriccontrollerwillgivethehydrauliccontrolvalve,Drivethemotorsignal,triggerthefollowingactions:themotordrivesthebrushtorotatetocleanthefilterelement,whilethecontrolvalveopenstodischargethesewage.Theentirecleaningprocessonlylastsfortensofseconds.Whenthecleaningisover,thecontrolvalveisclosedandthemotorstopsrotating.Thesystemreturnstoitsinitialstateandbeginstoenterthenextfiltrationprocess.Theinsideofthefilterhousingismainlycomposedofcoarsefilterscreen,finefilterscreen,suctionpipe,stainlesssteelbrushorstainlesssteelsuctionnozzle,sealingring,anti-corrosioncoating,rotatingshaftandsoon.
Filter(10sheets)
Usefiltermediatodividethecontainerintoupperandlowerchamberstoformasimplefilter.Suspensionisaddedtotheuppercavity,andentersthelowercavitythroughthefiltermediumunderpressuretobecomefiltrate.Thesolidparticlesaretrappedonthesurfaceofthefiltermediumtoformfilterresidue(orfiltercake).Duringthefiltrationprocess,thefilterresiduelayeronthesurfaceofthefiltermediumgraduallythickens,theresistanceoftheliquidthroughthefilterresiduelayerincreasesandthefiltrationspeeddecreases.Whenthefilterchamberisfulloffilterresidueorthefilteringspeedistoolow,stopfiltering,removethefilterresidue,andregeneratethefiltermediumtocompleteafiltrationcycle.
Theliquidmustovercometheresistancetopassthroughthefilterresiduelayerandthefiltermedium,sotheremustbeapressuredifferenceonbothsidesofthefiltermedium,whichisthedrivingforceforfiltering.Increasingthepressuredifferencecanspeedupthefiltration,butthedeformedparticlesunderpressurewilleasilyblocktheporesofthefiltermediumwhenthepressuredifferenceislarge,andthefiltrationwillslowdowninstead.
Suspensionfiltrationhasthreemethods:filterresiduelayerfiltration,deeplayerfiltrationandsievingfiltration.
①Filterresiduelayer:thefiltermediumcanonlyretainlargesolidparticlesintheinitialstageoffiltration,andsmallparticlespassthroughthefiltermediumwiththefiltrate.Aftertheinitialfilterresiduelayerisformed,thefilterresiduelayerplaysamajorroleinfiltering.Atthistime,bothlargeandsmallparticlesareretained,suchasthefiltrationofaplateandframefilterpress.
②Deepfiltration:thefiltermediumisthicker,thesuspensioncontainslesssolidparticles,andtheparticlesaresmallerthantheporesofthefiltermedium.Whenfiltering,theparticlesareadsorbedintheporesafterentering,suchasthefiltrationofporousplastictubefiltersandsandfilters.
③Screening:Thesolidparticlestrappedbyfiltrationarelargerthantheporesofthefiltermedium,andtheinsideofthefiltermediumdoesnotabsorbsolidparticles.Forexample,arotatingdrumfilterscreenfiltersoutcoarseparticlesinsewage.Intheactualfiltrationprocess,thethreemethodsoftenappearsimultaneouslyoroneafteranother.
Filtrationspeed
Whenthesolidparticlesinthesuspensionarelargeandtheparticlesizeisuniform,theporesofthefilteredfilterresiduelayerarerelativelyunobstructed,andthefiltratepassesthroughthefilterresiduelayeratahigherspeed.Theapplicationofcoagulanttogatherthefineparticlesintolargeragglomeratesisbeneficialtoincreasethefiltrationspeed.
Forsuspensionswithfastsolidparticlessettlingspeed,applyafilterthatfeedsonthetopofthefiltermediumtomakethefiltrationdirectionconsistentwiththedirectionofgravity.Thecoarseparticlessettlefirst,whichcanreducethecloggingofthefiltermediumandthefilterresiduelayer;Mixingcoarsesolidparticlessuchasdiatomaceousearth,expandedperlite,etc.intothedifficult-to-filtersuspension(suchascolloid)canmakethefilterresiduelayerloose;whenthefiltratehasahighviscosity,thesuspensioncanbeheatedtoreducetheviscosity.Thesemeasurescanspeedupthefiltrationspeed.
Performancecharacteristics
1.High-efficiencyandprecisefiltration:Specialstructureoffilterdiscfiltrationtechnology,preciseandsensitiveperformance,toensurethatonlyparticlessmallerthantherequiredparticlesizecanenterthesystem,whichisthemosteffectiveThefiltrationsystem;thespecificationsare5μ,10μ,20μ,55μ,100μ,130μ,200μ,etc.,userscanchoosedifferentprecisionfilterdiscsaccordingtothewaterrequirements.Thesystemflowcanbeflexiblyadjustedaccordingtoneeds.
2.Standardmodularity,savingspace:Thesystemisbasedonastandarddiscfilterunit,accordingtomodulardesign,userscanchooseaccordingtotheirneeds,flexibleandchangeable,stronginterchangeability.Thesystemiscompactandoccupiesaverysmallarea.Thecornerspacecanbeflexiblyusedforinstallation.Forexample,theequipmentwithaprocessingwatervolumeofabout300m3/hoccupiesonlyabout6m2(generalwaterquality,filtrationlevel100μ).
3.Fullyautomaticoperation,continuouswaterdischarge:betweeneachunitinthefiltercombination,thebackwashingprocessalternatesalternately,andtheworkingandbackwashingstatesareautomaticallyswitchedtoensurecontinuouswaterdischarge;Thewashingwaterconsumptionisverysmall,accountingforonly0.5%ofthewateroutput;ifcombinedwithair-assistedbackwashing,theself-consumptionwatercanbereducedtolessthan0.2%.High-speedandthoroughbackwashingcanbecompletedintensofseconds.
4.Longlife:thenewplasticfilterelementissturdy,non-wearing,non-corrosive,andminimallyfouling.Afteryearsofindustrialpracticalverification,After6to10yearsofuse,thereisnowearandnoaging,andthefilteringandbackwashingeffectswillnotdeteriorateduetotheusetime.
5.Highquality,lowmaintenance:Productsmeetthecorrespondingqualitystandards,allproductsaretestedandrunundersimulatedworkingconditionsbeforeleavingthefactory,nospecialtoolsarerequired,andfewparts;easytouse,Onlyneedregularinspection,almostnodailymaintenance.
Classification
Mainclassification
Thefilterisdividedintothreetypes:gravityfilter,vacuumfilterandpressurefilteraccordingtodifferentmethodsofobtainingthedrivingforceoffiltration.kind.
Gravity
Thepressureformedonthefiltermediumwiththeaidofthegravityandthepositiondifferenceofthesuspensionisusedasthedrivingforceforthefiltration,generallyintermittentoperation,suchassandDevice.
