Huang Sheng řekl o půjčování knih

Původní práce

HuangSheng’sloanbook¹

HuangShengYunxiu’sbook.Theownerofthegardengavethebook²,andtoldhim:

Youcan'treadthebookunlessyouborrowit.Don'tyouhearaboutthebookcollectors?Qilue³,Siku⁴,thebookoftheemperor,buthowmanyreadersoftheemperorarethere?⁵,thebookofthewealthyfamily,buthowmanyrichandwealthypeoplearereading?Othergrandfathersaccumulate⁶,regardlessofthedescendants.It'snotasinglebook,it'sallthingsintheworld.It’snotamatterofthelady,butthefakeYan⁷,wemustworryaboutbeingforcedbyothers,andIwillplaywithit⁸,saying:"Savetoday,gotomorrow,IIt’simpossibletoseeit."Iftheindustryismyown⁹,ImustbeGaoShuyan,andXuZangyan¹⁰,saying"Myuncleislookingatanotherday"Yuner¹¹.

YuYouyouisagoodbook,butherfamilyispoor¹².Zhang'scollectionofbooksisveryrich.Borrow,notwith,returntoformdreams¹³.It'strue.Therefore,thereisareferenceto¹⁴.Afterpassingtheregistration¹⁵,Iwillgotothebooktocometothebook,andIwillgotoDaman¹⁶,andthescroll¹⁷willbecoveredduringtheplaingraysilk.ThenIsighedforthededicationoftheborrower,anditisapitythattheyoungtimeis¹⁸!

Today'sHuangshengispoor,andhisborrowingbooksarealsosimilarto¹⁹;butifthepublicbookofYuisnotsimilartoZhang'sstingybook²⁰.However,YuguunfortunatelymeetsZhanghu²¹,butisfortunateenoughtomeetYuhu?Knowingfortunesandmisfortunes,hemustalsobespecializedinhisstudies,andhisreturnwillalsobequick²².

Asasaying,makethebook²³.

Překlad anotace

Frázeanotace

1. HuangSheng:HuangYunxiu,hislifeisunknown.Said:Itisoneoftheancientstyles.Articlesofthisgenreoftenputforwardtheauthor’sopinionsoncertainphenomenainsociallife.Theopinionsare"promotional",generallymainlydiscussion,butalsoboth.Narrativeandlyricalelements.

2. TheownerofSuiyuan:YuanMei,theauthorresignedandlivedinXiaocangshanSuiyuan,Jiangning(nowNanjingCity,JiangsuProvince),sohecalledhimself"MasterofSuiyuan"

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3. Qilue:ItisacatalogofofficialcollectionsintheHanDynasty,anditisalsothefirstcomprehensivecatalogofbooksinChina.InthethirdyearofEmperorHepingoftheWesternHanDynasty(thefirst26th),LiuXiangandotherscheckedthegovernment'scollectionofbooks,compiledanarrativeforeachbook,andcompiledthenarrativesofeachbookintothebook"Bielu".LiuXin,thesonofLiuXiang,compiledQilueonthebasisofBielu.Thebookisdividedintosevencategories:Compilation,Liuyilue,Zhuzilue,PoetryandFulue,Bingshulue,Shushulue,andFangji.slightly.

4. Siku:Thisreferstothe"SikuQuanshu"compiledduringtheQianlongreignofEmperorGaozongoftheQingDynasty.ItcollectedalmostallthehandeddowntextsbeforetheQianlongdynasty.

5. Sweatcowsstuffedinthehouse:Thecowsaresotiredandsweatywhentheyarecarried,andtheyarepackedathomeandfilledwiththehouse.Thisisadescriptionofalotofbooks.

6. Grandfather:Grandfatherandfather,refertograndfatherandfathergeneration.

7. Qiangfalse (qiǎngjiǎ): Neochotně vypůjčeno.

8. Zhang (zhuì) si nemůže přestat hrát s Yanmem: Nemohu si s tím nepříjemně přestat hrát. Úzkostný, ustaraný, ustaraný a vystrašený. Hraní s motorkou, vtip.

9. Průmysl: Již.

10. Yu(guǐ)Zangyan:Collectrice.Xu,umísti a shromáždi.

11. Gutu(sì)Vision of the Future: Počkejme na.Sestro, předběžně, a.Šu, počkej, počkej. Zítra, v budoucnosti, v budoucnosti.

12. Komu: Igotit.

13. Sny se vracejí do formy: objevují se ve spánku, když se vracejí.

14. Proto dobře rozumím(xǐng). Poznámka:Protože rád čtem, nemohu získat knihu.

15. Afterregistration:Thenameisregisteredintheofficialregister,whichmeansthatyoustarttobeanofficial.

16. Nakonec šel ke knize a bylo to plné: Tyto dvě věty znamenají, že se peníze utratí, knihy se koupí a (dům) se hromadí všude.

