Podrobné vysvětlení
Theoppositeof"dualism".Aphilosophicaldoctrinethatclaimsthatthereisonlyonesourceoftheworld.
Existuje materialistický monismus a idealistický monismus.
Themonismofmaterialismaffirmsthattheoriginoftheworldismatter,andthemonismofidealismaffirmsthattheoriginoftheworldisspirit(energy).FromE.H.Haeckel,"MonismastheLinkbetweenReligionandScience."
Tento termín vytvořil německý filozof Wolff.
Aphilosophicaldoctrinethatsummarizesallthingsintheworldasakindoforigin.Theterm"monism"wascoinedbyGermanmathematician,physicist,andidealistphilosopherC.Wolfinthe18thcentury.Attheendofthe19thcentury,GermanzoologistandphilosopherE.H.Haeckelbegantouseitasaphilosophicalterm.Hecalledtheworldviewbasedontheprincipleofspeciespreservationandthetheoryofevolutionasmonism,andauthoredthebook"MonismastheLinkbetweenReligionandScience"andfoundedthe"MonistAssociation."
Klasifikace monismu
Therearetwomajorcategoriesofmonism:materialistmonismandidealistmonism.
Materialismus
Thematerialistmonismholdsthattheoriginoftheworldismatter,andadvocatesthatmatteristheprimaryandenergy(spirit)issecondary.Marxistphilosophybelievesthatinthemonismofmaterialism,onlythemonismofmaterialistdialecticscanscientificallydemonstrateandcomprehensivelyimplementtheviewthatmatteristheoriginoftheworld;whoeveraffirmsthattheoriginofallthingsintheworldismatterandadvocatesthatmatteristhefirst.,Thespiritissecondary,whichbelongstothematerialisticmonism.
Idealismus
Idealismusbelievesthatthesourceofeverythingintheworldisenergy,andadvocatesthatenergyistheprimaryandmaterialissecondary.Forexample,theoriginoftheuniverseistheBigBang,andthefamousexperimentalquantummechanicsexperimentSchrödinger’scatprovidesevidenceforthistheory.Anyonewhobelievesthatthesourceofeverythingintheworldisenergyandadvocatesthatenergyistheprimaryandmaterialsecondaryisidealisticmonism.
Teoretické rozšíření
Lékařský "monismus"
Inclinicalwork,avarietyofdiseasesaresummarizedwithonemaindiagnosis.
"monismus" v psychologii
ProposedbythefamouspsychologistPiagetinthe20thcentury,itismainlyusedinthedevelopmenttheoryhefounded.HeputthecognitivedevelopmenttheoryDividedintofourdifferentstages,eachstagerepresentsacertainformoforganization,eachorganizationformputsallconceptsinaunitarymentalstructure,andeachstageisusedinallpossiblementalactivities.Butthistheoryhasbeenquestioned,becauseifthisisthecase,thenchildrenofthesameageshouldbeabletosolveallconservationproblems,butresearchshowsthatsomechildrencansolvethemattheageofsix,andsomehavetobeten.