Vacuum
Anegativepressureisformedattheoutletofthefiltrateasthedrivingforceforfiltration.Theabsolutepressureoftheoperatingvacuumoftheindustrialvacuumfilteris(2.5～8.0)×105Pa.Thetemperatureofthesuspensionduringfiltrationshouldbelowerthanthevaporizationtemperatureofthefiltrateundertheoperatingvacuum.Thisfilterisdividedintobatchoperationandcontinuousoperation.Theintermittentlyoperatedvacuumfiltercanfiltersuspensionsofvariousconcentrations.Thevacuumfilterisfilledwithsuspensioninthecontainershell.Thefilterleafwrappedwithfilterclothonbothsidesisimmersedinthesuspension,andtheinnercavityofthefilterleafisconnectedwiththevacuumsystem.Afterthefiltrateissuckedout,itisledoutbythepipe,andthefilterresidueaccumulatedonthesurfaceofthefilterleafisremovedaftertheshutdown.Continuouslyoperatedvacuumfiltersaresuitableforfilteringthicksuspensionscontainingmoresolidparticles.Theworkingprinciplesoftherotarydrumvacuumfilter,theinnerfiltersurfacerotarydrumvacuumfilter,thediscvacuumfilterandthetippingbucketvacuumfilteraresimilar.Theentirefiltersurfaceisdividedintoapluralityofseparatedfilterchambers,andeachrotatingfilterchamberissequentiallyconnectedwitheachfixedpipethroughadistributionvalvetosuckoutthefiltrateandlotioninthefilterchamber,orsendcompressedair.Eachfilterchamberrotatesonecircletocompletethewholeprocessoffilteringoperation,andtheoperationsofmultiplefilterchambersareconnectedtoformcontinuousfiltration.Thestructureofthebeltvacuumfilterissimilartothatofthebeltconveyor,withacontinuousfilterbeltsuitableforeasy-to-filtersuspensions.Thebeltvacuumfilter,theinnerfiltersurfacedrumvacuumfilterandthetippingbucketvacuumfilterareallfedonthetopofthefiltermedium(filtercloth),whichisespeciallysuitableforthesuspensionofsolidparticleswithhighdensityandfastsedimentation.
Pressure
Itusesthepressureappliedattheinletofthesuspensionorthemechanicalsqueezingforceappliedtothewetmaterialasthefilteringdrivingforce,whichissuitableforrequirementsFiltrationofsuspensionswithlargepressuredifferencesisalsodividedintotwotypes:batchoperationandcontinuousoperation.Intermittentlyoperatedtube-and-tubefilterandpressurefilterareusedforfiltrationoflow-concentrationsuspensions.Thefilterisalsoakindofintermittentlyoperatedpressurefilter,whichisdividedintothreetypes:plateandframetype,boxtypeandverticaltype,andhasawiderangeofuses.Theoilfilterisaplateandframefilterpressunitequippedwithaccessoriessuchasanoilpumpandavacuumevaporator.Continuouslyoperatedrotarydrumpressurefilteranddiscpressurefilterperformpressurefiltrationinaclosedshell,andtheirstructureissimilartorotarydrumvacuumfilteranddiscvacuumfilter.Duetothecomplexstructure,therearefewerapplications.
Commonlyusedpressurefiltrationistousethevolumeofthefilterchambertobecomesmallerorapplymechanicalsqueezingforcetofilter.Thefilterresiduehasalowmoisturecontentandissuitableforsuspensionswithahighconcentrationofsolidparticles.Inthebeltsqueezefilter,thewetfilterresidue,whichhasbeeninitiallydeliquoredbygravityorvacuum,movesbetweentwofilterbelts,andisthensqueezedanddeliquoredbyrollers.Thescrewpressfilterhasacylinderwithpores,inwhichthereisarotatingspiral.Thedepthofthespiralgrooveisdifferent.Thematerialisaddedfromthedeepgrooveendtotheshallowgrooveend.Thespaceofthefilterchamberisgraduallyreduced.Thematerialissqueezed,andthefiltrateflowsfromthecylinder.Theporesaredischarged,andthefilterresidueisdischargedfromthesmallend.
Precision
Precisionfiltersareaimedatfiltrationaccuracy,generallybetweensandfiltration(coarsefiltration)andultrafiltration.Undertheactionofpressure,therawwaterpassesthroughthefilterelement,theimpuritiesaretrappedonthewallofthefilterelement,andthewaterflowsoutthroughthefilterelementtoachievethepurposeoffiltration.Thescaleofmanufacturersoffilterequipmentinmycountryismainlysmallandmedium-sizedenterprises.Theproductadoptshigh-qualitystainlesssteel,hardpolyvinylchloride,engineeringplastics,organicglassandothercorrosion-resistantmaterialsastheoutershell,mainlyhigh-qualitystainlesssteel,withbuilt-infilterelementsofdifferentmedia.Thebuilt-infilterelementsincludePEcore,honeycombcore,foldingcore,titaniumtubesinteredcore,activatedcarboncore,ceramiccore,polypropylenefiberfiltercore,etc.Differentfilterelementshavedifferentfilteringeffects,sotheprecisionfiltercanremovesuspendedsolids,somecolloidalsubstancesandfineparticlesinthewateraccordingtotherawwaterquality,effluentqualityandwatervolumerequirementstoachievedifferentfilteringaccuracy.Thefiltrationaccuracyofprecisionfiltersonthemarketrangesfrom0.2-100um.Precisionfiltersareoftenusedasprotectivefiltersforelectrodialysis,ionexchange,reverseosmosis,ultrafiltrationandotherdevices.Theycanbeappliedtowatertreatmentinfood,wine,pharmaceutical,chemical,andelectronicsindustries,suchas:
Foodindustry:Finefiltrationofmineralwater,clarificationandfiltrationofbeveragesandalcohol.Pharmaceuticalindustry:watertreatmentofsterilewater,oralliquid,infusion,injection,etc.;
Electronicindustry:purewaterpreparationandwashingwaterfiltrationinsemiconductor,instrument,picturetubeandothermanufacturingplants;
Chemicalindustry:purificationoforganicsolvents,esters,alcohols,acids,alkalisandotherchemicalrawmaterials,oils;
Environmentalprotection:treatmentofelectroplatingwastewater,printingwastewater,pharmaceuticalwastewaterandotherindustrialwastewater.Waterqualitytreatmentfordesalinationofseawaterandbrackishwater,watersupplytreatmentforhotelsandapartments,etc.;
Gardenandgardening:parks,yards,greenhouses,animalhusbandry,industrialplaceswheresuperfinewatermistneedstobeartificiallyproduced,andhigh-endIrrigationandmaintenanceofflowers.
Performanceclassification
Linefilter
Doublecylinderfilter
Highpressurefilter
AsmentionedaboveItshouldbeameshfilter.Infact,therearemanykindsoffilters,suchaslaminatedfilters,sandrodfilters,carbonfilters,plateandframefilters,activatedcarbonfilters,diatomaceousearthfilters,microporousfilters,etc.Themainprincipleistousetheporesizeofthefiltermediumtotrapsubstancessmallerthantheporesizeofthemedium.Ofcourse,somefiltermediaalsohavespecialeffectssuchasadsorption.Mostfiltersarenotsotroublesometobackwash,aslongascleanwaterisusedtointroducethemediuminthereversebackwashfilterfromtheendofthefilteredwatertoachieveagoodbackwasheffect.
Industryclassification
Hydraulicoilfilters:mainlyusedintheoilfiltrationindustry,includingsuctionfilters,returnoilfilters,pipelinefilters,etc.
Foodfilters:dustfilters,airfilters,air-conditioningfilters.
Medicinefilters:liquidmedicinefilters,breathingfilters,bloodfilters,bacteriafilters.
Functionalclassification
Self-cleaning
Itisafilterthatdirectlyinterceptsimpuritiesinthewater,removessuspendedsolids,Particles,reduceturbidity,purifywaterquality,reducesystemdirt,bacteria,algae,rust,etc.,topurifywaterqualityandprotecttheprecisionequipmentofotherequipmentinthesystem.
Themaincomponentsare:motor,electriccontrolbox,controlpipeline,mainpipeassembly,filterelementassembly,316Lstainlesssteelbrush,frameassembly,driveshaft,inletandoutletconnectingflanges,etc.
