Hostel

Wordconcepts

Základní informace

Název: Hotel

Pinyin:lǚguǎn

Foneticky:ㄌㄩˇㄍㄨㄢˇ

Čeština: Hotel

Vysvětlení citace

Hotel,alsoreferredtoas"hotel".Inancienttimes,itreferstoahousewheretravelerscanstay.Modernandmodernrefersspecificallytocommercialaccommodationfortourists.

• Báseň The SouthDynasties a Song XieLingyun "YouNanting Pavilion": "Longdysfunction, hotel má výhled na předměstí."

• TangIntheQingDynasty,TangYanqian's spoem"RedLeaves":"Noční vítr vytváří hotel a chlad u mnichova pokoje."

• V dynastii Čching, Sun Zhiwei,"Novoroční večeřeHanguan" báseň:"YeheichengGate"Zavřeno, hotel se rozsvítí."

• The Firstact of CaoYu's "Sunrise":"Toto je čajovna hotelu, která přichází - WangFusheng."

• BaJin's "CapriceRecord·Talk": "Když jsme dorazili na břeh, vagón použitý hotelovým náborem hostů se přiklonil k hotelu na SiMaRoad."

Základní význam

Přehled

Sincethe19thcentury,thefacilitiesofhotelsinsomecountrieshavebeenquitecomplete.AftertheSecondWorldWar,duetotheincreasinglydevelopedtransportation,morefrequentinternationalexchanges,andtherapiddevelopmentoftourism,moreandmorehotelswerebuiltallovertheworld.Somelarge-scalehotelnetworksownedbymultinationalgroupshavespreadallovertheworld’smajorcitiesandtouristattractions.

Hotelsarecharacterizedby"safety,economy,andhealth".Hotelsarepricedbasedonbeds,andgenerallyonebedischargedlocally.Thepriceofbuyingafastfoodisaboutone-tenthofthepriceofathree-starhotel.Theindoorequipmentissimple,withhighandlowbeds,hardmattressesandbedding,personallockerswithlocks,anduseofcollectivebathroomsandtoilets.Thehardwarerequirementsaresturdy,beautiful,practical,convenient,clean,andself-service-oriented,equippedwithwashingmachines,cafeterias,etc ., stejně jako rekreační místnosti, místnosti pro veřejné aktivity atd. a různé kulturní a sportovní aktivity lze organizovat podle vlastních charakteristik.

Anotherfeatureofhotelsistheirwidedistributionandlargenumbers.

Historický vývoj

Hotel má dlouhou historii v Číně.

Accordingtohistoricalrecords,asearlyasintheShangDynasty,therewasa"poststation",whichwasaplacewhereofficialspasseddocumentsandlivedforguests.AtthebeginningoftheWesternZhouDynasty,inordertofacilitatetheprincestopaytributeandpilgrimage,theguesthouseswereextensivelybuiltontheroadtothecapital.Theofficialalso".Guestsreceivedifferentreceptionsaccordingtotheirtitles.Thisisactuallyakindof"officiallyrun"hotel.

DuringtheSpringandAutumnandWarringStatesPeriod,duetotheprosperityofcommerceandthedevelopmentoftransportation,"civil"hotelsgraduallyroseup.Thesehotelswereoriginallycalled"inns"or"inns",regardlessofboardandlodging,mainlyforbusinessmen.

V dynastii WesternHan byl rozsah hotelů rozšířen.Chang'an, hlavní město dynastie WesternHan, bylo poseto chodbami a domy. Nebyli zde veřejně „krajská sídla“, bývalí zpěváci z celého světa, a „barbarští rezidence“ pro zahraniční hosty.

Accordingtothe"BookofOldTang·TheBookofEmperorTaizong":AfterEmperorTaizongascendedthethrone,thesystemofpilgrimageforlandlordofficialswasrestored.Inordertofacilitatetheaccommodationofofficials,heorderedtheconstructionof"morethan300residences".Atthattime,landandwaterpostroadscrisscrossed,andtherewasapostevery30miles.Thereare1,639poststationsacrossthecountry,withthecapitalChang’anasthecenterpostroad,extendinginalldirections.

