Yunshe

GuangyunSixteenPhotographs

ThesixteenphotographsareTong,Jiang,Zhi,Yu,Crab,Zhen,Mountain,Effect,Fruit,False,Dang,Stem,ZIng,Liu,Shen,Xianshe.Amongthem,Tong,Jiang,Zhen,Shan,Dang,GIng,ZIng,Shen,andXianhaveincomingsound,butstop,encounter,crab,effect,fruit,false,andflowhavenoincomingsound.

ShenandXianshe’sentrancetones[p],ZhenandShanshe’sentrancetones[t],Tong,Jiang,Dang,GIng,andZIngshe’sentrancetones[k].

One,two,three,four,etc.arethecrab,mountain,effect,andsaltyshots.Theothertwelveshotsarenotcomplete.Thespecificsituationisasfollows:thegeneralphotoonlyhasthefirstandthirdclass,theJiangphotoonlythesecondclass,thestopphotoonlythethirdclass,theYuphotoonlyhasthefirstandthirdclass,theZhenphotoonlyhasthefirstandthirdclass,thefruitphotohasonlythefirstandthirdclass,andthefalsephotoonlyhasthesecondandthirdclass.ThereareonlyoneandthreeclassesforDangshe,two,three,andfourforGIngshe,oneandthreeforZIngshe,oneandthreeforLiushe,andthirdandthirdforShenshe.Theyspecificallyinclude

1.Tongshe zahrnuje Dongdongzhong (Zvedání naplocho do seskupení, jděte a vstupte. Totéž níže)

2.JiangShejiang

3.ZhisheZhizhizhiwei(YinShIngyunmuhasnocorrespondinginputsound.Thesamebelow)

4.YusheYuyumodel

5.CrabandQijiaareallgraySacrificetoTaiChuan(thelastfourrhymeshavenocorrespondingPing,ShangShIngrhymes)

6.ZhensheZhenzhenZhenZhenWenxinYuansoulmark

7.ShansheHanhuandeletedShanXianxian

8.XiaoXiaoYaohao,XiaoXiao

9.GuosheGege

10.Falešné

11.DangSheYangTang

12.GIngSheGIngGIngQingqing

13.ZIngSheZhIngDIng

14.LiuSheYouHouyou

15.Shensheinvaze

16.XianshetantalksaboutsaltTiantianXianxiantitleYanfan

Press:pozdější generace bude většina Yuan Bubu patřit Shanshe, podle ""GuangYun" by měla být přijata do Zhen.

ResearchonMedievalFoley

Tongshe

DongandDonghavenodifferencesinMandarinsincetheSongDynastyandinmodernChinesedialects,although"PingShuiYun"Thetworhymesarejuxtaposed,buttheycannotbedistinguishedinspokenlanguageatthattime.AccordingtoWangLi'sfoliouando,thedifferenceisveryvagueundertheinfluenceoftheŋrhymeending.Iftheopeningdegreeofoisexaggeratedtoemphasizethedifference,thenthefolkoralliteraturesinceSongCiAllareoutofrhythmanddissonance,soDong(middle:third-classeast),Dong,andZhong(third-classwinter)arecombinedintoonerhyme,andtherhymeismadeu(o).