Overcomemanyshortcomingsofthefilterproduct,suchassmalldirtholdingcapacity,easytobeblockedbydirt,thefilteringpartneedstobedisassembledandcleaned,andthefilterstatuscannotbemonitored.Ithastheabilitytofiltertherawwaterandautomaticallycleanthefilterelement.Function.Thesystemprovidesuninterruptedwatersupplyduringcleaninganddrainage,andcanmonitortheworkingstatusofthefilterwithahighdegreeofautomation.Itcoverstherequirementsofvariousfilteringprecisionsfrom10umto3000um.Adoptingadvancedequipmentintheinternationalwatertreatmentindustry,itcanbeinstalledatanypositioninanydirection,vertically,horizontally,andupsidedown.Itcanbeusedinindustries,agriculture,municipalpower,electronics,medicine,food,printinganddyeing,construction,steel,metallurgy,papermaking,etc.Industrialwaterfiltration.
Automatic
Automaticfilter(8sheets)
isasetofwidelyusedfiltersintheindustryEquipment,traditionalfilterproductshavesmalldirtholdingcapacity,areeasytobeblockedbydirt,filterpartsneedtobedisassembledandcleaned,andcannotmonitorthefilterstatus.Manyshortcomingsareovercome.Ithasthefunctionoffilteringrawwaterandautomaticallycleaninganddischargingthefilterelement.Itconsistsofashell,amulti-elementfilterelement,abackwashmechanism,anelectriccontrolbox,areducer,anelectricvalveandadifferentialpressurecontroller.Thetransversepartitionintheshelldividestheinnercavityintoupperandlowercavities.Theuppercavityisequippedwithmultiplefilterelements,whichutilizesthefilteringspaceandsignificantlyreducesthefiltervolume.Abackwashsuctioncupisinstalledinthelowercavity.Whenworking,theturbidliquidentersthelowercavityofthefilterthroughtheinlet,andthenenterstheinnercavityofthefilterelementthroughthepartitionholes.Theimpuritieslargerthanthegapofthefilterelementareintercepted,andthenetliquidpassesthroughthegaptotheuppercavity,andisfinallysentoutfromtheoutlet.Advantages:Theautomaticfilterprecisionis100micronsbydefault,andcanbeselectedfrom10to3000microns.Thefilterareaislargeandthedirtholdingcapacityishigh.Theusercancustomizeitaccordingtotheactualworkingconditions.Thecleaningmethodissimple,andthecleaningcycleiselectronicallymonitored,whichcanrealizeautomaticcleaningandsewagedischarge.Allparametersintheautomaticself-cleaningfiltercontrolsystemcanbeadjusted.
Brushtype
Thetypesofstainlesssteelbrushfilterare:automaticstainlesssteelbrushfilter,hand-operatedstainlesssteelbrushfilter.Itsmainfunctionistoremovesuspendedsolidsinthewater,reducetheconcentrationofsuspendedsolidsinthewater,particulatematter,reduceturbidity,purifywaterquality,reducesystemfouling,bacteriaandalgae,rust,andpurifywaterquality.
Thestainlesssteelbrushfilteradoptsapatentedinternalmechanicalstructure,whichrealizesatruehigh-pressurebackwashingfunction,whichcaneasilyandcompletelyremoveimpuritiestrappedbythefilter,cleaningwithoutdeadspots,andwithoutfluxattenuation,Toensurethefiltrationefficiencyandlongservicelife.
Thestainlesssteelbrushfilterrealizesautomaticbackwashingthroughitsownretrievalandstrainfunctions,whichcancopewithunstablewaterqualityfluctuationswithoutmanualintervention.
Duringthebackwashingprocessofthestainlesssteelbrushfilter,each(group)filterscreenissequentiallybackwashed;toensurethatthefilterscreeniscleanedsafelyandefficiently,andotherfiltersarenotaffected,continuetofilter.
Thestainlesssteelbrushfilteradoptsanautomaticdrainvalve,whichhasashortbackwashingtime,lesswaterconsumptionforbackwashing,andisenvironmentallyfriendlyandeconomical.Therearefewwearingparts,noconsumables,lowoperationandmaintenancecosts,andsimpleoperationandmanagement.
Mediaclassification
Accordingtothefiltermedia,itisdividedinto:airfilter,liquidfilter,networkfilter,lightfilter.
Air
Thedevelopmentofairfilters
Andtheuseofrespiratoryprotectionequipment.Accordingtorecords,asearlyasthefirstcenturyinRome,peopleusedhempmasksforprotectionwhentheywerepurifyingmercury.Inthelongtimesincethen,airfiltershavealsomadeprogress,buttheyaremainlyusedasrespiratoryprotectiondevicesinsomedangerousindustries,suchastheproductionofhazardouschemicals.In1827,Browndiscoveredthelawofmovementoftinyparticles,andpeoplehaveabetterunderstandingofthemechanismofairfiltration.
Therapiddevelopmentofairfiltersiscloselyrelatedtothedevelopmentofthemilitaryindustryandtheelectronicsindustry.DuringtheFirstWorldWar,duetotheuseofvariouschemicalpoisons,militarygasmaskswithasbestosfiberfilterpaperasthesmokefilterlayercameintobeing.GlassfiberfiltermediaforairfiltrationwaspatentedintheUnitedStatesinOctober1940.Inthe1950s,theUnitedStatesconductedin-depthresearchontheproductionprocessofglassfiberfilterpaper,whichimprovedanddevelopedairfilters.Inthe1960s,HEPAfilterscameout;inthe1970s,HEPAfiltersusingfineglassfiberfilterpaperasthefiltermediumhaveafiltrationefficiencyof99.9998%forparticleswithaparticlesizeof013microns.Sincethe1980s,withtheemergenceofnewtestmethods,theimprovementofuseevaluation,andtheimprovementoffiltrationperformancerequirements,ithasbeenfoundthatHEPAfiltershaveseriousproblems,sohigherperformanceULPAfiltershavebeenproduced.Countriesarestillstudyinghard,anditisestimatedthatmoreadvancedairfilterswillappearsoon.
Airfilterperformance
Makethepollutedaircleantothestateneededforproductionandlife,thatis,maketheairreachacertaindegreeofcleanliness.Howtheairfilterfilterstheair:
Generalairpurificationequipmentfiltersairroughlydividedintothefollowingmethodsandsteps.
1.Multiplefilters—preventdustandgermsintheairfromenteringtheroom
Multipleactivatedcarbonfilterseffectivelyinterceptdustandgerms,filtertheair,andensurethattheairenterstheroomClean.
2.Titaniumoxidekillspoisons-degradesthepollutionoforganictoxicgasessuchasformaldehydeandbenzeneintheindoorair
Nano-gradetitaniumdioxideisactivatedbyultravioletlighttofiltertheairandeffectivelydegradetheairRadiationpollutionfromorganictoxicgasessuchasformaldehydeandbenzene.
3.Negativeionoxygenation-increasetheoxygenintheindoorairtoanappropriateamountandkeepthecontentstable
ThenegativeiongeneratoraddsoxygentotheindoorairtoensurethattheairenteringthehomeremainssufficientTheamountofoxygen,fullofvitality,strengthenthefiltrationofair>
4.PTCceramicheating-heatingindoorairtoacomfortabletemperature
Performauxiliarypreheatingtoappropriatelyincreasetheindoortemperaturetofiltertheairandmakethehomewarmandcomfortable.
⒌Ultravioletlightsterilization——-stronglykilltheepidemicvirusesandbacteriaintheair
Ultravioletlightsourcecaneffectivelykilltheepidemicvirusesandbacteriaintheair,keepingpeopleawayThesourceofinfectionistofiltertheairtoprotectthehealthofthewholefamily.
Thefilterisanindispensabledeviceonthepipelineoftheconveyingmedium.Itisusuallyinstalledattheinletofapressurereducingvalve,apressurereliefvalve,afixedwaterlevelvalveorotherequipmenttoeliminateimpuritiesinthemedium.Toprotectthenormaluseofvalvesandequipment.Whenthefluidentersthefiltercartridgewithacertainfilterscreen,itsimpuritiesareblocked,andthecleanfiltrateisdischargedfromthefilteroutlet.Whencleaningisneeded,justtakeoutthedetachablefiltercartridgeandreloaditaftertreatment.Yes,therefore,itisextremelyconvenienttouseandmaintain.