17. Yín(yín)graysilk(juàn)axis:whitesilverfishandgrayspidersilkareoftencoveredwithscrolls.SuYun:Referstothesilver-whitesilver-whitebeetlethateatsbooks.Plain,white.Graysilkreferstograyspidersilk.Scrolls,books.Inancienttimes,therewasnothread-boundbook.Theformofthebookwasalongscrollwithascrolltorollitup.Latergenerationscontinuedtouse"scrolls"tocallbooks.

18. WhenIwasyoung:whenIwasyoung. Years:referstotime.

19. Třída:podoba,podoba.

20. Gong: sloveso, sdílet s ostatními. Lakomý: lakomý.

21. Pevné: Původně, opravdu, opravdu

22. Návrat: Návrat.

23. Foratalk,makeitallwiththebook:MakeatalkandletitbegiventoHuangShengwiththebook.

Lidový překlad

ThescholarHuangYunxiucametoborrowbooksfromme.Igavehimthebookandtoldhim:ifthebookisnotborrowed,youcan'treaditseriously.Haven'tyouheardhowthebookcollectorsread?"Qilue"and"Siku"here,"Qilue"and"Siku"allrefertothecollectionofbooksintheinnergovernment,thecollectionoftheemperor,buthowmanypeoplearereadingintheemperor?Itissoexhaustingtocarryitthatthecowssweat,andthehouseisfullofbooks,richpeople'sbooks,buthowmanyoftherichandwealthypeoplestudyseriously?Therestofthebooksaccumulatedbygrandparentsandgrandparents,letalonediscardedbychildrenandgrandchildren.It'snotjustreadingbooks,thingsintheworldarelikethis.Whatisnottheperson'sownbutreluctantlyborrowedfromothers,hemustbeworriedthatotherswillbeforcedtoretrieveit,soheiscarefulandworried,constantlytouchingandplayingwiththething,saying:'Itisstoredtoday,anditwillleavetomorrow.Ican'twatchitanymore.Toit.’Ifthisthingisalreadyownedbyme,Imusttieituphigh,putitinmycollectionandsaveit,saying,‘justwaituntilanotherdaytoseeit.’That'sall.

WhenIwasakid,Ilikedreading,butitwasnoteasytogetbookswhenIwaspoorathome.ThereisamannamedZhangwhohasalotofbooks.IborrowedbooksfromZhang,buthedidn'tlendmebooks.AfterIwenthome,Iborrowedbooksfromhiminadream.Itfeelssourgent.SoIkeepinmindthebooksIhaveread.Afterbecominganofficial,thesalarieswentout,bookswerebought,andbookswerepiledupeverywhereinthehouse,andthetracesofsilverfishoftencoveredthebooks.Inthisway,Ilamentthededicationanddedicationofthepeoplewhoborrowedthebooksinthefuture,andtheyearswhenIwasyoungareworthcherishing!

NowthescholarsurnamedHuangisaspoorasIwasbefore,andheborrowedandstudiedhardasIdidbefore;exceptthatIlentthebooksopenlyandgenerously,andZhang’sstingybooksandrefusedtolendthem,Doesnotseemtobesimilar.Inthiscase,IwasnotluckytomeetZhang,andthescholarsurnamedHuangwasluckytomeetme?HuangShengunderstandstheluckofborrowingbooksandtheunluckyofnotbeingabletoborrowbooks,sohewilldefinitelyconcentrateonstudying,andhewillsurelyreturnbooksquickly.

IwrotethisstatementandletitbegiventoHuangShengwiththebook.

Kreativní pozadí

Ancientbooksarenoteasytoengrave,andtherearenotmanyprints.Itismuchhardertogetbooksthanitisnow.Ifyouwanttoseethem,youhavetoborrowthem.IntheQingDynasty,therewasalsonopubliclibrary,sotheyhadtoborrowbooksfromprivatecollectors.Sincetherearenotmanypeoplewhohavebooks,itisnoteasytogetbooks,andtheconceptofprivateownershipisheavy,sonaturallytheydon'twanttolendthem.Atthattime,thereweremanycasesofbooksbeingdamagedorevenlostafterbeingloanedout.Atthattime,therewerecommonsayingsof"borrowabookandbefoolish,"and"returnabookandbefoolish",sobookswereevenmoredifficulttoborrow.Becauseofthis,borrowedbookscaninspirepeopletoreadharder.

HuangYunxiuispoorandgoodatschool.YuanMeirespectshimverymuchandiswillingtohelphim.Inadditiontolendinghimbooks,healsosupportspartofhislivingexpenses."PrefacetoHuangsheng"said:“Ithinkthathisfamily’spovertycanbeexhaustedandhisabilityisalsoshamefulforhismorningandtwilight,andthelibrarywillsupportYan,andhewillbecomeaspiring.”ThisarticleisaboutYuanMei’sfeelingswhenheborrowedbooksfromHuangsheng.Andsent,written.