Later,another"ToweringKhanRoad"wasbuiltinethnicminorityareas,and68poststationswereaddedalongthewaytoprovidemealsandlodgingforthemessengers.Ienviedtheappearanceofaspecialcertificateforpostsmadeofsilvermedals.Atthattime,accordingtothenationalityorethnicityoftheguests,nationalhotelsweresetup,andtheDiankeOfficeunderHonghuTemplewasresponsibleforthereceptionanddelivery.

IntheYuanDynasty,hotelshavebecomeoneofthemostprosperousindustries,andevenroyalhotelshaveappeared.

DuringtheMingandQingDynasties,"post"wascalled"Huitongguan"inBeijing.IntheearlyyearsofGuangxu,Beijinghadatotalof367guildhalls.After1927,touristhotelsspecializinginreceivingforeigntouristsappearedinbigcitiessuchasShanghaiandBeijing.Atthesametime,alargenumberofpeoplewithwarmandthoughtfulservicealsoappeared.

In1909,aGermanteachernamedRichardSchmanledagroupofstudentsonahikingtrip.Inheavyrain,theycouldonlyusestrawasabedinaruralschool.Spentadifficultnight.Theteacherwhostayedupallnighthastheideaof​​establishingahoteltoprovideaccommodationforyoungpeople.

RichardSchermanadvocatesthatyoungpeoplegooutofschoolandgetclosetonature.Hesaid:"Allboysandgirlsshouldgooutofschool,takepartinhiking,stayinyouthhotels."Helobbiedaroundwiththisidea,andwasfinallyacceptedbythepeople.

In1912,theworld’sfirstyouthhostelwasborninanabandonedcastleinGermany.Theequipmentissimple,withloftbeds,hardmattressesandbeddings,personallockerswithlocks,smalltablesandchairs,publicbathroomsandtoilets,andsomealsohavecafeteriasandpublicactivityrooms.Ithasbeenwidelywelcomedbyyoungpeople.Onlyoneyearlater,therewere83youthhostelswithatotalof21,000beds.By1997,theInternationalYouthHostelFederationhad65membercountriesaroundtheworld,with4,500youthhotels,32.82millionbedsand3.5millioninternationalmembers.Today,youthhostelshavebecometheworld’slargestaccommodationchainorganization,andthereare10millionyoungtouristsintheworldusingyouthhostels.

In1961,theUNESCOapprovedthebluetriangleinternationalroadsigncomposedoffirtreesandhousesspecificallytodesignatethewaytotheyouthhotel.Theoriginalimportedyouthhotelmembershipcard(HIcard)isabitshabbycomparedtothespecificationsweimagined.It'sjustahardpaperthesizeofabusinesscard,anditdoesn'tevenhaveaplasticfilmlikeanordinarycertificate.AndthisreflectsIYHF'senvironmentalprotectionconcept,aslongasthethingsthatarechangedeveryyearareguaranteednottobedamagedeveryyear.

"Therealyouthhotelguestswalkorridebicycles,cooktheirownmeals,giveuplargeandcomfortablehotels,andchoosesmallandsimpleyouthhotels.Thisisaromanticidealisticviewoftourism.Atthistime,youabsolutelyneedtodoeverythingyourself."