High-efficiencyair
High-efficiencyairfilters(8sheets)
High-efficiencyairfiltersaregenerallyusedastheendofthefilterTherefore,therequirementsforhigh-efficiencyfiltersarealsothemoststringent,andthefactoryneedstobetestedonebyone.Astheendofthehigh-efficiencyfilter,itisthemostcriticaloneofthevariouslevelsoffiltersandrequiresadditional"watching".Toprolongtheservicelifeofthehighefficiencyfilter,themostfundamentalwayistoblockthedustinthepre-filter.Thereplacementofthepre-filtergenerallydoesnotrequiresuspensionofproductionordebugging,soexperiencedownerswillpayattentionandmoneytothepre-filter.Forclass10,000andclass100,000cleanworkshops.Pre-filtrationcanchooseF8filter,sothattheservicelifeoftheendhighefficiencyfiltercangenerallyreachfiveyears.Inforeignprojectsanddomesticnewprojects,F8filteristhemostcommonpre-filterfornon-uniformflowcleanrooms.Forcleanworkshopsoflevel100,level10orhigherforchipfactories,thecommonefficiencylevelofthepre-filterisH10,andHEPAissimplyselectedformanynewprojects.Inthedesignofcleanroomair-conditioningsystemsinthepastinChina,thecommonconfigurationoffiltersis:coarseefficiency,mediumefficiencyandhighefficiency.Atthattime,theservicelifeofthehighefficiencyfilterwasonly1-3years,andtheworstwasonlyafewmonths.Itcanbeseenthattheefficiencyofthepre-filterdeterminestheservicelifeoftheendfilter.Liquid
Liquidfilter(6sheets)
tocleanthecontaminatedliquidtowhatisneededforproductionandlifeState,thatis,maketheliquidreachacertaindegreeofcleanliness.Themaincommonliquidfiltersare:swimmingpoolintegratedfilteringequipment.
Poolintegratedequipmentisamainstreamproductchoiceinthemodernswimmingpoolindustrymarket.Withitstechnicalcontentanddesignconcept,integratedswimmingpoolequipmenthasbrainstormedanewimpactontheswimmingpoolequipmentmarket.Integratedswimmingpoolequipmentisaswimmingpoolequipmentthatintegratesswimmingpoolfiltration,disinfectionandcirculation,andhasbecomeamainstreamproductintoday'sswimmingpoolequipmentmarket.
Theintegratedswimmingpoolequipmentplaysanirreplaceableroleintheoperationofmodernswimmingpools.Itscharacteristicfunctionhasthefollowingthreepoints:
First,itslocationcanbeplacedneartheswimmingpool,withlownoiseandhighsafetyfactor.
Second,theinstallationissimple,theworkloadisreduced,andtheefficiencyishigh.
Third,itissmallinsizeandburiedintheground,whichcanfreeupaplacetobeautifytheswimmingpool.
Network
Usesettingstoblockspam,sothattheinformationonthecomputerscreenmeetstherequirementsasmuchaspossible.
Light
Theprincipleofsameabsorptionseparateslightofdifferentcolorsandabsorbssomeunwantedlight.
Functionclassification
Suctionfilter
ThefilterisinstalledonthesuctionlineofthepumptofilterouttheresidueinthefueltankThepollutantsthatenterthroughtheairholesofpollutantshavetheeffectofprotectingthepump.However,inordertoavoidthecavitationofthepump,fullattentionmustbepaidtothepressureloss.Generally,coarsemetalmeshornotchedmetalwirematerialof100-200meshisused.Therefore,itisnotafiltertocontrolthepollutionconcentrationofthesystem.
High-pressurepipelinefilter(A)
ItisinstalledontheoutletpipeofthepumptoprotectpollutantsfromenteringTheroleofthesystem.Therefore,thepollutantconcentrationofthesystemcanbecontrolled.However,becauseitisahigh-pressuremainline,itissubjecttothepulsationandpressureimpactofthepump,sothematerialandstrengthofthefilterelementmustbecarefullyconsidered.
Highpressurelinefilter(B)
Inthesystem,inordertoprotecthydraulicpartsthatareparticularlysensitivetopollution,thisfilterisinstalled.Calledterminalfilter.Therefore,ittendstohaveasmallerfiltrationparticlesizethanotherfilters.Therefore,whenusing,choosealargecapacity.Inaddition,thematerialandstrengthofthecomponentsshouldbefullyconsideredasin(A).
Returnfilter
Setonthereturnlineofthesystem,itsfunctionistocapturethepollutantsgeneratedorinvadedinthesystembeforereturningtothefueltank..Therefore,itisthemosteffectiveandimportantfiltertocontrolthepollutionconcentrationofthesystem.Althoughitisalow-pressurepipeline,dependingontheoperatingconditionsofthetransmissiondevice,pulsationorpressureshockmayalsooccur,sothematerialandstrengthofthecomponentsmustbefullyconsidered.Importedpump
Circulationfilter
Itislocatedonthereturnpathofthefueltankcirculation.Thesystemhasalargecapacity,soitisoftenrequiredwhenstrictcleanlinessisrequired.Itisadopted,evenifthesystemisnotworking,itcancapturethepollutantsinthefueltank,therefore,theefficiencyofreducingthepollutionconcentrationisthebest.Inaddition,acoolerisinstalled,whichhastheadvantagesofsimultaneouscoolingandeasymaintenance.However,specialpumpsandmotorsarerequired,andthecostishigh.
Theairfilter
isinstalledonthefueltanktopreventpollutantsfrombeingmixedintothefueltankwithairduetothefluctuationofthefuelvolumeofthefueltank.Therefore,thefiltrationaccuracyshouldhavethesameperformanceasthefilter,andthecapacityshouldbeleftwithsufficientleewaytopreventtheinternalpressureofthefueltankfrombecomingnegativeduetothecloggingoftheholesandcausingthecavitationofthepump.Payspecialattentionwhenthesurroundingenvironmentisbad.
Othertypes
Usedonthefilterperformancetestbench,thistestbenchmuststrictlypurifythesystembeforethetest,sothetestsystemandthepollutioninjectionforthetestsystemThesystemneedstobeequippedwithafilter.Thefilterandthetestedfilteraretwodifferentthings.Itsaccuracyrequirementsanddirtholdingcapacityrequirementsarehigherthanthoseofthetestedfilter.InordertodistinguishbetweenthetwointhesametestsystemThiskindoffilteriscalledatestbenchfilter,andthetestedfilteriscalledthetestedfilter.
Fiber
Mechanicalfiltrationisthemostcommonlyusedmethodofsewagetreatment.Accordingtodifferentfiltermedia,mechanicalfiltrationequipmentisdividedintotwotypes:particlemediafiltrationandfiberfiltration.Theparticlemediafiltrationmainlyusessandandgravel.Theparticlefilterisusedasthefiltermediumtoachievefiltrationthroughtheadsorptionoftheparticlefilterandtheinterceptionofthesuspendedsolidsinthewaterbytheporesbetweenthesandparticles.Theadvantageisthatitiseasytobackwash,butthedisadvantageisthatthefiltrationrateisslow,generallynotexceeding7m/h;Theamountofdirtinterceptionissmall,andthecorefilterlayerisonlythesurfaceofthefilterlayer;thefiltrationaccuracyislow,only20-40μm,whichisnotsuitableforrapidfiltrationofhigh-turbiditysewage.
