Six tao

Úvod do práce

"SixSecretTeachings",alsoknownas"TheTaigongSixSecretTeachings"and"TheTaigongArtofWar",isafamousmilitarybookinancientChina.AnimportantpartoftheclassicalmilitaryculturalheritageoftheChineseHannationality,itscontentisbroadandprofound,itsthoughtsaresophisticatedandrichinsupport,anditslogicismeticulousandrigorous.ItisaconcentratedexpressionoftheessenceoftheancientHannationality'smilitarythought.Thebookhassixvolumesandatotalofsixtychapters.

Thecontentof"SixSecretTeachings"isveryextensive,andalmostallissuesrelatedtowarandvariousaspectsareinvolved.Themostexcitingpartisitsstrategicandtacticaltheory."ZhanGuoCe"Svazek22"WeiCeYi":"SuZiquotedfromtheBookoftheWeek,saying:'Willitbeendless,howcanitbedone?Ifthehairisnotplucked,youwillbecomeaxe.Ifyouworryaboutit,youwillhaveseriousproblemsafterwards.What?'"SuZiisSuQin,andthe"BookofZhou"hererefersto"TheTaigong' sGoldenChamber"nebo"TheTaigong'sConspiracy.""KaiyuanZhanjing"volume6andvolume11citated"ShangshuJingui",podle YaoZhenzong's"SuishuJingjiZhizhi·TaigongJingui"citovanéYanJnyming"Gejunsid"

"WarringStatesPolicy"Volume3"QinCe":"(SuQin)gottheplanoftheTaigongYinTalisman,andreciteit,conciselythoughttofigureitout.""ZhouShuYinSymbol".Theinterpretationof"Zhuangzi·XuWugui"quotedSimaBiaoandCuiZhuan:"TheGoldenEditionandtheSixTaoismsarethetitlesoftheZhoushu."TheYinqueshanHanTombBambooSlipsalsobelievesthat:"TheBookofTaigong,"ItwasalsocalledZhouShuinancienttimes,andtheproofsaid:“Thereisafragmentof"TheTwentyEightKingdomsofZhouZhi" ve fragmentu rukopisu Dunhuang "Six Tao" a text je lehce stejný jako v ZhouShu·History.,Existuje poměrně málo lidí, kteří jsou v rozporu s "Třimi tajnými Učeními" Taigongu, "Konspirace" a "Všichni ze 7. zlaté komory"(viz.

Takzvaný "LüShiChunQiu"ZhouShu'může také odkazovat na knihu Taigong."(V případě YanKejuncase,"YinTalisman"je zápletkou YinTalisman."Politika válečných států""SuQingotthezápletka"TaiGongYinTalisman""You"""historická" Osmdesát jednačlánků.Cloud"ZhouShu",ZhouShioficiální záznamy,stále"SixTao"volal ZhouShi.ZhucitedZhouShu"Yin""Fu",nebo"Kniha týdne",pro ověření,že to není"YiZhouShu". ,nemysli si,že ještě uvidíš.)

"Taigong'sGoldenChamber","BookofSui·JingJiZhi","YiLin","OldTangBook·JingJiZhi"and"TongZhiLue"areallcontainedin2volumes.

"TaigongConspiracy","SuiShu·JijiZhi":""TaigongConspiracy"onevolume(Liangsixvolumes.Liangalssohas"TaigongConspiracy"tři evoluční,vysvětleno císařem WeiWu).""Stará"Lib.KnihaTang·Jing·terBook"Hor. Spiknutí Taigongu „jeden objem a tři evoluce (poznámka císaře WeiWu).

Clearlyrecord"Taigong'sGoldenChamber"and"Taigong'sConspiracy"althoughtheywerefirstseenin"SuiShu·JiJiZhi",butinfacttheyarein"SevenLue"and"HanShu·YiWenZhi"."BingshuBrief·StrategyofMilitaryStrategy"in"Hanshu·Yiwenzhi":"Thirteenmilitarypowersplan,twohundredandfifty-ninearticles."Asmallnotesays:"Province"Yiyin","Taigong","Guanzi",and"SunQingzi""Heguanzi","Suzi","Kuitong","LuJia","HuainanKing"259kinds,"Sima"isalsoincludedintheceremony."

WesternHanDynastyNationalKatalog knih"LueZhuZiLue"of"HanYiWenZhi":""Taigong"237.(LvWangisMasterZhouShangfu,whooriginallyhadTaoism.ItmayhavebeenaddedbythosewhothoughtTaigongShuinmoderntimes.)"Thereareeighty-onearticlesin"Mou",seventy-onearticlesin"Yan",andeighty-fivearticlesin"Bing"."QingShenQinhansaid:"Mu "je taigongské "spiknutí" a "Yan" je taigongské "zlaté".

Inthe"Hanshu·Yiwenzhi",the"BingQuanMou"bet"Province"Taigong"",andthereisnodoubtthatpartofthe"BingQuanMou"isfromthe"Taigong"recordedin"SevenLue".GuShisaid:"Forexample,thereareeighty-onearticlesin"Taigongmou"inthisbook,85articlesin"Bing",thecurrenteditionof"Guanzi·TheArtofWar","Participation","Xunzi·Yibing","Huainan·StrategicStrategy"""andotherarticlesshouldbeincludedinthis259tharticle."Theformersagehasprovedthatthe"Mou"recordedin"Hanshu·Yiwenzhi"is"conspiracy",thatis,"TaigongConspiracy",and"yan"is"Taigong'sGoldenChamber"and"Bing"are"Taigong'sArtofWar"or"SixSecretTeachings"or"SixSecretTeachingsofTaigong".

QianDazhaosaid:""Mou","Yan"and"Bing",asfarasthetwohundredandthirty-sevenarticlesareconcerned,"Taigong"hasthegeneralname."ShenQinhansaid:""Mou"ThosewhoaretheTaigong’s"Intrigue",the“words”arethe"GoldenChamber"oftheTaigong,andallthegoldeditionsofthegoodwords."Yuan"referstoall."Bing"means"TaigongArtofWar","SuoYuan·ZhiwuPian"quotes"TaigongArtofWar"."GuShisaid:""Sui","TangZhi"and"TongZhi"record"TherearemanykindsofTaigongshu,andthe"TongKao"onlyhasthe"SixTaoists"."Zhuangzi"iscalled"GoldenVersionofSixTaoists",and"Huainanzi"alsosays"GoldenLeopardTao"."

Thereisanother"SixChaptersofZhouHistoryandSixTaoisms"in"Books·ArtandLiteratureHistory"in"ZhuZilue·Confucianism",asmallnote:"betweenHuiandXiang,orthetimeoftheking,orConfuciusWenYan."YanShiguthoughtthat"thepresent"SixSecretTeachings"isalso."Theofficialsofthe"Siku"didnottakeitseriously,thinkingthatthesearetwokindsofbooks.ShenTao's"EssaysonCopperIronHouse"intheQingDynastyprovedthatthe" Šest taoistických"v"HanZhi" by mělo být "velké Tao"."Mělo by to být ve 237.kapitole"TheTaigong"."YaoZhenzong's"SuishuJingjiZhizhi"si myslel,že"tento důkaz je mimořádně jádro." areall from "Taigong".

"Historické záznamy·TheFamilyofEmperorQiTaigong":"ZhouXibochang'sTuoyili,returnedtoLuShangconspiredtocultivatemoralityinordertoindulgeinbusinessandpolitics,anditsaffairsaremanymilitarypowersandmiracles.Theyinpoweristheplanoftheemperor."Volume11of"StoryofDistressedLearning"alsoquotedYeMengdeassaying:"Hiswordscoverthe"SixSecretTeachings"."SongDaiying's"MousePu"isunderthevolume:"TotheKingofWen"ConspiringwiththeTaigongtoengageinbusinessandpolitics,thematterisalotofmilitarypower,butthe"HanShu·Yiwenzhi" notes:'LvWangisthefatherofZhouShang,whooriginallyhadtheTao,orhasthemodernTaigongarttoincrease.'HanIt'sbeensuspectednow,butnowyoucanmakeYoukeXiaseriousone?"SongHexie"ChunzhuJiwen"Volume5"AncientBookSuoMing":"XianjunYan"SixTaoist"isnotwrittenbyTaigong,thereistextualresearchinit.Theplace."MingHuYinglin's"FourBudsZhengyu":"Inthestudyof"HanZhi",thereis "Šest Taoistů". Na začátku se Taigong objevil v raných dobách a kniha zemřela na konci dynastie Východní Han. Z tohoto důvodu existují také "Suizhi" a "Šest tajných učení".