Cookingyourself:Everyyouthhotelhasalargekitchen,variouspots,bowls,ladles,pots,knives,Useforksandspoonsfreely,andthefaucetprovidesbothcoldwaterandhotwater.Thekitchenissurroundedbyvariousstovesandseverallarge-capacityrefrigeratorsforbackpackers.Youcanputthebread,milk,steak,meatandvariousvegetables,drinks,condiments,etc.youboughtinthesupermarket.Inordertopreventthefoodfrombeingtakenbymistakeorthefoodbeingleftforalongtimeaftertheguestsleave,youthhotelsgenerallyrequiregueststoputtheirownfoodinplasticbags,andputanoteinit,indicatingtheirname,roomnumberandthedateofpurchaseofthefood.Andcleantherefrigeratoronceaweek.Anoperatingplatforminthemiddleofthekitchencanbeusedbymultiplepeopleatthesametime.Inaddition,inacertainplaceinthekitchen,therearealsovariouscondimentsprovidedbyyouthhostelsforguestsfreeofcharge.Evenflourisalsoprovidedfreeofcharge.Ifyouarelucky,sometimestherewillbeafreesupplyofvegetables.

Doyourownlaundry:Everyyouthhotelhasalaundryroom,andthewashingmachineanddryerinthelaundryroomcanbeusedcasually.Whenwashingclothes,justthrowinaone-yuancoin.

Ownsheets:Mostbackpackerstravelwiththeirsleepingbagsontheirbacks,orbringtheirownsheets.Ifnot,youcanrentbedsheetsandblanketsprovidedbythehotel.

Findyourownway:Therearebluesignsontheroadtoguideyoualltheway.Someyouthhotelsareunmanaged.Whenevertheycome,theypickupabedandgotosleep,andgotothenearbypostofficetopaythemoneybeforeleavingthenextday.

China’sfirstinternationalyouthhostelwasbuiltinOctober1998anditslocationisGuangzhou.Injusttwoyears,19internationalyouthhostelshavebeenestablishedacrossChina.Thisisstillrelativelysmallcomparedtothe4,500intheworld,butourdevelopmentisfast.Someexpertsbelievethatwiththefurtherformationofyouthhostelnetworking,Withtheadditionofnewtouristgroupssuchasfamilytravelandseniortravel,Chinawillbecomethecountrywiththemostyouthhotels.

Složení

Thehoteliscomposedofaresidentialpart,apublicactivitypart,amanagementpartandapowerpart.Somelargehotelshaveseparatefoodandbeveragesections.

Obytná část

Includingguestrooms,toilets,bathroomsandservicefacilities,itisthemainbodyofthehotel.Thenumberofroomsandthenumberofbedsisthebasicunitofmeasurementinahotel.Thestandardoftheguestroomincludesthenetareaof​​eachroom,thenumberofbedsandthestandardofsanitaryequipment(bathroom,toilet).Thelowerstandardsaremulti-bedrooms(generallynotmorethan4beds)andsharedtoiletsandbathrooms;thehigherstandardsaremainly2beds,equippedwithadedicatedbathroomandtoilet;thehigherstandardsaresingle-bedroomswithalivingroombesidesthebedroom,Restaurantsandothersuites.

Část veřejná činnost

Prostor pro veřejnou činnost a zařízení pro cestující, jako je vstupní hala, vstupní hala, salonek, recepce, obchod, zasedací místnost, servisní pulty, pošty, banky, cestovní kanceláře, zařízení pro kulturní zábavu a sport, restaurace, bary, taneční sály atd.

Část řízení

Themanagementpartincludesbusiness,financialandadministrativeoffices,telephoneswitchboardsandvariouswelfareroomsforemployees,variouswarehouses,andlaundryrooms,Cargarage(dividedintohotelmanagementgarageandguestparkinggarage,thelatterisgenerallynotincludedinthehotelbuildingarea.

powerpart

powerThepartincludespowerequipmentanditscontrolroom.

Typ

Úvod

Hoteltypescanbedividedintofamilyhotels,holidayhotels,conferencehotels,motelsandguesthousesEtc..