Thehigh-efficiencyasymmetricfiberfiltrationsystemusesasymmetricfiberbundlematerialasthefiltermaterial,andthefiltermaterialisasymmetricfiber.Onthebasisofthefiberbundlefiltermaterial,acoreisaddedtomakeitbothfiberfilterDuetothespecialstructureofthefiltermaterial,theporosityofthefilterbedcanquicklyformagradientdensityofupperandlowerparticles,whichenablesthefiltertofilterquickly,withalargeamountofdirtinterception,andeasybackwashing.Designedtomaketheprocessofdosing,mixing,flocculation,filtration,etc.becarriedoutinonereactor,sothattheequipmentcaneffectivelyremovesuspendedorganicmatterintheaquaculturewaterbody,reducethewaterbodyCOD,ammonianitrogen,nitrite,etc.,especiallysuitableforthecirculatingwateroftheholdingtankThesolidsuspensionisfiltered.
Scopeofapplication
1.Aquaculturecirculatingwatertreatment;
2.Coolingcirculatingwater,industrialcirculatingwatertreatment;
3Treatmentofeutrophicwaterbodiessuchas,rivers,lakes,anddomesticwaterscapes;
4.Reuseofreclaimedwater
Mechanismofaction
1.StructureofasymmetricfiberfiltermediaThecoretechnologyofthehigh-efficiencyautomaticgradientdensityfiberfilteristouseasymmetricfiberbundlematerialasthefiltermaterial,oneendofwhichisaloosefibertow,andtheotherendofthefibertowisfixedinasolidbodywithalargerspecificgravity.Thesolidcoreplaysaroleincompactingthefibertow,andatthesametime,duetothesmallsizeofthecore,ithaslittleeffectontheuniformityoftheporositydistributionofthefiltersection,therebyimprovingthedirtinterceptioncapacityofthefilterbed.Thefilterbedhastheadvantagesofhighfiberfiltrationporosity,smallspecificsurfacearea,highfiltrationrate,largedirtinterception,andhighfiltrationaccuracy.Whenthesuspendedflowinwaterpassesthroughthesurfaceofthefiberfiltermaterial,itwillbesuspendedundertheactionofvanderWaalsattractionandelectricity.Theadhesionofsolidsandfiberbundlesismuchgreaterthanthatofquartzsand,whichisbeneficialtoimprovefiltrationspeedandfiltrationaccuracy.
Duringbackwashing,duetothedifferenceinthespecificgravitybetweenthecoreandthefiberfilaments,thecomatailfibersspreadoutandoscillatewiththebackwashingwaterflow,resultinginastrongdragforce;thecollisionbetweenthefiltersisalsointensifiedInordertoimprovethemechanicalforceofthefiberinthewater,theirregularshapeofthefiltermaterialcausesthefiltermaterialtorotateundertheactionofbackwashingwaterandairflow,whichstrengthensthemechanicalshearingforceofthefiltermaterialduringbackwashing.Asaresultofthejointaction,thesolidparticlesattachedtothefibersurfacecaneasilyfalloff,therebyimprovingthecleanlinessofthefiltermaterial,sothattheasymmetricfiberfiltermaterialalsohasthebackwashingfunctionoftheparticlefiltermaterial.
2.Continuousgradientdensityfilterbedstructurewithsparsetopandbottomdensity
Thefilterbedcomposedofasymmetricfiberbundlefiltermaterialiscompactedbythewaterflow,whenthewaterflowsthroughthefilterlayerResistanceisgenerated.Fromtoptobottom,theheadlossisgraduallyreduced,thewaterflowisgettingfasterandfaster,thedegreeofcompactionofthefiltermaterialisgettinghigherandhigher,andtheporosityisgettingsmallerandsmaller,sothatalongthedirectionofthewaterflow,acontinuousgradientdensityisautomaticallyformedThefilterlayerisdistributed,forminganinvertedpyramidstructure.Thisstructureisveryconducivetotheeffectiveseparationofsuspendedsolidsinwater,thatis,thedesorbedparticlesontheupperpartofthefilterbedareeasilycapturedandinterceptedinthelowernarrowchannelfilterbed,realizingtheunificationofhighfiltrationrateandhigh-precisionfiltration,andimprovingthefilterTheamountofdirtintercepted,andthefiltrationcycleisprolonged.
Characteristics
1.Highfiltrationaccuracy:theremovalrateofsuspendedsolidsinwatercanreachmorethan95%,anditcanpreventmacromolecularorganicmatter,viruses,bacteria,Impuritiessuchascolloidandironhaveacertainremovaleffect.Thetreatedwateraftergoodcoagulationtreatment,whentheinletwateris10NTU,theoutletwaterislessthan1NTU;
2,thefiltrationspeedisfast:generally40m/h,Upto60m/h,whichismorethan3timesthatofordinarysandfilters;
3.Largedirtholdingcapacity:generally15～35kg/m3,whichismorethan4timesthatofordinarysandfilters;
3.p>
4.Lowwaterconsumptionrateofbackwashing:thewaterconsumptionofbackwashingislessthan1～2%oftheperiodicfiltrationwater;
5.Lowdosageandlowoperatingcost:duetothefilterbedstructureAndthecharacteristicsofthefiltermaterialitself,thedosageofflocculantis1/2to1/3oftheconventionaltechnology.Theincreaseincyclewaterproductionreducestheoperatingcostpertonofwater;
6.Smallfootprint:thesameamountofwaterisproduced,andthefootprintislessthan1/3oftheordinarysandfilter.
7.Strongadjustability.Parameterssuchasfiltrationprecision,interceptioncapacityandfiltrationresistancecanbeadjustedasrequired;
8.Thefiltermaterialisdurableandhasaservicelifeofmorethan20years.
Processflow
Theflocculationdosingdeviceisusedtoaddflocculanttothecirculatingwaterfromthepump.Aftertherawwaterispressurizedbytheboosterpump,theflocculantispassedthroughThepumpimpellerisstirredandmixeduniformlytosuspendthefinesolidparticlesandcolloidalsubstancesintherawwaterformicro-flocculationreaction,andquicklygenerateflocswithavolumegreaterthan5microns,whichflowthroughthefiltrationsystempipelineintothehigh-efficiencyasymmetricfiberfilter,andtheflocsarefilteredThematerialisfilteredandretained.
Y-type
Y-typefilter(waterfilter)belongstothepipelinecoarsefilterseries,andcanalsobeusedforgasorothermediumlargeparticlefiltration,installedonthepipelinetoremovefluidTherelativelylargesolidimpuritiesinthemediumenablethemachineryandequipment(includingcompressors,pumps,etc.)andinstrumentstoworkandoperatenormally,achieveastableprocess,andensuresafeproduction.TheY-typefilter(waterfilter)hastheadvantagesofsimpleproduction,convenientinstallationandcleaning,andlargedirtholdingcapacity.
Disctype
Thediscfilterisadevicethatiscomposedoffilteringunitsandusedinthefilteringsystem.
Thediscfilteriscomposedoffilterunitsarrangedsidebyside.Thefilterunitismainlycomposedofagroupofring-shapedreinforcedplasticfilterdiscswithgroovesorribs.Sewageentersfromtheoutsideduringfiltration,andtherimformedbytheedgeofthegrooveontheadjacentfilterdiscinterceptsthesolidsinthewater;whenbackwashing,thewaterflowsfromtheinsideoftheannularfilterdisctotheoutside,whichwilltrapthedirtonthefilterdiscRinsedownanddischargethroughthesewageoutlet.
Thediscsarestackedtightlyandcompactlyintheunit,andthemiddlegroovesoftheupperandlowerdiscsplayaroleoffilteringandinterception.Whentherawwaterpassesthroughthefilterunit,itflowsfromtheoutsidetotheinside,andtheimpuritieslargerthanthegroovewillbeinterceptedoutside.Thecorecomponentofthediscfilteristhestackedplasticfilterdiscs.Therearespecialgroovesorribsonthefilterdiscs.Thegroovesorribsontheadjacentfilterdiscsformchannelsofacertainsize.Theparticlesizeislargerthanthechannelsize.Thesuspendedmatterisinterceptedtoachievethefilteringeffect.Thisproductcanreplacetraditionalmechanicalfiltrationdevicessuchassandfilterstoalargeextent,withsuperiorperformanceandmuchlowerwaterandelectricityconsumptionthanotherproducts.
