Biological economy

defined

1. bio-economy (Bioeconomy, or Biobased economy) is a research and development and application of life sciences and biotechnology-based, built on biotechnology products and the economy on the industry, and is an agricultural economy, industrial economy, economic information corresponding to the new economic form.

2. Bioeconomic is a concentrate of the term, which can be described in terms of energy and industrial raw materials are no longer entirely dependent on fossil fuels future society.

3. bio-economy is the aggregate economic operation, to describe in such a society, the mission of the potential value of biological products produced by biological processes and to win for the citizens and the state new growth and welfare benefits

development

for the revolutionary impact of life sciences and biotechnology for economic and social development, many countries and international organizations bio-economic development strategies and policies. For example: In December 2000 the US government proposed "to promote bio-economic revolution: bio-based products and bio energy" strategic plan; April 2012 the White House issued the "National Bio-economic blueprint", focused on depicting federal bioeconomy five strategic objectives . German bio-Economic Council (The German BioEconomy Council) 2011 In June 2009, he proposed a "bio-German economic priority development themes." Chinese Ministry of Science and in 2007 proposed bio-economy "three-step" strategy to promote the economic development of biological science and technology Ten action. In 2005 the EU issued a "new perspective of knowledge-based bio-economy" report; 2007 proposed Strategy Report "Towards Knowledge-based bio-economy"; in September 2010 issued "knowledge-based bio-economy in Europe: Achievements and Challenges" Strategy Report, European bio-economy and employment in the current market situation and its future growth are described and focuses on the need to integrate policies (integrated policy), research and innovation, to support low-carbon renewable conversion systems based product recommendations. In the same year, the European bio-industry Association (EuropaBio) put forward "to build bio-economy in Europe 2020" policy report. In February 2012, the European Commission issued the "Innovation for sustainable growth: European bio-economy" strategy aimed at making the EU economy to economic form of renewable resource use more sustainable. With the revelation of the double helix structure, the development of bio-economic conditions become more sophisticated. A base unit which gene vector, a nucleotide sequence is specific genetic effects on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecule. It is located on the chromosome, and arranged linearly on the chromosome. By copying the gene transfer of genetic information to the next generation, and the genetic information expressed. Study each section and its genetic control of protein function, it has a vital significance for the study of this complex human organism. In 2003, with the declaration of the human genome sequence map is completed, a complete view of life increasingly clear, the wave of biotechnology birth of the bio-economy, is expected to become after agriculture, industry, information technology wave, the fourth stocks contributed significantly to human civilization progressive forces.

Life Science and Biotechnology, to promote the formation of bio-economy (bioeconomy) concept, development concept and development platform and promote the bio-economy era. Bio-economy era is the bio-economy development to the mature stage of its particular historical period of economic and social development of mankind as the dominant form. Human economic society has experienced hunter-gatherer economy, agricultural economy, industrial economy; information economy is in the middle of the station. It was found and deciphered the human genome in 2000 marked the completion of the human society entered the bio-economy and nurture the growth stage in 1953 with the double helix structure DNA. From fossil fuels (mainly oil) time and other factors on the verge of exhaustion, is expected in the 2020s (2020s) late into the bioeconomy mature stage, that is, into the real biological economic era. Following the bio-economy is the agricultural economy, industrial economy, the information economy, the fourth wave of economic and social development of mankind. The advent of a new economic era, economic production and human life will undergo fundamental change. Bio-economy has created a new platform for sustainable development, the policy environment and background for the green revolution in agriculture, health care, energy and environment industries.

significance

human

If the first three shares of the wave of focus on changing the human to the outside world, then, biotechnology human understanding and change of their own will in make an unprecedented contribution. Health and longevity are generations of people look forward to this puzzle wind through biotechnology is expected to get an answer. Genetic diagnosis can be made to each one a newborn baby his own unique "genetic identity", detailed records of its excellent location and bad genes, in order to predict potential disease, adjust the best environment for their growth, but also hepatitis B can be treated, hemophilia, leukemia by means of gene therapy techniques, and even cancer and other traditional techniques to overcome difficult diseases by transplanting longevity genes, genetic modification cleared aging genes, longevity is no longer a dream.

Bill Gates predicted that the next over his wealth of people will be doing the development and industrialization of human genes. The current domestic and foreign bio-technology applications to gene therapy, the industry already worth billions of dollars in the beginning of the century and has been growing at over 100% per year, with the continuous improvement of their quality of life requirements of human growth momentum will more violent.

Agricultural

With the population growing grim situation and the sharp drop in available arable land conflicts continue to intensify, to ensure that the most basic human survival needs of agricultural production costs and raised productivity higher requirement. Application of transgenic technology not only can greatly shorten the crop growth cycle, to minimize the growth of insects, poison and the effects of extreme environment, but also improve the nutritional content of crops by regulating the quality of food "design" has a specific effect of the food to the concept on behalf of the drug to the limit. In 2003-- 2004 for two years, the global transgenic crop yield 19.958 billion kilograms in 2004, only to increase yield 3.084 billion kg in the United States; economic return directly in 1996-- $ 27 billion in 2004, in 2004 alone there are $ 6.5 billion; the use of pesticides 6% reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by 10 billion kg of carbon dioxide, equivalent to a decrease of 5 million vehicles.

July 9, 2008, Chinese State Council executive meeting approved in principle foster major science and technology (hereinafter referred to as "transgenic Project") through a new GMO varieties. The transgenic special funds of special funds from the Chinese Ministry of Science, to be invested about 24 billion yuan, will mainly tap into the advantages of genes, gene transfer and industrialization of breeding genetically modified crop varieties, showing that bio-economy in the agricultural sector market prospects immeasurable.

Industry

After gradually moving towards the edge of the depletion of the industrial era, oil, natural gas and other energy, industrial waste issues are also increasingly serious problems of environmental protection and new energy alternatives gradually replaced the simple effective output, be the subject of enterprise more pressing concern. While the use of solar and wind energy, bio-energy as a new energy is also caused a lot of concern. Biomass gasification power generation (Gasifieation Power Generation) is one of the latest technology for biomass conversion. It means that under certain thermodynamic conditions, the composition of the hydrocarbon conversion process of biomass containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen and other combustible gases. Gasification power generation technology is gradually maturing.

Information technology

In the information age, background, biotechnology and information technology complement each other. Supercomputer for large-scale computing, biotechnology unprecedented development, if you walk into the Institute's genome sequencing, almost mistakenly thought came to information technology companies. The computer is based on a silicon chip-based, due to the restrictions of physical space, power consumption and heat dissipation is facing other issues, will inevitably encounter limit development to achieve a major breakthrough, need to rely on innovative new materials.

In 2000, the University of California, Los Angeles, according to scientists can produce biological macromolecules in different states have no information and features, developed a molecular switch (molecular switches). In 2001 DNA computer can automatically run the world's first advent of the year and was named the world's top ten scientific and technological progress. In 2002, Professor Adleman pioneer in the field of computer research DNA using a simple DNA computer, there is a 24 variables in the experiment 100 million possible results of mathematical problems found the answer, research has taken an important DNA computer step. Military field, each inspired by a small eye can complete imaging dragonfly spawned a phased array radar, satellite innovative temperature control system is derived from the body of the butterfly scales, bionics in the military field indicates the perfect application of biotechnology in civilian areas great potential for replication.