The"Historické záznamy·TheFamilyofLiuhou"describesthebookpresentedbyZhangLiangdeandhisfatherinWeishang,"Itisregardedasthe"TaigongArtofWar"."Theformerquoted"WarringStatesPolicy·QinPolicy",andevenmoreremembersSuQinde's"TheConspiracyofTaigongYinTalisman".Regarding"Taigong"asaworkbetweentheChuandHandynastiesandevenintheHandynasty,itseemstobeconservative.Historically,scholarsjudgedittobeaworkoftheWarringStatesPeriodbasedonthecontentof"SixTaoist".

SongYeshi's"XiXueJiYan"Volume46"SixTao":"Hiswordsavoidthemainhall,itisaftertheWarringStatesperiod,anditwillbethegrandson.""XueXueJiWen"Volume5:"AncientcarWar.IntheSpringandAutumnPeriod,ZhengJinhadapprentices,andthecavalrycoverbeganatthebeginningoftheWarringStatesperiod.Therewerechariotsbeforetheceremony.Thebookof"SixSecretTeachings"shouldbefortheweekend."

1972In1988,thebambooslipsunearthedfromtheWesternHanTombinYinqueMountain,Linyi,ShandongProvince,someofthebambooslipsofTaigong'sbookwhosecontentisbasicallythesameasthatofthecurrent"SixTaoist"areconsideredtobe"SixTaoist".Thereare14groupsinYinqueshan'sSixSecretTeachings,whichcanbedividedinto3categories.Groups1-7belongtothefirstcategory.Thosewhoareseeninthebiographyof"SixTaoism","WenTao"4groups,and"WuTao"3groups.Groups8-13belongtothesecondcategory,allofwhichhavebeenquotedbybookssuchas"QunshuZhiyao","Tongdian",and"TaipingYulan".The14groupsbelongtothethirdcategory,whicharescatteredandfragmentedbambooslips.Thesimplifiedstylesandfontsaresimilartothoseofthefirstandsecondcategories.ThesimpletextalsomentionstheKingofWenorTaigongwang,andaccordinglybelongstothesimplifiedversionof"SixTaoist".

In1973,intheWesternHanDynastytombatBajiaolangNo.40,DingxianCounty,Hebei,itwasalsofoundthatmanybambooslipshadthewordsWenwang,Wuwangwen,Taigongsaid,whichmaybethesameorsimilartothecontentofthecurrent"SixTaoist".Inparticular,thefontoftheshorttextisdifferentfromothershorttexts,andthestyleisinferiortotheothertypesofshorttexts,soitiseasytodistinguish.TheseJanewerecalled"Taigong"intheearlydays,andlaternamed"SixSecretTeachings"."CulturalRelics"publishedinthefifthissueof2001theinterpretationofthisbatchofbriefs.Thereare144bambooslipsidentifiedasbelongingtothe"SixTaoist"intheDingzhouHanBambooSlipsbasedonthesimplifiedform,content,andfontsofthebambooslips,withatotalof1402characters.Atotalof13titleshavebeenfoundinthesimplifiedessay"SixTao".

ThetwoHantombsinYinqueshanareestimatedfromtheunearthedcoinsandthe"YuanguangFirstYearCalendar"unearthedfromTombNo.2.TheburialdateofTombNo.1isbetween140and118BC.Duringtheperiod,tombNo.2wasburiedbetween134and118yearsago.ThecopyingdateofthebambooslipsofYinqueshanHantombshouldbeearlierthanthetomb.Yinqueshanbambooslipsbelongtotheearlyofficialscript,andtheywerewrittenintheearlydaysofEmperorWuintheWesternHanDynasty.ThetombofHanDynastyNo.40atBajiaoGalleryinDingzhou,theownerofthetombisthekingofZhongshanHuaiLiuXiu,whodiedin55BC,thewritingdateofDingzhouBambooSlips"SixTaoist"mustbeearlierthanthistime.YinqueshanandDingzhouJianalsoshowedthat"SixTaoist"waswidelyspreadintheearlyyearsoftheWesternHanDynasty,andofcourseitwaswrittenearlier.Yinqueshan's"SixTaoist"textsdonotavoidthetaboooftheHanemperor,suchasthecharacter"bang"oftheemperoroftheHanDynastyLiuBang,thecharacter"heng"oftheHanwenemperorLiuHeng,etc.TheDingzhouBambooSlips"SixTaoist"donotavoidtheHanemperorLiuHeng's"Heng"characteralsoprovesthatthewritingageof"SixTaoist"predatestheHanDynasty.

DingzhouBambooSlips"SixSecretTeachings"mentionedtheemperor"WangLiang".WangLiangwasthegoodhorsemanoftheJincountryintheSpringandAutumnPeriod.Itismentionedin"ItshouldbebeforetheearlySpringandAutumnPeriod.

TaoXianoncecommentedon"HanShu·YiWenZhi":"Provincie"YiYin","Taigong","GuanZi","SunQingzi","Heguanzi","SuZi","Kuitong",""LuJia"""LuJia"a"HuainanKing"jsou 259"důležitýchartikulů ""Yiyin",allofwhichareincludedinConfucianism,Taoism,verticalandhorizontal,andhybridschools.Thestrategist,re-enterhere,gotatotaloftwohundredandfifty-ninearticles."Theauthorsaidinthepast:Therewerenosoldiersinthepre-QinDynasty.DuringtheWarringStatesPeriod,warwasthesubjectofvariousnationalpoliticalideologies.Confucianism,Taoism,andMohismallhadtheirownmilitarybooks."SixSecretTeachings"or"TaigongArtofWar"wereundoubtedlythepartof"Taigong ".Dílo"Taigong"je otázka a odpověď mezi KingWen,KingWuaTaigong.TaigongLuwang byl vojenským velitelem Zhoupeople's Wark ničil obchodníky a byl zprovozněn v QiState.Proto práce"Taigong"pocházela z "Quisated Statework"Taigong."

Inthe"GoldenChamber"and"TheInscriptionoftheGoldenMan",TaiGongLuWangalsoquotedHuangDiassayingthatMr.LiLingbelievedthattheYellowEmperor'sbooks"aremainlypracticalbooksfocusingonmathematicsandprescriptions,andThebranchofthescienceofmathematicsinmilitaryscienceisBingYinandYang;itismainlyfoundinthephilosophersofYinandYang,Taoism,andtheirnovelmiscellaneousnotes."Therearemathematicsbookssuchas"TheYellowEmperorandChiyou"and"HuangdiSuNu"inthebookofHuangdi."Question"andothertechnicalbooks,"TheTaigongConspiracy"and"TheTaigong'sGoldenChamber"aretheconspiracybooksoffamouspeopleongoverningthecountryandusingsoldiers.

Stručně řečeno, „Taigongova zlatá komnata“, „Taigongovo spiknutí“, „Taigongovo umění války“ nebo „Šest tajných učení“ jsou všechny obsahy „Taigong“ a „Taigong“ je dílem Období Válčících států.

Katalog knih

"Šest tajných učení" má název Wen, Wu, Drak, Tygr, Leopard, Pes, každý jeden svazek, s celkem šedesáti jedna, téměř dvaceti tisíci postavami.

Volume One

"WenTao" se dělí na "Mistr psaní", "Yingxu", "Státní záležitosti", "Velký ceremoniál", "MingFu","SixShou", "ShouTu" a "ShouGuo"Dvanáct kapitol "ShangXian", "Pěstování Punishmentu","Odměna a "především diskutovat o tom, jak obohatit sílu země před bojem a připravit se na teplo materiálně a duchovně. Například musíme nejprve obohatit zemi a posílit lidi interně a vychovat a vyškolit lidi tak, aby se spojili v jednom srdci a aby se drželi stejného nepřítele, navenek jsme

Svazek2

"WuTao"isdividedintofivechapters:"Faqi","Wenqi","Wenfa","Shunqi"and"ThreeDoubts"."Bingdao"islistedbefore"ThreeDoubts".Thisvolumemainlydiscussesthestrategyofgainingpowerandfightingagainsttheenemy,emphasizingthatyoumustknowthesituationoftheenemyandourselvesbeforefighting,makecomparisons,anduseyourownstrengthstoovercometheenemy'sshortcomingsinordertowin.

VolumeTree

"LongTao" obsahuje "WangYi", "Ongenerálové", "Vybraní generálové", "Hlavní generálové", "Generálové", "Lijun", "Symboly Yin" a "Třináct kapitol YinShu", "Vojenská síla", "Úžasní vojáci", "Pentagramy", "Expedice Bing" a „Zemědělské nástroje“ pojednávají hlavně o vojenském velení a nasazení vojáků. Určete, jak zadávat objednávky a sdělovat informace. Rovněž upozorňuje na to, že pozornost by měla být vyplácena ve správný čas a místo, zbraně a vybavení a zásoby materiálu.

Čtvrtý svazek

"TigerTao" se dělí na "Vojenské", "Tři pole", "Boj", "MustOut", "Vojenská strategie", "Nesmrtelný", "Dynamický" a "Golden" "Dvanáct kapitol "Drum", "DefiniteWay", "Liedi","FireHighting ", a "Leixu" hlavně prodiskutujte taktiku a další problémy, kterým by měla být věnována pozornost v rámci operací v celé oblasti.