Rodinná kategorie

Thefamilyhotelisbasedontheoriginalresidence.Inordertoimprovethescaleandgradeofthefamilyhotel,thefamilyhoteladoptsthemanagementof"company+farmer"Inthisway,thecompanywasregisteredandestablishedundertheleadershipofthecommunitylaborunion,andtheregulationsandstar-levelmanagementstandardsforfamilyhotelswereformulatedinaccordancewiththemodernenterprisesystem.Onthebasisofthestar-ratedfamilyhotels,thestandardsofcivilizedandhonestfamilyhotelswereformulated.Safety,priceandserviceareregulated,andunifiedmanagement,unifiedstandards,andunifiedidentificationareimplemented.Forexample,SanyaYejingzhuFamilyHotel,SanyaSummerStyleBoutiqueApartment,GulangyuTimeSeaInn,etc.,undertheImpressionSeaHotelManagementCompany,arein-houseIntermsofhardwareconstruction,itisrequiredtodoagoodjobininfrastructurefacilitiesandfinedecoration,toimproveenvironmentalsanitation,hardening,greeningandlighting,basicallytobeevergreeninallseasons,andthereareflowersinthreeseasons,creatingagoodtourismenvironment.

Familyhotelsmainlyservetouristsonholidaysorweekends,andmostofthemarebuiltinseasideandscenicareas.Thistypeofhotelhassimplerfacilities,fewerserviceitems,andstrongseasonality.

Meetingsh3>

Speciallyusedformeetings,therearelargeandsmallmeetingrooms,andsomearealsoequippedwithsimultaneousinterpretationandaudiovisualfacilitiesrequiredforinternationalmeetings.Conferencehotelsshouldhavefacilitiesthatmeettheneedsofmeetings,suchasexhibitions,Newsreports,audioandvideorecording,copyingandotherfacilities.

Automobily

Mostofthemarebuiltnearthemainhighwaysfortheaccommodationofpassengersdrivingtheircars.Themainfacilitiesareguestroomsandrestaurants.Theguestroomsareequippedwithaplacetoparkcars.Mostofthelocationsareclosetotheguestrooms.Guestsintheroomscanseetheircars.Therestaurantsprovidemealsforresidentsandalsoserveguestswhodonotstay.Thistypeofhotelismorepopularincountrieswithdevelopedroadtraffic.Many.

Penziony

Generally,theyarenon-profit,notopentotheoutsideworld,andaremostlyusedbyacertainorganizationforreception.Thenationaltaxationislessthanthatofordinaryhotels,thechargesarelower,andthestandardsareaverage.

"Kreativní" kategorie

¤GiraffeManor

Onasunnymorning,whenyousleepy-eyedsittingatthetableWhileenjoyingdeliciouscroissantsandfreshorangejuice,agiraffe’snecksuddenlycametoyouthroughthewindow.Itwouldbeshockedtosharetheorangejuicewithyou,butthisisnotafairytale.It’safamilyinKenya."GiraffeHotel",thissceneItcanhappen.

AtthefootofMountKilimanjaroinKenya,thereisahotelcalled"GiraffeManor".Atotalof8Rothschildgiraffesliveonthe57hectaresofthemanor.Thesebigguysare5metersawayandweighuptotwotons.Thisgiraffeisarareanimalandwasonceonthebrinkofextinction.

The"GiraffeManor"wasfoundedtohousetheseendangeredgiraffes.Byallowingtouriststofeedthem,itcanalsomakemorepeopleawareoftheimportanceoflivinginharmonywithnatureandprotectingwildanimals.

Therearenotmanyroomsin"GiraffeManor",butitcanprovidetouristswithafullrangeoffood,lodgingandtransportationservices.Ofcourse,thepricehereiscomparabletoafive-starhotel.

¤Vězeňský hotel

Thereisa"prisonhotel"inthecharmingcityofLucerneinSwitzerland.Thisisahotelconvertedfromaprison.Builtin1860,aftertwoexpansions,itwasconvertedintoahotelin1998andopenedforbusiness.

The"prisonhotel"hasmaintaineditsoriginallayoutinmanyplaces.Thedooroftheroomfollowsthestyleofaprisondoor:thethickwoodendoorhasasmallwoodenwindowforvisiting,butithasnowbeensealed.Iopenedthedoorandfoundtwosmalltallwindowsequippedwithironfences.Atnight,moonlightpenetratedthroughthesmallwindowsandsprinkledonthefloor.Itwasquietandcold,anditreallyfeltlikeanauthenticprison!

