Alsace
Alsace in France Northeast name, and Germany across the Rhine River. It is divided into two parts north and south of the Rhine: the northern province of Bas-Rhin and Haut-Rhin in the south. Main mountain hills, plains located in the Rhine Valley. An area of 8,280 square kilometers. Population 1.566 million (1982). Local residents continue a long time in a boycott of French rulers imposed their language and customs. It and Lorraine were ceded to Prussia in the Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871), a war is a French territory after the end of World War II return to the beginning of Nazi Germany, World War II again to regain France. Alsace and Lorraine are the origin of iron and steel in Western Europe.
Alsace other two French administrative border, which is located in the northeast of Comté, Lorraine east. In addition Alsace and Germany's Rhineland - bordering Wuerttemberg and Basel-City, Basel-Country and Solothurn, Switzerland - Palatinate, Baden. Has eight thousand two hundred and eighty square kilometers area of metropolitan France Alsace is the smallest administrative area of the region. Alsace, north and south about one hundred ninety kilometers, something only fifty kilometers long. Eastern Alsace Rhine as the boundary, there are stretches of the western mountains Fujie limited. Border areas in northern Alsace and Palatinate Forest is Biansenlin.
Alsace economically developed, ranking second twenty-two region of the country, second only to the Paris region. Import and export trade developed area, per capita foreign investment and foreign companies density rank highest in the country. Iron and steel, machinery, automobiles, oil refining, petrochemical and other industries, the cotton textile industry also developed. Important potash producer. Rhine and its tributaries flow through, abundant water resources. Fertile soil, producing cereals, grapes, vegetables, hops and tobacco. Rhine shipping busy canals and the Rhone river, the Marne connected. Slatter important cities Myers, Mulhouse and so on. Like all white wines of Alsace and Lorraine known origin, locally produced white wine named after a German named.
Lorraine
Lorraine is located in northeastern France. Including the Meuse, Vosges, Moselle and Meurthe - Moselle four provinces. An area of 23,500 square kilometers. A population of about 2.31 million. The capital is Nancy. Mainly highland terrain and deep valleys to the north and south and east of the River Moselle important coal field, west of a huge iron ore, the country's total output of more than 9/10, but the quality is not high. January average temperature 1 ~ 2 ℃, dated. 7 18 ℃, precipitation concentrated in the summer. 8th century BC Gaul is occupied by the tribe. 1766 classified all French territory. After the Franco-Prussian War was ceded to the German Empire. World War returned to France. Moselle valley is an important coal, iron ore and steel major industrial areas, as well as oil refining, electric power, electronics, machinery and other sectors, in the north-south strip area 100 kilometers, half the region's population is concentrated, railway , mainly in the industrial town of Longwy, Thionville, Arjen day, Hagondange and Pont Mousson and so on. Railway through Berlin, Amsterdam, Brussels, Basel and Milan and other cities. Nancy is the region's administrative center and the seat of many offices of large companies, but also a city of culture and tourism city. Meuse valley in farming and animal husbandry, there are some small cities, such as Verdun. Lorraine Natural Park was founded in 1974.
History
Lorraine comes from the word "kingdom of Lothair" the French title. Today's Lorraine (Lorraine) is equivalent to the range of Luo Lingong country on the 10th century. Lorraine since the 12th century, Xi said, "Lorraine." In 1552, King Henry II seized Metz (Metz) territory, Tours (Toul) and Verdun (Verdun) three dioceses.
8 century BC, was occupied by Gallic tribes, the advent of early mining, agriculture and animal husbandry. In 1552, the French occupied the country Luo Lingong Metz, Verdun and Tours. 30 years of war, the French occupied the whole territory of Lorraine in 1633. 1697 Lorraine turn is a Holy Roman Empire; in 1737 became a French puppet, the former king of Poland Stanisław I · Liexinsiji (Stanislaw I Leszczynski, 1677 ~ 1766) lifelong territory; 1766 incorporated in France, 1871 , after the Franco-Prussian war, the eastern Alsace and Lorraine from France ceded to Germany; in 1919 based on "Treaty of Versailles" to return to France; in 1940 as Hitler's Germany and mergers; 1945 France once again restore the sovereignty of Lorraine; now divided into the Meuse, Moselle, Meurthe - Moselle and Vosges four provinces.
Geography Climate
In addition to the most eastern Vosges mountains, the region's sedimentary area of the edge of the Paris basin. Plateau terrain dominant north-south valley (Moselle, Meuse) deep plateau, forming a unique cliff terrain. East of the River Moselle, Federal Republic of Germany and the bordering areas important coalfield (continuation Saar coalfield), west than from north to Nancy, Lu border has a huge iron ore, ore of high phosphorus content, impurities and more . Production accounts for more than 9/10 of the country. This region winter by the continental cold air flow, the average temperature in January 1 ~ 2 ℃, frost-free period 80 days; short and cool in summer, the average July temperature 18 ℃. Rainfall concentrated in summer.
industrial economy
Lorraine region has 74,500 enterprises, including the number of employees in more than 200 276, the average employee can create an annual production value of 60,000 francs. Many state enterprises settled in this investment, jobs such as Belgium, Italy, the Netherlands, Germany, the United States and other countries enterprises, foreign enterprises in the region to create accounts for 14% of France.
Lorraine traditional industries as quarrying, glass and crystal products, timber and paper industry, modern industry for the iron and steel metallurgy, automobile manufacturing (Mercedes-Benz Smart car brand famous factory will be located in the region), electronics manufacturing (many world-renowned companies such as JVC, Panasonic, Toshiba etc settled here), the chemical industry is also very developed.
agriculture meat, milk-based husbandry. Iron, rich in coal resources. Iron and steel industrial base, chemical, mechanical, textile and other industries are also important.
Lorraine region is France's largest cotton, coal-producing areas, the second largest steel and timber-producing areas, the third-largest brewer, rape and cheese origin, the annual capacity of about 46 billion kilowatts electricity , annual capacity of 3.5 million cubic meters of timber, 1.4 million livestock, produce 76% of coal country.
Moselle, Maas River, the Marne - Rhine Canal flows, water and land transportation developed. Important cities of Nancy, Metz and so on. Moselle valley is an important coal, iron ore and steel major industrial areas, as well as oil refining, electric power, electronics, machinery and other sectors, in the north-south strip area 100 kilometers, half the region's population is concentrated, railway , mainly in the industrial town of Longwy, Thionville, Arjen day, Hagondange and Pont Mousson and so on.