Svazek Pět

"Leopard Tao"se dělí na "LinZhan", "SuddenBattle",,"BangQiang","EnemyWu","MountainSoldier","ZeSoldier"a"Malí lidé"Osm kapitol "Rozdělení rizik"diskutuje hlavně o taktice ao dalších problémech v různých úrovních.

Svazek VI

"CanineTao"se dělí na "DivisionandCombination","WuFeng","Praktik", "Učení Válka", "Sumi vojáci","Warrior","Warrior"Desetkapitol jako"WarCavalry","Chariot"a"Bitvavybranékroky"typu vojáčků,které mohou diskutovat hlavně o tom,jakýproblém

Historický význam

"SixSecretTeachings"isaworkofpre-Qinmilitarythoughts.Thebasictheoryandcategoryof"SixSecrets"advocatesthattheweakisbetterthanthestrongandthesecretisnotrevealed.HeJingxuanmo,etc.,whilealsoquotingthebookofthe"YellowEmperor",throughtheformofdialoguebetweenKingWen,KingWuandLuWang,discussingtheoriesandprinciplesofgoverningthecountry,governingthearmy,andguidingwar,whichhasagreatinfluenceonthemilitarythinkingoffuturegenerations.,Isknownastheancestorofmilitarystrategists.

SimaQian’s"Historické záznamy·TheFamilyofQiTaigong"stated:"ThewordsandwarsoflatergenerationsandthepoweroftheyinoftheZhouDynasty.Alltheemperorsarethemasters."DuringtheYuanfengreignofShenzongoftheNorthernSongDynasty,"SixTaoist"waslistedas"OneoftheSevenBooksofWujing,amust-readbookformartialarts."SixSecretTeachings"wasintroducedtoJapaninthe16thcenturyandEuropeinthe18thcentury.IthasnowbeentranslatedintoJapanese,French,Korean,Vietnamese,English,Russianandotherlanguages.

Historická hodnota

"SixTaoist" se dělí na "WenTao", "WuTao", "LongTao", "TigerTao", "LeopardTao" a "DogTao". Jeden způsob vyjádření je: "LongTao", "TigerTao","FengTao",,"WolfTao","LeopardTao"a "DogTao"soitiscalled"SixTao")."SixSecretTeachings"isaworkofpre-Qinmilitarythought."SixSecretTeachings"discussestheoriesandprinciplesofgoverningthecountry,governingthearmyandguidingwarthroughthedialoguebetweenKingWen,WangWuandLuWang,andmilitarythoughtsforfuturegenerations.Ithasagreatinfluenceandisknownastheancestorofmilitarystrategists.SimaQian's"Historické záznamy·FamilyofEmperorQiTaigong"stated:"ThewordsofthelatergenerationsandthepowerofYinandthepoweroftheZhou.Alltheemperorsarethemasters."DuringtheYuanfengreignofShenzongoftheNorthernSongDynasty,"SixTaoist"waslistedasoneofthe" Sedm knih Wujing", kniha, která se musí číst od uměleckých umění."SixSecret Teachings" bylo představeno v Japonsku v 16. století a Evropě v 18. století. Nyní bylo přeloženo do japonštiny, francouzštiny, korejštiny, vietnamštiny, angličtiny, ruštiny a dalších jazyků.

Theexistingbook"SixSecretTeachings"isofcoursecontroversial.Somepeoplethinkitisamilitarybook,arealbook,andsomepeoplethinkitisafakebook.Thiscanbeignoredforthetimebeing.LetuslookathowZhangTaiyanhimselfunderstandsthenatureof"GoldenEdition"and"SixSecretTeachings".ZhangTaiyanbelievesthat"GoldenEdition"and"SixSecretTeachings"arethetitlesof"Shoushu",notthebookofwar.Hequotedthewordsin"Zhuangzi·XuWugui"in"XinShu·DingLi" :"Studium žen obchodníků WeiJunya, Hengsaid, že jsou založeny na "Básních", "Knihách", ArsenicMountains a "Les". Se "Zlatou Verzí" a "Šestím Tajným Učením" v další kapitole této pasáže, řekl: "Vix" a "Golden" Navíc, tituly „Golden Edition“ a „Six Taoist“ nejsou vynálezem ZhangTaimoxibustion, protože již dříve, když „LüShiChunQiu“ existuje záznam „Taigong“, kterému se říká „Kniha Zhou“. Podle dalších záznamů ChaoGongwuových „Záznamů o čtení“, z dynastie Song, „Six Taoism“ a „SunTzu“ byly použity jako Sedm knih Wuxue v Yuanfeng.

Vliv pozdějších generací

"SixTaoists"hasasignificantinfluenceonfuturegenerations,ZhangLiang,LiuBei,ZhugeLiang,SunQuanTheyallattachimportancetothe"SixSecretTeachings",whichismentionedmanytimesin"LiWeigongQuestionsandAnswers".Afterthe"TongDian",theTangDynastyalsoquoteditmoreinbooksonsoldiers.Song,MingandQing'sannotationsandcollectionsof"SixSecretTeachings"Thereisnoshortageofpeoplewhoareinterpreters,andthebookhasahighstatusinthehistoryofChinesemilitaryacademics.

"SixSecretTeachings"ishighlyvaluedabroad.AshikagaSchoolintheWarringStatesPeriodofJapan(trainingmilitaryadvisors)Theschooloncedesignated"SixSecretTeachings"and"SanLue"asthemaintextbooksoftheschool.Accordingtotherelevantbibliography,therearemorethan30kindsofbookstranslatedandinterpreted"SixSecretTeachings"inJapan.ThefirsttranslationofChinesemilitarybooksintheWestTherearefourtypes,collectivelycalled"ChineseMilitaryArt",whichwaspublishedinParis,Francein1772."SixSecretTeachings"isoneofthem.Inaddition,neighboringcountriessuchasNorthKoreaandVietnamhavealsosuccessivelypublishedandtranslated"SixSecretTeachings".

"SixTao"isoneofthe"SevenBooksofWujing"issuedintheSongDynasty.Itisamasterpiecefromthepre-Qinwarbooksandhasbeenvaluedbymilitarystrategistsofthepast.IthasbeentranslatedintoXixiaandcirculatedamongethnicminorities.Notonlyisthereacompletesetofcivilandmilitaryweapons,butthepoliticalandmilitarytheoriesareoftenundisclosedbefore,anditalsopreservesawealthofancientmilitaryhistoricalmaterials,suchasestablishment,weapons,andcommunicationmethods.Thebookhasimportanttheoreticalandhistoricalvalue.

Peoplenotonlystudyanduse"SixSecretTeachings",butalsoconductresearchonit.Historically,therearemanypeoplewhohaveannotated,compiledandinterpreted"SixSecretTeachings".Accordingtoincompletestatistics,thistypeofwritingSincetheTangDynasty,therehavebeennearlyahundredspecies,andtherearemorethanfortyspeciesintheMingDynastyalone.Itcanbeseenthattheyhavespreadwidelyandhaveagreatimpact:therearemanyversionsof"SixTaoist"thatexistatpresent,ofwhichthemoreimportantoneistheSongYuanfengperiod.TheSevenBooksoftheWujing,theSevenBooksoftheWujingbytheZhufuSchoolMagazine,theSevenBooksoftheWujingbyHanfenlou,andtheSevenBooksoftheWujingbyHanfenlou.TheSevenBooksoftheDingwuScriptures,thecopyoftheSikuQuanshuduringtheQianlongperiodoftheQingDynasty,thecopyoftheSongDynastycopyofthe"SibuCongkan"oftheCommercialPress,andthebookof"TheCompleteBookofBaizi"byYeShanfang'sstoneprinting,etc.

Vojenské myšlenky

Thecontentof"SixSecretTeachings"isveryextensive,involvingmanyaspectsrelatedtothemilitary,suchastheconceptofwar,armybuilding,strategyandtactics.Amongthem,theexpositionofstrategyandtacticsisthemostexciting.Veryprominent.

Themilitarythoughtsin"SixSecretTeachings"aremorecomplicated.Almosteveryschoolinthepre-QinDynastyhasmilitarythoughtsinthebookreflect.Themostprominentthinginthebookistheideaof​​conspiracy.Atthebeginningof"SixSecretTeachings"itsaid:"Thehusbandfisheatsitsbait,butitistiedtothescorpion,andthemaneatsitslure,butitisservedbythemonarch.Therefore,thefishcanbekilledbythebait.Thefishcanbekilledbythelure.Takethecountrywithyourhome,andthecountrycanbedrawn.Taketheworldwithyourcountry,andtheworldcanbecompleted.”("ScienceofLetters")Thismeansthatwhenamonarchgovernsthepeople,hemustfishlikeafisherman,usingbaittolurepeopleintothebait,andobeythedrive..Tacticscanbemanifestedinmanyaspects:First,"giveitforyou."Itmeansthatifyouwanttotakeit,youmustfirstgowithit."MasterofLetters"said:"Hewhocansharewithothersisbenevolent.Wherebenevolenceis,theworldwillreturntoit...toshareworriesandjoyswithothers,sharegoodandevil,righteousness.Whererighteousnessis,theworldwillgotoit."