Cena tohoto hotelu je poměrně nízká, pouze 50 švýcarských franků (325 juanů) může zůstat ve „vězení“ jednu noc. Když se dostanete do Švýcarska, můžete zažít, jaké to je dostat se do vězení v cizí zemi.

¤CraneHotel

Thereisaunique"CraneHotel"intheworldneartheDutchtownofHarlingen,whichislocatedonthecoastoftheWaddenSea.Itwasconvertedfromaharbourcrane.Thehigh-altitudecabofthecraneistheonly"guestroom"ofthehotel.

Enteringthe"guestroom"isabittroublesome.Youneedtotakeanelevatorfromthegroundtothemid-airplatform,andthentransfertoanotherelevatortoreachtheroom.The"guestroom"hasadoublebed,twochairs,anopenkitchen,andabathroomwithashower.Thesound,lightingandsoundeffectsintheroomcanallbeoperatedthroughatouchscreen.

Thebiggesthighlightofthishotelisthatyoucanmanipulatethecontrollerbyhandtorotateacraneweighingdozensoftonsby360degrees.It’sapitythatthecrane’scabhaslimitedspace.Therefore,thishotelcanonlyaccommodatetwovisitorsatthesametime.Thepriceis319eurospernight,whichisreallyexpensive,butaccordingtovisitorswhohavestayed,the"CraneHotel"isdefinitelyworthatry..

Umístění

Thelocationofthehotelmainlyconsiderstheenvironmentandtraffic.

životní prostředí

Hotelslocatedincitiesshouldbeabletofacilitatetravelerstounderstandtheessenceofthecity,thecharacteristicsoftheregion,andtheuseofthecity’spublicfacilities.Touristhotelslocatedinscenicspotsshouldbeconvenientfortouriststowatchandvisit,butshouldpayattentiontoenvironmentalprotectionandmakethescenicspotsbetter.Inordertoavoiddamagingthelandscapeofthescenicarea,thesiteismainlylocatedoutsidethescenery.

Přeprava

Thelocationofthehotelshouldconsiderconvenienttransportation,anditshouldnotbetoofarawayfromthestation,terminalandairport.Thehotelisadistributioncenterforalargenumberofvehiclesandpeople,andtherearealargenumberofgoodsenteringandexiting,andalargenumberofvehiclesareparked.Thesesituationsshouldbeproperlyconsideredwhenselectingalocationtoavoidcongestioninthecity.Hotelsconsumealotofwater,electricity,fuel,foodanddailynecessities,sotheyshouldbepurchasedandsuppliedlocallyasmuchaspossible.

Návrhové body

Thehotelservespassengersandmustmakethemfeelcomfortable,convenientandsafe.Fromenteringthegate,goingthroughtheformalities,passingthroughtheaisles,elevatorstothelivingroom,aswellasrest,dining,etc.,thetransportationroutemustbesimpleandsmooth.Thedesignrequirescarefulconsiderationandcarefulconsiderationofallthedetailsthatareconvenientforpassengers.Forexample,makeiteasyfortravelerstofindinformationdesks,checkoutoffices,bars,restaurants,andelevators.Inordertocreateacomfortableandbeautifulindoorandoutdoorenvironment,theindoortemperatureandhumidity,ventilation,artificiallighting,naturallighting,furnitureandfurnishings,architecturaldecorationandcolormustbecoordinated.Therefore,thebasicprincipleofhoteldesignistosolvetheproblemsoftourists'activityneedsandtheconvenienceofprovidingservices.