Thediscfilterisdesignedwithedgesofdifferentstructuresonbothsidesofthefilterdisc.Theseedgesaresuperimposedtoformaninterceptionsurface.Amongthem,thecurvededgemainlyservestointerceptandstorethesuspendedmatter.Theoutersideisslightlylarger.Theopendesigncanensurethatthereisnoneedtoloosenthefilterdiscduringbackwashing,andathoroughbackwashingeffectcanbeachievedwhenthewaterpressureislow;theannularedgedeterminesthefiltrationaccuracyandconstitutesthewaterchannel,andthefilterdisccanprovideupto5μfiltrationAccuracy.Whentherawwaterentersthemiddleofthetwo-layerfilterdisc,itfirstflowsalongthecurvededgeintothedisc,butitcannotenterdirectlyaftercarefulobservation.Atthistime,itistheannularedgethatplaystheroleoffilteringandinterception.Theimpuritiessmallerthanthesizeoftheannulargroovecanenterthecurvededgecommunicatingwiththeinsidealongtheannularedge,andthelargeimpuritiesareintercepted.
Theuniquestructureofthefilterdiscalsomakesthebackwashingprocessofflushingoutthedirtsimplerandeasier,withouttheneedforcomplicatedmotorsanddrivers,andasimplewaterflowisenoughtoflushoutthedirtFilterelement.Thisexcellentperformancereducesthebackwashingtimeofthefilter;atthesametime,becausethedirtisnotonlystoredbetweenthefilterplategroupandthehousing,butmorecanbestoredinsidethefilterplategroup,thefiltercanholdmoredirt
Initialeffect
FAOnePFInitialeffectfilter
InitialeffectplatefilterFAonePFprimaryeffectfilter
FA-PFprimaryeffectfilter,beforethefiltermaterialispleated,alayerofgalvanizedironmeshisattachedtotheairoutletsurfaceofthefiltermaterial.ThislayerofironmeshcannotonlyprotectThefiltermaterialwillnotbebroken,anditcanalsopreventthefiltermaterialfromdeformingduetowindpressure,soitcanensurethatallthesurfaceofthefiltermaterialcanbefullyutilized.
Useaspecialacupuncturetechniquetoprocessthefiberofthefiltermaterialtoformagradualstructure,sothatthefilterhasahigherdustcapacityandalongerservicelife.
Theouterframeofthefilteriscomposedofasolidwaterproofboard,whichisusedtofixthefoldedfiltermaterial.Thediagonaldesignontheouterframecanprovidealargefilteringareaandmaketheinnerfiltermaterialtightlyadheretotheouterframe.Thesurroundingsofthefilteraregluedwiththeouterframewithspecialprofessionaladhesiveglue,whichcanpreventairleakageordamagecausedbywindpressure.
Features:
Thefilterisdividedintothreesizesofdepth1'',2''and4'',anditsfilteringareaisageneralflatfilter.Fivetimesthenet,ithasalongerservicelifeandhigherfiltrationefficiencythanaclassofglassfiberfiltersorrayonfilters.
Itcanbeuseddirectlyorasaprimaryfiltertoprotectthemiddleandhighefficiencyfiltersinthebacksectionoftheairconditioningsystem.
Thefiberistreatedwithaspecialpinningtechniquetoformagradualstructure,sothatthefilterhasthecharacteristicsoflowpressureloss,highdustcollection,andlongservicelife.
Usage:
ThecoarsefiltersystemofgeneralairconditionercanextendtheservicelifeofbagandHFPAfilters.Itisacoarsefilterforfactoryexhaustgasandprocessingdustcollection.
Faucet
Basicinformation
Specifications:height60mmColor:lightblue,lightpink,white(randomlyissued)
Composition:1filter,1connection
Material:PSplastic,zeolite,activatedcarbon(coconutshell),PVAnon-wovenfabric
Features
Thematerialrequirementsandeffluentqualityrequirementsareproducedinaccordancewiththe"RegulationsonHygienicSafetyandFunctionalEvaluationofDrinkingWaterDisposers".
Itcanremoveresidualchlorine,heavymetalsandotherimpuritiesintapwater.Makethewatermoresweetandsanitary.
Thisproductachievestheeffectofrapidlayeredfiltrationandpurificationthroughtheinternalwaterfiltertissuelayer:
⒈Non-wovenfabric:filteroutironslagandvisibleimpuritiesinthewaterpipe;Coconutactivatedcarboncanreducethealkalinesubstancesinthewater;
⒉Silicateionzeolite:Itcanremovesomeheavymetalimpuritiesandodorssuchasresidualchlorineandresidualammonia,makingthewatermoresweetandsanitary;
⒊Coconutshellactivatedcarbon:high-qualitycoconutshellasthematerial,theproducthasgoodadsorptioncapacity,highstrength,anduniformparticlesize.Theappearanceisblack,withwell-developedvoids,highadsorptionrate,goodstrength,stableperformance,easyregeneration,anddurability.Itcaneffectivelyremovethepeculiarsmellandcolorinthewater,andcaneffectivelyhelppeopleremovecarcinogens,makingthewaterclearandsoftintaste.Itiswidelyusedinthedeeppurificationofdrinkingwater.
⒋Theproductissmallinsize,easytoloadandunload,andissuitableforallkindsofoldandnewfaucets;
⒌Slowdownandcontrolthewaterflowofthefaucet,preventwatersplashes,andsavewatersources.
Scopeofapplication
Becausethefaucetspecificationsaredifferent,inordertoenhancethesealingeffectoftheinstallation,
Itcanbeproperlyadjustedduringtheinstallationprocess.Userawmaterialtape(sealingtape).
Precautions
1Avoidusingitinhotwaterforalongtime,preferablybelow50degrees.
2Blackwaterwillflowoutwhenitisfirstused,whichiscausedbythepowderofbasicactivatedcarbon,anditcanbeusednormallyafter5-10secondsofdrainingthewater.
Newproductdevelopment
Traditionalfiltersusuallyuseafiltertoseparateparticlesfromtheliquid.Thefilterneedstobereplacedandcleanedfrequently,otherwiseitispronetoclogging.Incomparison,fishhaveastrongeroralfiltrationcapacity.Filter-feedingfish,suchasgoldfish,spoonsturgeons,baskingsharks,andwhalesharks,canretainfoodparticlesduringfilteringwhileavoidingcloggingoftheoralfilterbydebris.
TheresearchteamoftheCollegeofWilliamandMaryintheUnitedStatesreportedonMarch29,2016thattheydesignedahigh-efficiencyfiltermodelbasedonthefiltermechanismofthefilter-feedingfishmouthstructure,whichcaneffectivelyavoidthecloggingproblem.TheyreportedinthelatestissueoftheonlineversionoftheBritish"NatureCommunications"thatbasedonthestructurecalled"gillarch"inthemouthofthekeysnoutsturgeonandbaskingshark,theydesigneda3Dprintedtaperednylonplasticfiltermodel.Theyputthemodelinawaterflowpooltoobservethefilteringeffect,andcompareditwiththefilteringmechanismoftheoralstructureoftheskeysnosesturgeon.
Itturnedoutthatboththemodelandthefish’smouthareusedtotrapparticlesandpreventblockagesbycreatingvortexesintheliquid.Thegillarchisacone-shapedstructureformedbybendinghardbonesorcartilagetosupportthegills.Thebonesarearrangedinparallellikeold-fashionedradiators.