"StateAffairs"said:"Thosewhoaregoodforthecountrywillcontrolthepeoplelikeaparent'sbelovedson,likeabrother'sbelovedbrother.Seeingtheirhungerandfamine,theywillfeelsorrow.,Encouragementisliketakingoneself.Thiswayofcaringforthepeopleisalso."Whatisthepurposeofpayingsomuchemotionally,morally,andmaterially,andbenevolentandlovingtoothers?Itmeans"tomaketheLordrespectthepeople"("StateAffairs"),"theonewhodoesnottakefromthepeople,theonewhotakesthepeople"("Faqi ").Second,"toattackastrongonemustfirstgrowstrong."The"ThreeDoubts"said:"Ahusbandmustbestrong,hemustberaisedtomakehimstrong,andhemustbebeneficialtohim.Toostrongmustbebroken,andbigZhangmustbelacking.Attackthestrongtobestrong,toleaverelativestokiss,andtodispersethecrowdtothecrowd."Itissaidthatwhenyouwanttoattackapowerfulenemy,youmaywishtoadoptastrategythatmakestheenemyarrogant.Iftheenemyisarrogant,itwillnaturallybeeasytodealwith.Third,"wenfa".

Thetwelvearticleslistedin"WenFa"belongtoWenFa,nottheconspiracyandtricksofmilitaryattack.Oneistodowhathelikesandmaketheenemyfeelproud;thesecondisto"dividehispowerwithhislove.Onepersonhastwohearts,thecenterisweak,thecourthasnoloyalministers,andthesocietyisindanger";thethirdis"yinandbribery",Theaffectionisverydeep.Outsidethebody,thecountrywillcauseharm";thefourthistousejewelsandbeautiestocorrodeandparalyzetheenemy;thefifthistoprovoketherelationshipbetweentheenemy'sloyalministersandthemonarch;Seventhistogivetheenemyalargeamountofproperty,whichmakeshimdespiseproduction,whichleadstotheaccumulationofemptiness;eightistoformfriendshipwiththeenemycountrytoparalyzetheenemyandmakeitusefulforme;Itisarrogantandself-destructive;eleventhandtwelftharetobuyovertheenemy'sministersandblocktheenemy'seyesandears.Makeheroesandwisemenformyuse,andconfusehismasterwithbeautiesofchaoticministers.Generalmilitarybooksmostlyattachimportancetostrategyandtacticsonthebattlefield,andseldomdiscussconspiracymethods.The"SixSecretTeachings"isthemostprominentoftheconspiracyelaboratedinsuchdetail.

Intermsofstrategyandtactics,"SixSecretTeachings"isunique."TheWayofSoldiers"said:"Thewayofallsoldiersisnomorethanone.Onecangoalone.TheYellowEmperorsaid:'OneisinthewayoftheTao,andafewinthegods.'Theusedependsontheopportunity,themanifestationdependsonthepower.,Successliesintheking."Thismeansthattheprincipleofusingtroopsliesin"one."Theso-called"one"meansthatthepowerofaffairsmustbesingle,theforcesmustbeconcentrated,andtheactionsmustbeunified. Onlyinthiswaycanwemoveindependently,bemobileandflexible,andbefreefromconstraints,andgaintheinitiativeinwar."MilitaryForces"contained:"TheKingWuaskedtheTaigong:'Whatisthewaytoattack?'Taigongsaid:'Theforceistransformedbetweenthetwoformationsduetotheenemy'smovement.Language,theuseofsoldiersdoesnotspeak.Andthosewhodothemost,theirwordsarenotlistening.Thosewhousethesoldiers,theirstatusisuncertain.Thepeoplewhopassby,comesuddenly,andthosewhocandominatealone,thesoldiers.'”EmphasizehereWhatis "kvůli pohybu nepřítele","najednou a náhle přijde mistr",jádro je vysoce lehká pohyblivost a flexibilita, nenechat se omezovat nepřítelem. Pokud dokážete dosáhnout stavu parády, můžete být nepřemožitelní.

"SixSecretTeachings"alsoemphasizedthattheuseofsoldiersshouldbebasedontheopportunity,towinbystrategy,notbyforce."Therefore,thosewhoaregoodatwardonotwaitforZhangJun.Toeliminatepatientswell,reasonisnotborn.Thosewhoaregoodatdefeatingtheenemyarebetterthaninvisible.Fightingandnofighting.Therefore,thebattleisbetterthantheonewhoishand-to-hand,andtheunhealthygeneralisalsotheonewhohaslosttheequipment.It'snotasage.Wisdomisthesameastheothers,butnotthenationaldivision;iftheskillsarethesame,it'snotthenationalengineering.”In"SixSecretTeachings ",thetacticsofthethreetypesofinfantry,chariot,andcavalryarealsodiscussed.."Junbing"pointedoutthestatusanddifferentfunctionsofthechariotandthecavalry:"Thechariotisthewingofthearmy.Therefore,ifyouaretrappedinthearmy,youmust(invitetoattack)thestrongenemyandcoverthenorth(thedefeatedarmy).Cavalry.,Thearmyiswaitingforthemarquis,soitdefeatsthearmy.Thereisnofood,anditisalsotheenemy."Iftheinfantryfightswiththechariotandthecavalry,then"mustfollowthehillsandobstacles.Later, evenmorestops.Althoughtheenemy'sridersarecoming,theywillfightfast,andthetalentwillbestrongtoprepareformyqueen"("Battle").Ifit'sflatgroundfighting,themethodis"makemysoldiersahorseandatribulus;afterdiggingtheground,fivefeetwideanddeep,calledthelifecage.Peopleimprovetheirhorses,stopthechariotasabase,pushforwardandbackward,andstandup.Tun;atalentedpersontoforceacrossbowtostandbymyside.Then,mythreearmiesareallswiftlyfightingandpuzzled.”("WarCavalry ") Koordinovaný boj vozidel, kavalérie a pěchoty a jak použít pěchotu proti mým vozidlům a kavalérii. Podrobná diskuse.

Fortheconstructionofthearmy,"SixSecretTeachings"believesthattheselectionandtrainingofgeneralsshouldfirstbepaidattentionto.Because"thegreatmatterofthecountry,thewayofsurvivalanddeath,isthefateofthegeneral.Thegeneralistheauxiliaryofthecountry,andthefirstkingisalsoimportant."("OntheGenerals")"Thesafetyofthecommunityisthegenerals."("TheGenerals")Therefore,theselectionandinspectionofgeneralsmustbeseriousandmeticulous.Itthinks:"Therewillbefivetalentsandtendeeds....Theso-calledfivetalentsarecourage,wisdom,benevolence,faith,andloyalty....Theso-calledtendeedsincludethosewhoarebraveandlightatdeath,andtherearethosewhoareeagerandfast.Greedyandprofitable,benevolentbutnottolerant,wisebuttimid,faithfulbuthappy,honestbutnotloving,wisebutslow-hearted,fortitudebutself-use,cowardlyandcowardlyThosewholiketoacceptothers.”(OnGenerals)Differentpeoplehavedifferentstrengthsandweaknessesandshouldhaveaclearunderstanding.Italsoproposesvariousmethodsforselectingandinvestigatinggenerals.Itisworthnotingthat"SixSecretTeachings"alsoraisedtheissueofestablishingastaff.

"WingsoftheKing"contains:"TheKingWuaskedtheTaigong:'Thekingandhandsometeachermusthavebrachialwings,sowhatcantheydotobecomeamightygod?'Itwillbefate.Fateisinmastery,notkeepingatrick.Becauseofbeingabletogiveposts,eachadoptswhatandwork,andchangesatanytime,thinkingthatJiGang.Therefore,therewillbeseventy-twopeoplewithbrachiiandwingstorespondtothewayofheaven.Thenumberislikethelaw,Examiningnumerology,extraordinaryskills,andeverythingisdone.”Thismeansthatthemonarchleadsthearmyandmusthaveapowerfulassistant.Thelifeoftheentirearmyisinthehandsofthegeneral,butthegeneral’sresponsibilityistoleadcomprehensivelyandcannotbelimitedtoonepartofit.Therefore,astaffofficecomposedof72peopleshouldbeestablishedandassigneddutiesbasedontheirtalents.Usetheiringenuity.Whatkindofpeoplearetheseseventy-twopeople?Thearrangementof"SixSecretTeachings"isoneperson,fiveadvisors,threeastronomy,threegeography,nineartofwar,fourtongliang,fourFenwei,threeofthem,fourpeople,twogeneralists,andright.Threesergeants,seveneyesandears,fiveminions,fourwingmen,eightwanderers,twowarlocks,threealchemists,twolawcalculations,andsoon.ThisistheearliestinChinesemilitaryhistorytobefoundintheclearlystatedorganizationallawofthestaff,anditisamajorcreationof"SixSecretTeachings".