JiangShe

Thisisauniquerhymephoto,anditisalsoastrangerhymephoto.Jiangwasclassifiedasasecond-classrhymebytheotherrhymefamilybutreceivedthesamesecond-classrhymeswiththesamerhymeending.(GIng,GIng)Differentphotos.JiangYongsaid:"First-classHongda,second-classsecond-larger,threeandfourarefine,andfouraremorefine."AccordingtoTangZuofan's"PhonologyTutorial",heexplained:"'Hongda'ispronouncedwithalowertonguepositionthanthelatter.…Theso-called"fine"meansthatthetonguepositionishigherwhenpronounced."Infact,rhymeswithahightonguepositionlike"Dong"arealsoclassifiedasthefirstclass.Itcanbeseenthattheleadingroleisthefrontandbackratherthanthehighandlow.Butitisverycontradictory.Mostphonologistshavesimulatedthemainvowelof"JiangYun"as/ɔ/.AccordingtoWangLi’sestimation,inancienttimes,waitingcallsweredistinguishedbythepresenceorabsenceofmesophonesandhowthesoundvalues​​ofmesophonesweredistinguished.LiFangguietal.evenbelievedthattheinitial“mediumsound”actuallyevolvedfromtheconsonantconsonants.of.BasedonthesituationofmodernMandarin,Hakkaandotherdialects,theauthordecidedtousee-medium(correspondingtotheco-acousticmedialø,whichistransformedaccordingtodifferentvowels)asthemarkofsecond-classrhyme.Inthisway,nomatterwhatthevowelis,thesecond-classrhymemustbemorethanone.Waitforthesoundofthetongueatthefront,whichisinlinewiththetheoryof"Hong,Xi".Therefore,thepronunciationof"Jiang"isproposedtobe:/øaŋ/,whichretainsthesecond-classcharacteristicsandisdifferentfromGIngandGIng,andisconsistentwiththepronunciationofmodernMandarindialects.

Stopfotografie

Thisisacontradictoryrhymephoto.Accordingtoprinciple1,Zhi,Zhi,andZhishouldbeseparated.However,sincetheTangDynastyofficiallypromulgatedthe"QieYun"single-useandcombinedstyle,thereisnoactualdifferencebetweenthesethreerhymes,andthereisnooneinmoderndialects.Thefewremainingsignscanprovethattheseparationof"QieYun"isjustified.Inordertocompromisethiscontradiction,IsuggesttoseparatethesethreerhymeswhenreadingancientChineseproseandlaterarchaicprose,andcombinethesethreerhymeswhenreadingmodernpoems.Thespecificplanis:ancientsoundopening-branch/ie/,fat/i/,之/iə/,antientsoundhekou-branch/iue/,Zhi/(i)ui/(ofnohekou),opakuje se zdůrazňovat, že se rýmuje Břicho,čteno aəlehce,azpracovávátemintoarhykončící;blízko otevírání-větve,tuku,之,closing-Zhi/,blízko /.Weiyunu klade důraz na mezizvuky třetí třídy a odkazuje na moderní dialektyəi,iuəi(yəi).Nové slovo bylo sloučeno,stejnéníže.

Yushe

AlthoughYuandYustillhavesporadicdifferencesinmoderndialects(forexample,"number"and"suo"arestillseparatedinmostdialects),thesoundTheoppositionofpositionsisbasicallygone.Therefore,imitatingTongshemergesthemainvowelsoffish,yu,andmointo/u/,andthethirdgradeisiu,(theopeningdegreeofuiniumustbestrictlycontrolledtoavoidconfusionwiththethirdgradeofLiushe,andtoensurethatitisconsistentwiththefirstgrade.Theharmonyofrhyme).

XieShe

XieJeho rýma nemá žádný problém, to je, i. Záludná věc je folio šedé rýmy, zpracování rýmy druhé třídy, Ji, Tai, odpadu a 夬Rýmy a další problémy. Podrobně jsou analyzovány následující konkrétní problémy:

1)ThecombinationofHuiyun(first-classrhyme)andBianyunrhymeinPingshuirhymeshowsthatthepronunciationofthesetworhymesisverysimilar,butinmoderndialects,Thepronunciationofgrayrhymeisgenerallythinner,anditdoesn'tmatchtheɒi(oroi)oftherhymeatall.Forexample:

TheeastwindbreaksthroughtheearlyplumblossomsandopenstowardsNuanyi.Nooneseesiceandsnow,andspringcomesfromthesky.