Theresearchersexplainedthatthetaperedstructurehelpsthewaterflowinthefish’smouthtoformwatercurrentsandvortices,whiletheparallelarrangementofboneshelpssmallparticlestogather,andthetwocombinetoforma"vortex".The"rotatingstepfilter"mechanismallowsparticlessmallerthanthegapbetweenthebonestobeintercepted.
OneoftheauthorsofthereportandascholaratWilliamandMaryCollegeLaurieSandersonsaidthatthiskindoffiltrationmechanismwillbewidelyusedinthefuture,frommicrofiltersthatfilteronlycell-sizedparticlestolargeindustrialpipelines.Allfilterscanplayaroleinhighefficiency.
Installationmethods
Therearethreetypes:flangeconnection,threadedconnectionandwelding.
Selectionprinciple
1.Inletandoutletdiameter:
Inprinciple,theinletandoutletdiameterofthefiltershouldnotbelessthanTheinletdiameterofthematchedpumpisgenerallythesameastheinletpipediameter.
2.Nominalpressure:
Thepressurelevelofthefilterisdeterminedaccordingtothehighestpressurethatmayappearinthefilterpipeline.
3.Selectionofthenumberofholes:
Themainconsiderationistheparticlesizeoftheimpuritytobeintercepted,whichisdeterminedaccordingtotheprocessrequirementsofthemedium.Fortheparticlesizethatcanbeinterceptedbyvariousspecificationsofscreens,checkthefollowingtable"Filterspecifications".
4.Filtermaterial:
Thematerialofthefilterisgenerallythesameasthematerialoftheconnectedprocesspipeline,anditcanbeconsideredfordifferentserviceconditions.Filtermadeofcastiron,carbonsteel,lowalloysteelorstainlesssteel.
5.Filterresistancelosscalculation
Forwaterfilters,thepressurelossis0.52～1.2kpaunderthegeneralcalculationoftheratedflowrate
Installationlocation
⑴Ingenerallow-pressuredeviceswithapressurebelow140kg/cm2,usuallyonlythesuctionfilterisinstalled,butthereturnfilterandairfiltershouldalsobeinstalled.
⑵Ingeneralmediumandhighpressureliquidinstallationswithapressureabove140kg/cm2,areturnfilterisgenerallyusedtocontrolthepollutionconcentration.However,whentherearespecialrequirementsforreliability,ahigh-pressurepipelinefiltershouldbeusedtogether.
⑶Inordertoincreasethereliabilityofelectromagneticproportionalcontrolvalveorsmallflowregulatingvalve,aterminalfiltershouldbeinstalled.
⑷Whenusingservovalves,effortsshouldbemadetoreducethepollutionconcentrationofthesystem.Therefore,highpressureandreturnfiltersshouldbeusedtogether;forlargevolumes,acirculatingfiltershouldbeinstalled,andaterminalshouldbeinstalledontheauxiliarypipeline.filter.
Precautions
Theinstallationpositionsoftheoilfilterinthehydraulicsystemareusuallythefollowing:
⑴Itmustbeinstalledatthesuctionportofthepump:
Surface-typeoilfiltersaregenerallyinstalledonthesuctionlineofthepumptofilteroutlargerimpuritiesandparticlestoprotectthehydraulicpump.Inaddition,thefilteringcapacityoftheoilfiltershouldbemorethantwicethepumpflow,Thepressurelossislessthan0.02MPa.
⑵Installedontheoutletoilcircuitofthepump:
Thepurposeofinstallinganoilfilterhereistofilteroutpollutantsthatmayinvadevalvesandothercomponents.Itsfiltrationaccuracyshouldbe10-15μm,anditcanwithstandtheworkingpressureandimpactpressureontheoilcircuit,andthepressuredropshouldbelessthan0.35MPa.Atthesametime,asafetyvalveshouldbeinstalledtopreventcloggingoftheoilfilter.
(3)Installedontheoilreturnlineofthesystem:Thiskindofinstallationplaysanindirectfilterfunction.Generally,abackpressurevalveisinstalledinparallelwiththefilter.Whenthefilterisblockedandreachesacertainpressurevalue,thebackpressurevalveopens.
⑷Installedonthebranchoilcircuitofthesystem.
⑸Singlefiltersystem:Largehydraulicsystemcanbespeciallyequippedwithahydraulicpumpandoilfiltertoformanindependentfiltercircuit.
Inadditiontotheoilfilterrequiredbytheentiresysteminthehydraulicsystem,aspecialoilfilterisofteninstalledinfrontofsomeimportantcomponents(suchasservovalves,precisionthrottlevalves,etc.).Makesuretheyareworkingproperly.
Selectionpoints
Whenselectingtheoilfilter,thefollowingpointsshouldbeconsidered:
⑴Thefilteringaccuracyshouldmeetthepredeterminedrequirements.
⑵Itcanmaintainsufficientflowcapacityforalongtime.
⑶Thefilterelementhassufficientstrengthandwillnotbedamagedbyhydraulicpressure.
⑷Thefilterelementhasgoodcorrosionresistanceandcanworkforalongtimeunderthespecifiedtemperature.
⑸Thefilterelementiseasytocleanorreplace.
Therefore,theoilfiltershouldbeselectedaccordingtothetechnicalrequirementsofthehydraulicsystem,accordingtothefilteringaccuracy,flowcapacity,workingpressure,oilviscosity,workingtemperatureandotherconditions.
Accuracyconversion
Numberofmeshes | μm | Numberofmeshes | μm |
2 | 8000 | 100 | 150 |
3 | 6700 | 115 | 125 |
4 | 4750 | 120 | 120 |
5 | 4000 | 125 | 115 |
6 | 3350 | 130 | 113 |
7 | 2800 | 140 | 109 |
8 | 2360 | 150 | 106 |
10 | 1700 | 160 | 96 |
12 | 1400 | 170 | 90 |
14 | 1180 | 175 | 86 |
16 | 1000 | 180 | 80 |
18 | 880 | 200 | 75 |
20 | 830 | 230 | 62 |
24 | 700 | 240 | 61 |
28 | 600 | 250 | 58 |
30 | 550 | 270 | 53 |
32 | 500 | 300 | 48 |
35 | 425 | 325 | 45 |
40 | 380 | 400 | 38 |
42 | 355 | 500 | 25 |
45 | 325 | 600 | 23 |
48 | 300 | 800 | 18 |
50 | 270 | 1000 | 13 |
60 | 250 | 1340 | 10 |
65 | 230 | 2000 | 6.5 |
70 | 212 | 5000 | 2.6 |
80 | 180 | 8000 | 1.6 |
90 | 160 | 10000 | 1.3 |
Testprinciple
※Bubblepointmethodtestprinciple:Whenthefiltermembraneandthefilterelementarecompletelyinfiltratedwithacertainsolution,andthenpressurizedononesidebytheairsource(theairinletcontrolsysteminourinstrumentcanstabilizethepressureandadjusttheairinlet),asthepressureincreases,theairflowsfromthefiltermembraneReleaseonthesideofthefilm,showingthesizeandnumberofthefilmonthesideForbubblesofvaryingamounts,thecorrespondingpressurevaluedeterminedbytheinstrumentisthebubblepoint.
※Diffusionflowtestprinciple:Diffusionflowtestmeansthatwhenthegaspressureis80%ofthebubblepointvalueofthefilterelement,therehasnotyetbeenalargeamountofgasperforation,butasmallamountofgasfirstDissolveintothemembraneoftheliquidphase,andthendiffusefromtheliquidphasetothegasphaseontheotherside.Thispartofthegasiscalledthediffusionflow.