"SixSecretTeachings"alsosystematicallydiscussedtheautonomyofgenerals."Lijiang"clearlydescribesthespecificritualsofthemonarchswearingtothetemple,givingthegeneralswithaxe,andbeingorderedtomarch,andalsosolemnlydiscussesthegenerals'righttocommandthethreearmiesandactarbitrarily."Thecountrycannotrulefromtheoutside,andthearmycannotrulefromit.Twomindscannotbetheruler,anddoubtscannotrespondtotheenemy...Athinginthearmy,regardlessoftheruler'sorder,willbedeterminedbythegeneral.Ifyoufacetheenemyinadecisivebattle,thereisnotwomind.Therefore,thereisnoheavenabove,nolandbelow,invincibilityinthefront,andnokingintheback.Itisthewiseman'splan,thebravemantofight,thespiritisfierceandtheskyisfast,thesoldiersdonottaketheedge,andtheenemysurrenders..Conquertheoutside,themeritisintheinside.”Thecorehereis“thearmycan’tdefendfromit”and“whathappensinthearmy,ifyoudon’theartheemperor,youwillcomeout”.Themeaningis"willbeoutside,thekingisnotimmune."Thearmycannotbespecificallycommandedbythemonarchinthecentralorganization,butshouldbecompletelycommandedbythegeneralsbasedontheactualsituationonthebattlefield,soastowinthevictory.Ifageneralhasautonomy,hehastheinitiative.Forsoldiersandsoldiers,"SixSecretTeachings"alsoattachesgreatimportancetotheirselectionandtraining.

"ThePractitioner"said:"Therearebravepeopleinthearmywhogathertogethertoformasoldier,calledasoldieroftheblade;thosewhoarestrong,braveandviolent,gatherasasoldier,andthenameiscalledAmanwhohasfallenintotheChen(array);therearestrangelongswordsandthosewhoareinlinewiththemartialarts,gatheredintoapawn,calledthebraveandsharpmen;therearelonghooks,strongbeams,brokengoldendrums,andextinctbannersThosewhogatherasapawnarecalledthemenofbravery;therearethosewhoaremorethanhighandfar,lightandgoodatwalking,whogatherasapawn,andarecalledthesoldiersoftheinvaders;therearethosewholosepowerandwanttoseethemeritsagain,andgatherasapawn.,Thenameisthewarriorofdeath;thechildrenofthosewhohavedeadgeneralswanttoavengetheiravengers,taketheautumnpawn,thenameisthemanwhodarestodie;thosewhohaveson-in-lawwanttoconcealthefamous,gatherasapawn,thenameisEncouragementandbluntpeople;thosewhoarepoorandangryandwanttohavetheirwill,gatherasapawn,andthenameismortal;thosewhoarefreefromsin,whowanttoescapetheirshame,gatherasapawn,andarecalledgreatanduseful;Thosewhohavebothtalentsandskills,whocanbeartheweightandreachfar,gathertogetherasasoldier,andthenameiscalledthepersononstandby."Theemphasishereisontheapplicationandorganizationofthesoldiersaccordingtotheiraptitude.Thetalentsandpersonalitiesofthesoldiersvarygreatly.Ifthesepeopleareorganizedaccordingtocertainprinciples,theycangivefullplaytotheirpotentialandachievevictory.Regardingthemanagementofthearmy,the"SixSecretTeachings"putforwardtheprinciplesofequalemphasisonpunishmentandrewardand"killingthemostexpensiveandrewardingthesmall".

In"Jiangwei",thekingofWuaskedhowtheTaigongcouldbanordersandestablishtheprestigeofthegenerals.Order.Therefore,ifyoukillonepersonandthethreearmiesshakeoff,youwillkillit;ifyourewardonepersonandtenthousandpeoplespeak,youwillrewardit.Killingthebig,rewardingthelittle,killingandbeingavaluableministeristheultimatepunishment;rewardingthecowApersonwhoerectsahorseandwashesastableistorewardthemaster.Thepunishmentistheextreme,andtherewardistheprestige."Killingandrewardingareboththemeansbywhichthegeneralsbuildprestige.Thisisinthe"SunTzuArtofWar"Ithasbeenmentionedin"TheArtofWarbySunBin"andothermilitarybooks,butthe"SixSecretTeachings"istheearliestthatclearlyputforwardtheprincipleof"killingthebigandrewardingthesmall".Theso-called"killingthebigandrewardingthesmall"meanskillingthehigh-rankedtodeterothers,andrewardingthelow-rankedtoinspireothers.Thisisaneffectivemethod.Although"SixSecretTeachings"cannotkeepupwith"SunTzu'sArtofWar"and"SunBin'sArtofWar"onthewhole,italsohasitsownuniquevalue.

Myšlenka na vládnutí země

Thebook"SixSecretTeachings"hasalwaysbeenknownas"largescale,andboththerootsandtheroots".Itscompletesystemandrichcontentarerareinancientmilitarybooks.Someforeignscholarscallit"likeamilitaryencyclopedia."Accordingtolegend,"SixSecretTeachings"waswrittenbyJiangTaigongoftheZhouDynasty.AftertheSongDynasty,manyscholarsconductedtextualresearchandbelievedthat"SixSecrets"wascommissionedbylatergenerationstobemadebyJiangTaigong.Intheearly1970s,bambooslips"SixTaoism"and"Taigong"wereunearthedinYinqueshanHanTombinLinyi,ShandongProvinceandHanTombinDingxianCounty,Hebei,respectively,whichprovedthat"SixTaoism"isindeedapre-Qinwork.SimaQiansaidinthe"Historické záznamy"that"thewordsofthelatergenerationsandtheconspiracyoftheZhouaretheoriginalplanoftheemperor."Thelongestamongthesixclassicmilitarybooks.Itcomprehensivelydiscussesthegovernanceofthecountry,themilitary,andmilitarystrategyintheformofdialoguebetweenKingZhouWen,KingZhouWuandJiangTaigong.Ithasmanyoriginalideasinmanyaspectssuchasmilitarythinking,politicalthinking,andphilosophicalthinking.

ChenJinsongbelievesthatthebook"SixSecretTeachings"isreallyaninsightfulview.Comparingthe"SixSecretTeachings"and"TheArtofWar"ofthesamepre-Qinstrategists,wecanfindthatthestylesofthetwoarecompletelyopposite.Majorstrategicissuesinthemilitaryfield.If"SunTzu'sArtofWar"isaninsurmountabletheoreticalpeakinmilitarystrategy,then"SixSecretTeachings"isaninsurmountabletheoreticalpeakingrandstrategy.

"SixSecretTeachings"requiresthemonarchtobepure-heartedanddiligenttogovernthecountry.Asforwhetherthepeoplewanttodothis,itisnotnecessarilythecase.

"SixSecretTeachings"hasaveryprofoundthoughtofgoverningthecountry.Inasense,"SixSecretTeachings"isnotonlyabookonwar,butalsoapoliticalworkforthestabilityandstabilityofthecountry.

"SixSecretTeachings"describestheidealstateofstategovernance,"allpeoplearerichandhappywithoutthecolorofhungerandcold,andthemonarchislikethesunandthemoon,andthekingislikehisparents."Folklore;groupmusicbecomesstraight,peoplewearittoform;allnationsareunconnected,andeveryoneenjoyswhattheydo;peoplelovethem,andfateiscalledDading.","Theancientsagesgathertogetherforpeople,gathertogetherforthecountry,gathertogetherThecountryistheworld:dividethesagestothinkthattheworldistheworld,andthefateistheDaji."Toachievethisidealstateofrulingthecountry,the"SixSecretTeachings"proposesthat"noonecanseizeyourprestige,becauseitisclear,lettheflowbe.Letitbeethical,andtherebelliouswillneverdoitwithstrength."

Thebasicideaof​​"SixSecretTeachings"isthatsagemonarchsgovernthecountrythroughtheuseofsages,andputforwardasetofConfuciansages.Thestrategicthinkingofstategovernancethatiscomparabletothetheoryofforeignkings,thatis,“theheartinspireswisdom,wisdomtoinspirewealth,wealthtoinspirethepeople,thepeopletoinspirethevirtuous,thevirtuoustoinspire,andthekingoftheworld."Itisnecessarytoacquirewisdombycultivatingpersonaltemperament.,Toobtainwealththroughpersonalwisdom,toobtainthesupportandattachmentofpeoplethroughwealth,toobtaintalentsfromthepeoplewhosupportthemselves,andtoimprovethemselvesthroughtalents.Thisbecomesavirtuouscircle.Whenacertainopportunityisencountered,Actiontogaintheworld."SixSecretTeachings"emphasizestheruleofthecountrybyvirtueandwisdom.InthefiercelycompetitiveSpringandAutumnandWarringStatesperiod,itismorefeasiblethantheConfucianthoughtofgoverningthecountrybyvirtue.