Ocenění Práce

Literární Ocenění

Thisarticleclarifiestherelationshipbetweenborrowingandreading,nottreatingpeople,andnotcoming,encouraginglaterlearnerstoconcentrateonstudying.Afterexplainingtheoriginofwriting,theauthorputforwardtheviewpointthat"bookscannotbereadwithoutborrowing",whichwasunexpectedandthought-provoking.Thisviewseemsbiased,butafterreadingtheentirearticle,readersfinditprofoundandveryreasonable.Theauthorfirstarguedagainstthefactthatthecollectiondidnotread.Theroyalfamilyhastherichnessofthefourlibrariesinthe"SevenLue",andithasallkindsofbooks."Howmanybooksaretherefortheemperor?""Thehouseofnoblesisfullofbooks,buthowmanyoftherichandtherichhavethebooks?"AsforthegrandfathersandfathersItistoomuchforchildrenandgrandchildrentoabandonthemwithoutreading.Sotheauthorconcludesthatpeoplewhohavetheconvenienceofreadingbutnotborrowing"howmanyreadersarethere?"Thenegativeanswerliesintherhetoricalquestion.

Theauthorthenmadeananalogyfromthebookandthematerial,andpointedoutthatthegeneralhumanpsychologyis:borrowingfromothers,worryingaboutotherstogetitback,sohecan'thelpbutobserveandenjoy;butoncehebelongstohimself,hewillbeputontheshelf,anexcuseI'llseeitlater.Thisstateofmindexplainsthetruththat"bookscannotbereadunlesstheyareborrowed."

Theauthorthenuseshisownexperiencetospeakout,whichhasstrengthenedthepersuasivepower.WhenIwasachild,mypoorfamilyhaddifficultyborrowingbooks,but"toreadandremember"hasachievedverygoodresults,whichexplainstheprincipleof"theborrowerisdedicated."Later,Ibecameanofficialandboughtbookswiththeconditions,butitwasacockroach,graysilk,andtime-maskedscrolls."Thisfurtherprovestheviewthat"bookscannotbereadwithoutborrowing".

Themostnotablefeatureofthisarticleistheuseofcontrast.Themethoddiscussestheproblem.Forexample,comparingthebookcollector'snon-readingwiththeborrower'sreading,comparingthetimewhenhisfamilyhasnobookswiththebook,andcomparingHuangShengwithhimself.TheauthorclarifieshisviewsandhopesinthecomparisonScholarsshouldcherishtheopportunitytostudy,sothattheycanstudywithenthusiasmtoachievesuccessintheirstudies.Forexample,comparing"thingsthatarenotawife"and"ifyouhaveone'scareer";Contrastwiththelazinessof"Afteryoupassyournationalregistration,youwillgotothebooktocome";Contrastbetween"YuZhiGongShu"and"Zhang'sStinginessBook";compareyourown"unfortunate"withHuangSheng's"fortune",Etc.Inthisway,notonlycanclearlystatethepointofview,butalsocandeepenreaders’understanding,andenhancethepersuasivenessofthearticle.

Moreover,fromthearticle,itcanbeseenthattheauthorYuanMeiisaverytalentedperson.Aheavy,self-willedandsuitableperson.Hecitedexamplesoftheemperorandthewealthytoshowthathedaredtocriticizethepowerfulanddisregardedthetraditionalpersonality.Hecherishedtheyearsofborrowingandstudyinghardinhisyouthandadmonishingtheyoungergenerations,showingthathehasaveryhumantouch

Komentáře od známých autorů

WangChonglu,ChairmanoftheWritersAssociationofLiaoningProvince:"Booksarenotborrowedandcannotberead"isthecoreofthefulltext.Thearticleisjustifiedthroughcommonsocialphenomenaandpersonalexperience.Explainedthistruthaccordingtotheground.Viewsandpolices,clearlevels,andthoroughexplanations.Thediscussionisquiteinstructiveforurgingtheworldtoread.("ChineseGoodArticles·ClassicalChineseArticlesYouCannotMiss")

FormerYantaiTeachersCollegeProfessorQuShucheng,consultantofthePenglaiHistoryandCultureResearchAssociation:Fromagenre,thisarticleisthesameas"SnakeCatchers".Itusesonethingtoexpressitsdiscussion.Intermsofcontentandwritingstyle,thisarticleisinconsistentwitheachother.ThePrefacetoSendingaHorsetoDongyangisverysimilar.Itencouragesyoungpeopletoreadandstudy.Inordertofullyclarifythetruthandconvincetheotherparty,theybothnarratetheauthor’sownpersonalexperience.p>

O autorovi

YuanMei(1716-1797),apoetandessayistintheQingDynasty.ThecharacterisZicai,heisnamedJianzhai,andhewasnamedCangshanjushi,ownerofSuiyuan,andoldmanofSuiyuaninhislateryears.HewasborninQiantang(nowHangzhou,Zhejiang).InthefourthyearofQianlong(1739),hewasascholarinLishuiandJiangning.Collectedpoetrydisciple,femalediscipleYouzhong.YuanMeiwasoneoftherepresentativepoetsinQianjiaperiod,andwascollectivelyknownasthe"ThreeGreatMastersofQianlong"withZhaoYiandJiangShiquan.Theauthorof"XiaocangShanfangPoemsandEssays", "SuiyuanPoetry Talks"a brzy.