Peoplewhoarenotfamiliarwiththestandardmetricwillprobablynotthinkthatthecharacter"梅"inthefirstsentenceofthispoemwillbeinrhyme.Originally,accordingtotheonomatopoeiaofphonologists,thegrayvowelisuɑiandthe咍rhymeisɑi.Thiscansolvetheproblemofnotpressingrhymes.However,inmoderndialects,thesecond-classrhyminggoodandjiearegenerallyusedasuaiinmoderndialects.,Howbigisthedifferencebetweenuaianduɑi?Howmanypeoplecandistinguishclearly?Inthepreviousarticle,itwasdecidedtousemedialsoundasthemarkofsecond-classrhyme,butsoundslikeeaiandʊaiaretoostrangeafterall,andtherearenosuchexamplesinvariousdialects.Inlinewithprinciplethree,trynottoperformmajorsurgeryonthearchaicsoundframereservedinMandarinandHakkadialects.Becauseofthenon-mainstreamonomatopoeia,thegrayrhymeisusedasɒi(orɔi).Inthisway,gray,gray,Swastikacanberhymed,althoughitisnotharmoniousenough,butwhocansaythattheeleganttoneoftheancientsisnotinthisform?Thinkaboutit,howcanuɒibecomeui(oruei).Correspondingly,therhymeof咍isofcourseɒi(ɔi).

2)JiaandJiemerged.ThemodernphoneticdifferencebetweenthetworhymesismainlyreflectedinthepartofthecharacterthatJiayunturnedtoFake.Imitatestopphoto,thegoodrhymeoftheancientsoundsisnotdifferentiated,thesamestreetrhymeisusedasiaioruai;thepseudo-rhymecharactersthatdifferentiateintothefalsephotoareia,ua,ifnecessarytoemphasizethesource,youcanaddtheendoftherhymel,asial,ual.

3)QiYun (čtvrtá třída) odkazuje na moderní dialekty, hlavní samohláskuɛishightoe, theopeningei a theclosinguei(øi).

4)Sacrifice,Thai,Chu,andabolishment.Accordingtothedistributionoftherhymediagram,thesacrificeisinterpretedasthethirdclassofQi,asiei,iuei(yei);thesamegenerationofTai;thesamestranger;thewastecanberegardedasthethirdclassofstrange.Ifitisnecessarytodistinguish,youcanprolongthepronunciationandpronouncetheendoftherhymeiclearly.

Zhenshe

1) Zhen, Zhen a Zhenjsou spojeny do jednoho rýmy, břicha, otevření je v(t)en(t),zavřená ústa jsou(i)Uint/(i)uen(t).

2)Rýmy Wena, Xina, Huna a Henareálnéhoə(ɤ),ale média zní WenandHunarkaždý nahlas,která může spolknout hymeə(ɤ),takže to neovlivní harmonii sluchu.Konkrétně:traceən(t)/ɤn(t),luxiniə /un(t),textiuən(t)/iun(t).

Shanshe,Xianshe

Thisproposalconsidersthatthetwo-shotvowelsystemisneatandsymmetrical,andthedifferenceisonlyintheendoftherhyme.

1)Han,Tanɒn(t),ɒm(p)

2)Huan,Tanɔn(t),ɔm(p) – dva rýmy ve WuChinese jsou Hekou, Huanhekou a Tankou v mandarínštině, vezměteɔ první a skutečná výslovnost nemusí být omezena na fonetické symboly, ale lze ji libovolně měnit.

3)Mountain(smazatstejný),název(Xiantong)ean(t),eam(p)-therhymehora(smazat)je kombinován s ústy a napodobuje dobrý,allisuan,který je opakemHuanYun.

4)Yuan,Yan(fan)iɐn(t),iɐm(p)--YuanandXianareallthird-classrhymes,butLuFayan'sgivesanexample:"First,"Xian,YouandHouJu'stheoryis"Qi",itcanbeseenthatthepronunciationofXianisrelativelythin,whichisclosertothefirstofthefourthclass.Therefore,IthinkYuanandYanshouldretainthesamerhymesofTonghan,TanorHuanandTan(fortheconvenienceofpronunciation),andXianyanwillmakeɛ(æ)higherintherhymesundertheinfluenceofthemedialsound.Yuanhewaswrittenbyiuɐn(yɐn).Inaddition,onlyFanyuninXianshecanmatchwithlightlipsound,andShansheonlyYuanyunwithlightlip.Therefore,itisconcludedthatthevowelsofthetworhymesarethesameandshouldbeclassifiedintoonecategory.