Theprincipleof"SixTaoist"governingthecountry:"Doingnothingbutgoverning""WuTao·Wenqi"WhenthekingWenaskedtheTaigong"Whoisthesaint",heistoofair:"Worryandsound,everythingisHowtoworryaboutthesound,allthingsareelusive.Whatpoliticsdo,don’tknowhowtochange,wherethetimeis,don’tknowhowtochange.Thesaintskeepthisandeverythingischanged,howpooristhere,andthenitwillcomebackandforth.","HusbandworldIfyoudon’tknowyourself,youcanliveforever;ifyoudon’tknowyourself,youcanbeclear."Thesagefollowstheprincipleof"doingnothingbutgoverning",andtheworldisalsoimperceptiblyinfluencedbyit.Therulerofthe"SixSecretTeachings"should"donotuseslaveryasareasontoharmthepeoplewhentheycultivateandweave.Theycuttheirheartsandaspirations,andengageinnothing."Inactionisthebasicprincipletobeobservedbythemonarchy."WenQi"regardswhetherthemonarchcangraspandpromotethepoliticsofinactionasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages."Thesaintsshouldbequiet,thewiseshouldbecorrect,andthefoolcannotbecorrect,sotheyfightwithothers;Worry,people’ssorrowwillleadtoexile.Theupsanddownswillliveinunrest,andthelifewillbeendless,andthefateiscalled“greatloss”.”Itmeansthatthebestsaintsarethosewhousequietandinactionpoliticalthoughttoruletheworld,andthosewhowanttodosomething.Thosewhocanonlycauseturmoilintheworld.

Ingeneral,"SixSecretTeachings"hasawiderangeofcontent,withinsightfultheoreticalanalysisinallaspects,andadeepunderstandingofhumannature.Hebelievesthatpeople"goodvirtuesreturntoprofit"andusethisasgoverningthearmy.ThebasisoftheConfucianismisthatitisnecessarytostartwithbothvirtueandbenefit,andrequiretherulertorestrainhisownselfishdesires,lovethepeopleandnotdisturbthepeople.Inaddition,histhoughtsonemployingpeopleandliterarycriticismarerareinotherpre-Qinmilitarystrategists.AsforhisthoughtsonrulingtheenemyPaymoreattentiontosomedetailsofthewar.

"SixSecretTeachings"thinksverycomprehensively,coversawiderange,attachesgreatimportancetograndstrategy,andputsforwardauniqueliterarycriticismidea,usingliterarycriticismasanimportantauxiliarymeansofforcecompetition.

MilitaryView

"Šest taoistických" zahrnuje "WenTao", "WuTao", "LongTao", "TigerTao", "Leopard Tao" a "DogTao" šest článků, zahrnujících vojenské teorie v mnoha aspektech, jako je například pojetí války, strategie války, vedení boje a velmi intenzivní myšlenky.

Nejprve zdůrazněte Usilování o srdce lidí

In"WenTao",theimportanceofattractingheartsofpeoplehasbeenemphasizedmanytimes,andspecificmethodsofattractingheartsofpeoplehavebeenproposed.Forexample,"Thosewhobenefitfromthesameworldwillgaintheworld,andthosewhoaregoodattheworldlosetheworld",aswellas"lovethepeople","benefitthepeople",and"cultivatingvirtue".AlthoughtheseideaswerecompletelyformedintheSpringandAutumnandWarringStatesera,theirideasTheorigincanbetracedbacktotheWesternZhouDynastyorevenearlierintheShangDynasty.Forexample,ShangTangandYiYinhadvaguelyrealizedtheinfluenceofthehumanheartonthewar.ComparingwiththevariouspoliciesandmeasurestakenbyLuShangduringthepreparationandimplementationoftheWarofExterminationofCommerce,itisnotdifficulttoseethattheideaof​​capturingtheheartsofthepeoplein"SixSecretTeachings"isbasicallyconsistentwithLuShang'sthinking.Moreover,ZhouGong,whowasatthesametimeasLuShang,oncesaid:"Thepeoplewantwhatthepeoplewant,andtheskymustfollowit"(Thirty-oneYearsofZuoZhuan·XiangGong"quoted"ThaiOath"),andthemilitarytheorythatcameoutlaterThebooks"MilitaryHistory"and"MilitaryAdministration"alsohave"virtueinvincible"andsoon,whichcanbesaidtobeinthesamelinewithLuShang'sthinking.Itcanbeseenfromthisthatthroughsumminguphistoricalexperienceandcombiningtheneedsofthestruggleagainsttheenemy,asamemberoftheZhouJunzheng,LuShangmayhaverealizedtherelationshipbetweenpopularsupportandthevictoryanddefeatofthewar,sohehasadoptedtherequirementsthatsuittherequirementsofdifferentclasses.Aseriesofmeasurestogainbroadsocialsupportandsupport.However,duetothelimitationsofclassandtime,hisemphasisonwinningtheheartsofthepeopleismainlytostabilizethesocialorderofslavery,easethecontradictionbetweenthepeopleandslavesandslaveowners,inordertobetterachievetheestablishedpoliticalgoals.Forexample,thefirstchapterof"WenTao"bluntlyusedthemetaphoroffishingricetoattractpeople'shearts,thatis,"缗(fishingline-quotient'snote)smallerbium,smallfishfood;silkbaitfragrance,mediumfishfood.;Longbaitisabundant,bigfisheatit.Thehusbandfisheatsitsbait,anditistiedtoit","Ifyoutakethebait,thefishcankill;ifyoutakethelure,thepersoncanexhaust(tryyourbest—attractor'snote)"ItcanbeseenthatLuShang'sfightforpopularsupportisbasedontheprerequisiteofsafeguardingtherulinginterestsofslaveownersandnobles.

Za druhé, obhajujte politický útok a zničte nepřítele

Inthesecondchapterof"SixSecretTeachings","WuTao",thereisachapter"WenFa",theso-called"WenFa"meansThepoliticaloffensivementionedtodayistheoppositeof"armyattack."Thecontentof"WenFa"isdividedintotwelvesections,mainlydiscussinghowtousepoliticaloffensivestodisintegratetheenemy,achieveeffectsthatcannotbeachievedbyarmedcrusades,andcreatefavorableconditionsforarmedcrusades,suchas"becauseoftheirdelight,letthemgo.""Zhi","Knowingwhatheloves","Respectinghimbyname","Suppliedwithpleasure","Raisinghischaoticofficials","Acceptingtheinside,askingtheoutside",and"Bringingthetreasure"andsoon.AlthoughmostofthesecontentsarepopularthoughtsduringtheWarringStatesperiod,intermsoftheiroriginalthoughts,theyareconsistentwiththethoughtsreflectedinthevariousmeasurestakenbyLuShangfutoparalyzethekinganddivideanddisintegratethebusinessrulinggroup.Itcanbesaidthatthethoughtin"WenFa"istherecordandelucidationofLuShang'sthought.ItcanbeseenthatLuShanghasrealizedtherelationshipbetweenmilitaryandpolitics,thatis,inordertowinthewar,onemustnotrelyonmilitaryoffensiveblindly,butmustalsobegoodatcarryingoutpoliticaloffensives.Onlybycloselycombiningthetwocanthegoalofwarbeachievedsmoothly.Ofcourse,LuShang’sthoughtsinthisareaarestillverysuperficial,andhavenotyetbeensystematicallydeepened.Itcanonlybeconsideredthatsomeoftheideasin"WenFa"arealreadypossessedbyLuShang.

Za třetí, jak civilní, tak vojenská, nejprve strategie

"SixSecretTeachings·WuTao·Faqi"said:"Totalvictorywithoutfighting,soldierswithoutinvasiveness","Greatwisdomisnotwise,Tacticalandunplanned"meansthatwaristowinbywisdom,toobtainthegreatestvictoryattheleastcost,andtowinbywisdom.Smartpeopleusewisdomintheinvisibletomakepeopleinvisible,andusestrategybeforefighting,sothatpeoplecannotperceivetheirintentions.Inthe"ThreeDoubts"chapter,itisproposedthatto"attackstrong,divorce,anddispersethecrowd",itisnecessaryto"becautiousandplanforit".Theenemy'sintentionsareactuallysecretlyusingstrategies.Inaddition,inthechapter"TheWayofWar",itissaid:"Thewaytousetroopsliesintheopportunity,andthemanifestationliesinthesituation."Theillusionofbluntnessontheinsidetoconfusetheenemy.TheabovestatementandLuShangdidnotimmediatelylaunchadecisiveoffensiveduetotherapiddevelopmentofhisownpowerinthebattleofdestroyingthecommerce.Fromthebeginningtotheend,hedidnotforgettousewisdomtoweakentheenemyandstrengthenhimself.WhentheShangDynastyfellapart,hedidnotmisstheopportunitytolaunchanoffensiveandotherpoliticsThemilitarymeasuresareroughlythesame.Thissufficestoshowthatthetheorythatemphasizesstrategytowinin"SixSecretTeachings"isactuallyderivedfromLuShang'smilitarythoughtandistheinheritanceanddevelopmentofLuShang'sstrategythought.