※Whythediffusionflowmethodisbetter:Thebubblepointvalueisonlyaqualitativevalue.Fromthebeginningofthebubbletothefinalgroupbubble,itisarelativelylongprocessandcannotbeaccuratelyquantified.Themeasurementofthediffusionflowvalueisaquantitativevalue,whichcannotonlyaccuratelydeterminetheintegrityofthefilter,butalsoreflecttheporosity,flowrateandeffectivefiltrationareaofthemembrane.ThisiswhyforeignmanufacturersusediffusionThereasonfortheintegrityoftheflowmethodtest.
※Waterintrusionmethodtestprinciple:Thewaterintrusionmethodisdedicatedtothetestofhydrophobicfilterelements.Thehydrophobicmembraneisresistanttowater.Thesmallertheporesize,thegreaterthepressurerequiredtosqueezewaterintothehydrophobicmembrane.Therefore,underacertainpressure,measurethewaterflowsqueezedintothefiltermembranetodeterminetheporesizeofthefilterelement.
Industrystandard
CJ/T3068-1997polymersinteredmicroporoustubularfilter
GB/T13554-2008highefficiencyairfilter
p>GB/T14295-2008airfilter
GB/T14382-2008three-passfilterforpipeline
GB/T17486-2006hydraulicfilter
p>HG/T21637-1991chemicalpipelinefilter
HG/T4085-2009pressuretypefiberbundlefilter
JB/T7538-1994pipelinebasketFilter
SY/T0523-2008oilfieldwatertreatmentfilter
YY-T0142-1994single-useairfilterforinfusionandbloodtransfusionequipment
JB-T7374-1994pneumaticairfilter
HG-T20570.22-1995pipefilter
JB-T6417-1992airfilterforairconditioning
JB-T9044-1999highgradientmagneticfilter
YY0286.1-2007disposableprecisionfilterinfusionset
JB/T10410-2004industrialwaterautomaticreactionFlushingfilter
Maintenance
①.Coarsefilter
1.Thecorepartofthefilteristhefilterelement,whichconsistsofthefilterFrameandstainlesssteelwiremesh.Thestainlesssteelwiremeshisawearablepartandneedsspecialprotection;
2.Afterthefilterhasbeenworkingforaperiodoftime,certainimpuritieshaveprecipitatedinthefiltercore,andthepressuredropsatthistime.Increase,theflowratewilldecrease,andtheimpuritiesinthefilterelementneedtoberemovedintime;
3.Whencleaningimpurities,payspecialattentiontothestainlesssteelwiremeshonthefilterelementnottobedeformedordamaged,otherwise,installitagainAfterthefilter,thepurityofthefilteredmediumdoesnotmeetthedesignrequirements,andthecompressor,pump,instrumentandotherequipmentwillbedamaged;
4.Ifthestainlesssteelwiremeshisfoundtobedeformedordamaged,itneedstobereplacedimmediately.
②,precisionfilter
1.Thecorepartoftheprecisionfilteristhefilterelement.Thefilterelementiscomposedofspecialmaterials,whicharesuitableforwearandneedspecialprotection;
p>2.Whentheprecisionfilterhasbeenworkingforaperiodoftime,thefilterelementofthefilterwillholdacertainamountofimpurities.Atthistime,thepressuredropwillincreaseandtheflowratewilldecrease.Theimpuritiesinthefiltermustberemovedintimeandcleanedatthesametime.Filterelement;
3.Whenremovingimpurities,payspecialattentiontotheprecisionfilterelement.Itmustnotbedeformedordamaged.Otherwise,thefilterelementthatisinstalledagainwillnotmeetthedesignrequirementsofthepurityofthefilteredmedium;
4.Someprecisionfilterelementscannotbeusedrepeatedly,suchasbagfilterelements,polypropylenefilterelements,etc.;
5.Ifthefilterelementisfoundtobedeformedordamaged,itneedstobereplacedimmediately.
Three.Payattentiontorustprevention,paintorbutterontheflange,andheatpreservation
Applicationindustry
⒈Irrigationofgardenlawnandagriculture.
⒉Totalwatersupplyfiltrationsystemforcatering,textile,mining,electronics,andfoundryindustries.
⒊Waterfiltrationfornozzlesinpulpingandpapermaking,metallurgyandmachineryindustries.
⒋Generalcirculatingwaterfiltrationinfood,power,mining,andsmeltingindustries.
⒌Pharmaceutical,petrochemicaloilrefining,airconditioningsystemorheatingsystemcoolingtowercirculatingwaterfiltration.
⒍Ionexchangepretreatmentofpetrochemical,electromechanical,andpharmaceuticalwastewater.
Filterscreen
Thefilterscreenismainlystainlesssteelwiremesh.
Stainlesssteelwiremesh(Stainlesssteelmesh)
Material:SUS201,202,302,304,316,304L,316L,321stainlesssteelwire
Weaving:plainweave,twillweave,denseweave
Thespecificationofstainlesssteelwiremeshis1mesh-635mesh.Inthecaseofdensetwillweave,itcanreachamaximumof2800mesh.
304stainlesssteelmeshgenerallyrefersto"18-8"(18%chromium,8%nickel)mostlybasicstainlesssteelalloy,whichisverysuitableformeshcloth.Itcanbeexposedoutdoorsandwillnotrustorbeoxidizedwhentheoutsidetemperaturerisesto1400degreesFahrenheit.
304LstainlesssteelmeshisverysimilartoT-304,thedifferenceisthatthecarboncontentisreduced,whichismoreconducivetoweavingandre-welding.
316stainlesssteelmeshcanbestabilizedbyadding2%molybdenum.T-316isan"18-8"alloy.Itislesspronetocorrosionthanotherchromium-nickelstainlesssteelsinsaltwater,sulphurwaterorinhalogensalts.Forexample,chlorideisanobviousexample.ThemostvaluablefeatureofT-316isthatithasstrongercreepresistanceatrisingtemperatures.OthermechanicalandstructuralfeaturesarethesameasT-304.
316LstainlesssteelmeshisverysimilartoT-316,thedifferenceisthatthecarboncontentisreduced,whichismoreconducivetoweavingandre-welding.
Usage:Becausestainlesssteelhasthepropertiesofacidresistance,alkaliresistance,abrasionresistance,temperatureresistance,etc.,itisoftenusedforscreening(screen)andfiltering(screen)underacidandalkalienvironmentalconditions.Itisusedasmudinthepetroleumindustry.Mesh,chemicalfiberindustryasascreenfilter,electroplatingindustryasapicklingmesh
filterelement
Asthenameimplies,theprecisionfilterelementistheheartofthefilter.Thefilterelementisgenerallyusedforoilfiltrationandwaterfiltration.Filtration,airfiltrationandotherfiltrationindustries.
1.Theairpermeabilityoftheprecisionfilterelement:thefilterelementadoptsthestronghydrophobicandoleophobicfiberfiltermaterialoftheUnitedStates,andadoptsaframeworkwithgoodpermeabilityandhighstrengthtoreducetheresistancecausedbypassing.
2.Thehighefficiencyoftheprecisionfilterelement:thefilterelementadoptsthefine-openingspongeofGermany,whichcaneffectivelypreventtheoilandwaterfrombeingentrainedbythehigh-speedairflow,sothatthesmalloildropletsthatpassdowntheroadgatheratthelowerendofthefilterelementspongeandarearrangedsidebysideThebottomofthefiltercontainer.
3.Theairtightnessoftheprecisionfilterelement:areliablesealingringisusedatthejunctionofthefilterelementandthefilterhousingtoensurethattheairflowisnotshort-circuitedandpreventimpuritiesfromdirectlyenteringthedownstreamwithoutpassingthroughthefilterelement.
4.Anti-corrosionofprecisionfilterelement:Thefilterelementadoptsanti-corrosionreinforcednylonendcapandanti-corrosionfilterelementframe,whichcanbeusedinharshworkingconditions.