5)Xian,saltiɛn(t),iɛm(p)--Xianhekouiuɛn(yɛn), pokyny naleznete v předchozím článku.

6)Xian,Tianɛn/en(t),ɛm/em(p)--Thisisthefourth-classrhymeoftheEightClassicsofZhInger.AccordingtoLiRong'sonomatopoeia,theabdomenisregardedase,However,thispronunciationistoo"fine"andcannotbematchedwiththefirst-andsecond-classrhymesorthethird-classrhymessuchasYuanandYan.Inordertotakeintoaccounttheancientandmodernsounds,theprimitivetypeofthefourth-classrhymeisassumedtobeɛ.Firstlymake (uɛn)œn,půlvysokénapůlnízké přední samohlásky jako ɛdokážou snadno absorbovat zvuky předních kulatých rtů a sloučit je se samohláskami kolem rtů.

Efektová fotografie

1)Haoɒu

2)Disha:u

3)宵iɛu

4) Xiaoɛu (eu)

Guoshe

Therhymebelly je zamýšleno býtɔneboɒs nižším zaobleným rtem. Equaliuɔ(yɔ)

Falešná fotografie

Second-levelopen(e)a-themedialsoundisretainedafterthethroatinitials,andthemedialsoundsareremovedforotherinitials

Heua

Thethirdclassisopeniă--note:therhymeoftheancientcarisstillaccuratetothissound,notdifferentiated

heiua (ya)

DangPhoto

Firstclassopenɒŋ(k)firstclassuɒŋ(k)Thirdclassopeniɒŋ(k)Thirdclassopeniɒŋ(k)(yɒŋ(k))

StemPhoto

1)GIngGIngwiththesecond-classopeningɛŋ(k)thethird-classopeningiɛŋ(k)thesecond-classopeningœŋ(k)thethird-classopeningiœŋ(k)(thereasonfortheabsorptionofround-lipmedialsounds(Detailedabove)--BecausethefourrhymesofGIngsheinmoderndialectsandmoderndialectscanbeco-hybridized,andGIngandGIngareneverinconjunctionwithDangshe,itisbelievedthattherhymesofGIngandGInghavebeentransformedintopre-gaohua/ɛ/mayalsochangetherhyme,suchasHakkaasn ,čínské a vietnamské ɳ

2)Qingieŋ(k)iueŋ(k)/(yeŋ(k))青eŋ(k),protožePodobnost harmonického zvukovéhosystému věří,že QingandQingrhyme má stejné břicho,aQing je rým třetí třídy od Qingu,a Qing je rým třetí třídy z Qingu,zdůvodu Qosmihošimi

Napařování

Openoneəŋ(k)Openthreeiəŋ(k)společněJednouəŋ(k)v kombinaci se třemi iuəŋ(k)(yəŋ(k))-věnujte pozornost rozdílu mezi slovem hovory a fotografií.

Liushe

YouLiuheisonerhymefirstclassəuthirdclassiəu

hluboká fotografie

iəm(p)/im(P)

AncientFoleyResearch

Tong:uongyongongiong

Jiang:ɯong

Pouze:ie/yei/yiiəi/yəi

Seznamte se: uo/yoio

Krab: əi/uiai/uai

ɯe/ɯueɯei/ɯueiɯai/ɯuai

iei/yeiiai/yai

ei/uei

Zhen:ən/un

in/yiniən/yən

Hora:an/uan

ɯan/ɯuanɯen/ɯuen

ian/yanien/yen

en/uen

Efekt: au

ɯau

tj

eu

Ovoce:a/ua

ɯa/ɯua

ia/ya(GuoSanandMaSanhavenoopposition,theyarebasedonthedifferentiationoftonguerootsoundandtonguetoothsound,andcanbecombined)

Dang: ang/uang

iang/jang

Stonka: ɯang/ɯuangIng/ɯIng

ɯiang/ɯyangiIng/yIng

Ing

Jednou:əng/uəng

iəng

Stream: əu

iəuiu

Hluboké: im

Slaný: Əmam

ɯamɯem

iam/yamiem

em