Vztah se Sanlue

PeopleusuallyregardtheSixTaoistandtheSanlueasawhole.Infact,theyarenotwrittenbythesameauthor.Itiseasytoconfuseitifyoudon’tknowit.

ThereareseveraltheoriesaboutthewritingtimeofLiutao,buttheyaregenerallybelievedtobeintheSpringandAutumnPeriodandtheWarringStatesPeriod.Itisgenerallyacceptedthatthebook"SixTaoist"hasdistinctiveQiculturalcharacteristics,andthereignofKingQiWei(357-320BC)basicallycoincideswiththereignofKingZhouXian.Atthattime,JixiainLinzi,thecapitalofQiStateIntheacademy,alargenumberofscholarsgathered,manyofthemhadtheknowledgeandabilitytowritemilitarybooks.Therefore,theauthorbelievesthat"SixSecretTeachings"wasmadeintheQistateinthemiddleandlateWarringStatesperiod.

ThewritingtimeofSanlueisroughlytheendofQinandthebeginningofHan.Sincethemeaning,wording,andsyntaxof"Sanlue"arenotancient,andthestyleoftheessayswritteninthelateYinandearlyZhouDynastiesisquitedifferent,itcanbeseenthatitwaswrittenlater,butneverlaterthantheQinDynasty.Inthelastyearsofthedynasty,becausetherewasamentionofthebook"SanlueofHuangshiGong"inthe"BookoftheLaterHan",thesecanbesaidtobeevidenceofthefirststatement.TheunreliableevidenceforthethirdclaimisthattheedictofEmperorGuangwuintheearlyEasternHanDynastyquotedalargesectionof"HuangshiGongji",exceptforafewwordsthatareslightlydifferentfromthecurrentversionof"Sanlue",therestareidentical.

Sothebook ZhangLiang přijata pravděpodobně není „SixSecret Teachings“ nebo „TaigongArtofWar“, spíše se jedná o „HuangshiGongovy tři strategie“.

Diferencované edice

Historické edice

Althoughthetitleof"SixSecretTeachings"waswrittenbyLuWang,itwasactuallyregardedasabookinthemiddleandlateWarringStatesperiod,butitsreflectionisnotexcludedSomeofLuShang’smilitarythoughts.Thetrueauthorisnolongeravailable.Thesourceoftheeditionsof"SixSecretTeachings"ismorecomplicated,andthecontentsofeacheditionhavesimilaritiesanddifferences.Judgingfromtheexistingtexts,thereareroughlythefollowingfoursystems:

(1)Bambooslips,namelythe"SixTaoist"remnantsfromtheYinqueshanHantombinLinyi,Shandongandthe"Thisistheearliestsurvivingversion.Theformerhasbeensortedout,andthereisaprintedcopyoftheCulturalRelicsPublishingHouse.

(2) Rukopis dynastie Tang, který je fragmentem „Six Taoist“ v rukopisu Dunhuang Tang, koexistuje ve 201 řádcích (jeden řádek obsahuje pouze slovo „halfaword) a ve 20 článcích.

(3)The"GroupBookManagementEssentials"isasummarycompiledbyTangWeiweiforTangTaizong.ItonlycontainsthecontentsofWenTao,WuTao,LongTao,HuTao,andDogTao.Subheadingsarenotlisted.LeopardTaohasnotbeencollected.Theabovethreesystemshavepreservedsomechivalrousarticlesorchivalrousarticlesthatarenotseeninthepresenteditiontovaryingdegrees.

(4)The"SevenBooksofWujing",firstinscribedinthesecondyearofYuanfengintheNorthernSongDynasty(1079),andthepublicationsofXiaozongandGuangzongoftheSouthernSongDynastyarenowinexistence.ItisinthecollectionofJingjiatangLibraryinJapan.Theearliestpublication,aphotocopyofitinChina,isthe"ContinuedAncientYiSeries".SincetheMingandQingDynasties,manygeneralbooksandtheiressaysandwhitetextsbelongtotheversionofthissystem.

Thecontentsof"SixTaoist"werefirstrecordedin"HanZhi"as"Eighty-FiveChaptersofBing".Thecurrenteditionisthe"SixTaoist"editionof"WuJing"deletedintheSongDynasty.Thereare60articles.Thereare25differencesbetweenthetwo.ThetitlesandcontentsofthetwoChinesesimplifiedmanuscriptsandthefragmentsoftheTangmanuscriptsthatcanbeseentodayareboththesameasthepresentone,butalsodifferent.Differenttopics,suchas"ZaoQi"intheChineseBambooSlips,"TheSixthWayofGoverningtheCountry","RiteandRighteousnessastheCountry'sTenth" ,"TheTwentiethState-ownedEightBans",and"Liren"intheTangManuscript,"TrendShe","RitualandRighteousness","GreatLoss","DynamicResponse",etc.Thecontentofthesechaptersthataredifferentfromthepresentoneshouldbe15otherthanthe60ones,ortheywerelostintheprocessofspreading,ordeletedwhentheSongcourtissuedthe"WuJing".Thecurrent"SixSecretTeachings"hassixvolumesandsixtychapters.

Existingedition

TheincompletecopyofthebambooslipsfromYinqueshanHantombinLinyi,Shandong,1972.

In1973,thebambooslipsofthetomboftheHantombintheBajiaolang,DingxianCounty,HebeiProvince.

Zbytky posmrtných knih Dunhuang.

Shrnutí "Základy správy skupinových knih".

"SikuQuanshu"edition.

"Pokračování série Guyi"Shadowsong"SevenBooksofWujing".

V roce 1935 bylo „Sedm knih Wujing“ vyřezáno společností ZhonghuaXueyi.

PhotocopyofLiuYin's"StraightExplanationoftheSevenBooksofWujing"fromtheDingFamily'sEightThousandVolumesCollection

Historické záznamy

SummaryRecordsofFourDatabases

"SixSecretTeachings"·SixVolumes(TongXingVersion)

TheoldtitleiswrittenbyZhouLuWang.Examinationof"Zhuangzi·XuWuguiPian",calledtheGoldenVersionofSixSecretTeachings."ClassicInterpretation"says:SimaBiao,CuiZhuanyun,thegoldedition,andthesixTaoismsarethetitlesofZhouShu,andthisisalsocalled"SixTaoism".Itiscalled"SixSecretTeachingsoftheSupremeMaster","Wen","Wu","Dragon","Tiger", "Leopard" a "Pes".

(Case:ThiseditionusesWenwuDragonTigerLeopardDogasthesecond,whichisdifferentfromLuDeming'snote.Itisnotspecifiedwhichis,Iwouldliketoattachhere.)AtthebeginningoftheWarringStatesperiod,theoriginalnamewasoriginally.However,Ithoughtthat"TheSixSecretTeachingsoftheSupremeMaster"wasunknown."Hanshu·ArtandLiteratureHistory·MilitaryPhilosophy"isnotrecorded,butConfucianismhassixchapters"SixTaoist"inZhouhistory.BanGusaidfromhisownnote:BetweenHuiandXiang,orConfuciusWenYan.Then"SixSecretTeachings "isnotabook.YanShigu'scommentisbasedonthecurrent"SixSecretTeachings".Isn'titalsoimplicatedbyLuDeming?"ThreeKingdoms:AnnotationtotheFirstMaster'sBiography",wasoriginallycalledthe"SixTaoist"and"ShangJunshu",whichisbeneficialtopeople'swill."SuiZhi"firstcontainedfivevolumesof"TheTaigongSixSecretTeachings",withanotesaying,Liangsixvolumes,writtenbyJiangWang,thekingofZhouWen .TangandSongZhuzhiareallduetothis.Examininghistexttoday,itisprobablythemeaningofthewordsissimilar,notlikeanancientbook.Inthemiddle,suchasavoidingthemainhallisamatteraftertheWarringStatesperiod.Theword"General"firstappearedin"ZuoZhuan",andtherewasnosuchnameatthebeginningofZhouDynasty.(Case:WhenYuandShunwereinthe"HistoryoftheRoad",BoyiwasthelanguageofGeneralBaichong.Miscellaneousrelianceonit,butnotenoughevidence.)Thetraceofitsrelianceisblazingandverifiable.

InLongtao,thereareYinFuchapters:themasterandthegeneralshaveYinFuFanba,etc.,thetalismanfordefeatingtheenemyisonefootlong,thetalismanforbreakingthearmyisnineincheslong,andthetalismanfordefeatisthreeincheslong.Stop.TheauthorofthefalsecoverdidnotknowthemeaningoftheYinFu,andmistakenlythoughtthattheFuJieFu,andthenwhitewashedittosaythis,especiallycontemptible.AlmostnottheoldversionofHanDynasty.Therefore,"Zhou'sShebi"saidthathisbookwasrelatedtoWuQiandhiswordswerefishingandhunting.However,theaffixationwasbasedonmodernmilitaryandpoliticaltalks,anditwasimpossibletorefute.HuYinglin's"BiCong"alsosaidthathisliterarydynasty,YinShuandotherarticlesweredismissedbySun, Wu,andWeiLiao.However,ChaoGongwu's"ReadingHistory"saidthatYuanFengzhongused"SixSecretTeachings","SunTzu","WuZi","SimaFa","HuangshiGongSanlue","WeiLiaoZi"and"LiWeiGongQuestions"toawardmartialarts,numbering.Saidthesevenbooks.Ithasbeenhereforalongtime,andthefamilyofsoldiersisalwayscommensurate.Itisstillrecordedtoday, ale je to stejné.

Výňatek z obsahu

One."SixTaoist·WenTao·YingxuNo.2"

WenWangasked Taigong, "Svět je Xixi, jeden přebytek a jedna prázdnota, jeden lék a jeden chaos, sowhy? Vládci a ctnostní si nejsou rovni? Čas se přirozeně mění?"

Praděd řekl: "Pokud to není mladý muž, země je v nebezpečí a lidé jsou v chaosu; Tianshi."

WenWangsaid: "Cantheancientsageshear?"

Taigongové řekli: "Bývalý císař Yao je králem světa a takzvaným mudrcem minulosti."

WenWangsid: "Jak je to s jeho správou?"

TheTaigongsaid:"WhenEmperorYaoandKingYaowereintheworld,gold,silver,pearlsandjadewerenotdecorated,beautifulandbeautiful,undressed,strangeandrare.Ignore,playgoodtoolsarenottreasures,donotlistentothepleasuresofobscenity,miyagakihousesarenotchalky,攍楷楹楹arenottucked,andmaoziisnotcutinthecourtyard.Thesoupofquinoaisnotmadebylabor.

Therefore,itisharmfultothepeople'sachievements.Cuttheheartandmakeacommitmenttodonothing.Theloyalandhonestpeoplerespecttheirposition,andthosewhoarehonestandloversaregenerous.Peoplewhohavefilialpietyloveandrespect,andthosewhodotheirbesttocultivatemulberrywillcomfortandencouragethem.Theywillnotbegentle,showtheirdoors,befairandhonest,andbanevilandhypocrisybylaw.Thosewhohate,meritwillberewarded;thosewholove,sinmustbepunished.Keepingthewidowsandwidowsandlonelinessintheworld,vibratingthehomeofdisasterandperishing.Hisownperformanceisalsoverythin,andhistaxesanddutiesareveryfew.Therefore,thepeoplearerichandhappywithoutthecolorofhungerandcold.Thepeoplewearhismonarchlikethesunandthemoon,andkisshismonarchlikehisparents."

WenWangs řekl: "Skvělé! Ctnost ctnostného monarchy."

Za druhé."Sixtaoismus·WenTao·NationalAffairsThird"

The Kingof Wenasedthe Taigong: "Chtěl bych slyšet hlavní úkol země, a pokud chcete, aby Pán respektoval lidi, co mohu udělat?"

Taigong řekl: "Je to jen milovat lidi."

WenWang řekl: "Jak mohu milovat lidi?"

Nezabíjej, nevyužívej výhod, šťastný a nezatrpklý, šťastný a nezlob se."

WenWangs řekl: "Dareto vysvětlit proč."

TheTaigongsaid:"PeoplearenotIfyoufailinyourduties,youwillgainbenefits,ifyoudonotlosetime,youwillsucceedinfarming.Ifyousavepunishment,youwillbeborn.Ifyouhaveasmallamountofmoney,youwillenjoyit.Ifthefarmerlosesthetime,hewillbedefeated,ifheisnotguilty,hewillbepunished.Thepeoplearelikethebelovedsonofaparent,likeabrother'sbelovedyoungerbrother,youwillbeworriedwhenyouseehimhungryandcold,youwillbesadwhenyouseehimlabor,rewardsandpunishmentsarelikeaddingtoone'sbody,andrewardingisliketakingpossessions.Thisisalsothewaytolovethepeople."

Související příběhy

WhenZhangLiangwashidinginXiapi(nownorthofSuining,JiangsuProvince),heoncewalkedcasuallyonthebridgeinXiapiandmetanoldmaninashortcoat.HewalkedinfrontofZhangLiang,deliberatelydroppedhisshoesunderthebridge,andsaidtoZhangLiang,"Ruzi,getyourshoesoff!"("Historické záznamy·LiuhouFamily")ZhangLiangwassurprisedandwantedtobeathimupbecausehesawhimWhenhewasold,hebarelyheldbackhisbreathandpickeduphisshoes.Theoldmansaid:"Followme!"ZhangLiangwasevenmoreangry,butthinkingthathehadpickeduptheshoes,hekneltdownandputthemonhim.Theoldmantookittohisfeetandleftwithasmile.Aftertheseparation,ZhangLiangwasparticularlysurprised, watchinghimastheoldmanwent.Theoldmanleftaboutonemileawayfromthescene,returned,andsaid:"Youcanteachyou.Thenextfivedays,youwillmeetwithme."("Historické záznamy·LiuhouFamily")ZhangLiangwasamazedandkneltdownandagreedinadaze."Yes".Atthedawnoffivedayslater,ZhangLiangleft.Theoldmanwasalreadytherefirst,andsaidangrily:"Whatabouttheoldage?"Thenheleft,andsaid:"Wewillmeetinthemorningonthenextfivedays."( "Historické záznamy·LiuhouFamily")Fivemoredayspassed,Assoonastheroostercrowed,ZhangLiangwentthere.Theoldmanwasthereagainandsaidangrily:"Later,why?"Askedhimwhenheleft:"Comebackearlyinthenextfivedays."("Historické záznamy:TheFamilyofLiuhou")Afterfivedays,ZhangLiangwenttherelessthanmidnight.Afterawhile,theoldmanalsocameandsaidhappily:"Itshouldbeso."Thenhetookoutabookandsaid:"Readingthisisthemasteroftheking. "Xingtenyearslater.Inthethirteenthyear,RuzisawmeinJibei,andHuangshiundertheGuchengMountainwasme."("Historické záznamy:TheFamilyofLiuhou")soheleftwithoutsayingaword.Sincethen,ZhangLianghasneverseentheoldmanagain.Afterdawn,hereadthebook,"TheArtofWaroftheTaigong",becauseZhangLiangfeltitwasunusual.,Ioftenreadit.Thirteenyearslater,ZhangLiangfollowedGaodithroughJibei,andhereceivedtheHuangshiundertheGuchengMountainasatreasure.AfterZhangLiang'sdeath,hewasburiedwithHuangshi.

Ruzicanteach

ThosewhostayedinZhangliangwerethefirstKoreans.LiangchangwalkedcalmlyonXiapiao,andtherewasanoldfather,whowasinbrownclothes,wenttoLiangsho,andfellstraightintohisshoes.Next,GuWeiliangsaid:"Ruzi,getyourshoesdown!Liangwasstunned,eagerforEurope,forhiselders,forbearance,andfetchshoes.Fathersaid:"Followme!"Liangyeistofetchshoes,becauseoflongkneelingshoes.Fathertakeshisfeetandlaughsandleaves.Liangshuisshocked,followhiseyes.Fathergoestotheinnerplaceandreturns,andsaid :"Russcanteachyou.Inthenextfivedays,hewillmeetwithme."LiangYinisstrange,kneelingandsaying:"No."Onthe5th,itisclearandgood.Thefatherisalreadythere,andhesaidangrily:"Whenyouareintheoldage,whynot?""Go,"said:"Wewillmeetinthemorningfivedayslater."Thecockcrowedonthe5th,andwentwell.Fathercamefirstagain,andsaidinangeragain:" Later,why?"Go,andsay:"Comebackearlyinthenextfivedays.""Onthe5th,thegoodnightisnothalfwaythere.Afterawhile,myfatherwillcome,andherejoicesandsaid:"Asitis."Publishedabook,said:"Readingthisisthemasteroftheking.Inthenexttenyears,whentheRuzisawmeinJibeiinthe13thyear,HuangshiundertheGuchengMountainwasme."ThenIwent,withoutsayinganything,andnolongersee.Danriregardshisbookas" The Artof Warof the Taigong". Kvůli různým důvodům se často učím číst. - Výňatek z "Historických záznamů · LiuhouFamily"