Design pokoje pro hosty

Theguestroomisthemainbodyofthehotel.Theprincipleofguestroomdesignistobequiet,comfortable,safe,completewithfacilities,andconducivetocleanlinessandhygiene.Thescaleandstyleofthefurnitureshouldbecoordinatedwiththesizeandshapeoftheguestroom.Thesizeoftheguestroomdependsonthehotellevelandfurnishingstandards.Accordingtothebedsetting,itisdividedintosingle-bedrooms,twin-bedrooms,suiterooms,superiorsuiterooms,etc.Themostcommonlyusedistwin-bedrooms.Mostmotelshavetwodouble-bedroomsineachunitforthewholefamilytotravelforthreeorfourpeople.Thesizeoftheguestroomisrelatedtothesizeofthebed.Thenetlivingareaof​​theguestroom(excludingthebathroomandpassage)isgenerallyabout20squaremeters,whichcanbeincreasedordecreasedaccordingtotheactualsituation.Thedesignofthebathroomshouldbeconsideredforeaseofcleaningandmaintenance.Thecorridorsofguestroomsshouldbeeasilyaccessibletostairsandelevators,andsafeevacuationdirectionsandexitsshouldbespecifiedinaccordancewithregulations.

Design restaurace

Inordertomeetthedifferenttastesoftravelersfromallovertheworld,largehotelshavesetupavarietyofrestaurants,mainlyinsmallandmedium-sizedrestaurants,payattentiontodiningenvironment.Therestaurantshouldnotbetoofarawayfromtheguestroom,anditisbestnottowalkthroughthefoyerwhengoingfromtheguestroomtotherestaurant.Thelocationofthekitchenshouldbecloselyconnectedtothediningroom,butitshouldbemoreconcealed.Thekitchendesignshouldbehygienic.Thediningroomshouldbeseparatedfromthediningroomtopreventsmellandnoisefrompenetratingintothediningroom.Theneedsofpassengerseatingintheguestroomshouldbeconsidered.ThesupplyrouteshouldnotbeShouldbeincontactwithguests.Beveragesareanimportantsourceofincomeforhoteloperations,anditismoreconvenientfortouriststosetupbarsinascatteredwaythaninacentralizedway.

Design prádelny

Largehotelshavealargeamountoflaundry,andthelaundryroomsaregenerallysetupseparately.Theconvenienceofcontactshouldbeconsidered,anditcanbelocatedinthebasement.

Cargaragedesign

Theconstructionrequirementsofthegarageareproposedbythemunicipalmanagementdepartment.Inadditiontothecarsusedinthehotel’sbusiness,thegarageshouldalsoprovideparkingspacesforpassengersorfortaxis.Tobuildnewhotelsinoldcitiesthatlackcargarages,someparkingspacescanbeallocatedforrentinthegaragetoincreaseincome.

Design stránek pro parkování kol

Alargehoteloftenhasthousandsofservicepersonnel.Atpresent,manyChinesehotelstaffandvisitorsusebicyclesfortransportation.tool.Therefore,largeandmedium-sizedhotelsmustdesignbicyclestorageshedsorleaveenoughparkingspacesintheoveralllayout.

Výkon a design mechanického vybavení

Modernhotelsneedtoprovideaperfectman-madeenvironment.Tothisend,itmusthaveahugepowerandmechanicalfacilities,aswellascontrolsystems,includingwatersupply,drainage,powertransmission,transformation,airconditioning,heating,telephoneexchanges,varioustypesoftelevisions,fireprevention,anti-theftautomaticmonitoringsystemsandcomputer-controlledgroupcontrolElevatorandsoon.Thesefacilitiesmustbecarefullyarranged.

Vývojový trend

Theinternationaltrendofhotelconstructionistodeveloptowardshigh-rise,large-scale,high-standard,complex(ieshops,hotels,offices,apartments,etc.),andstrivetoIncreasetheprofitablepartofpublicactivities.Intermsoffacilities,wevigorouslyuseadvancedscienceandtechnologytocreateidealindoorandoutdoorenvironmentstoimprovemanagement.Forexample:useair-conditioningequipment,tightenclosurestructures,equipmenttopreventorreducenoiseinterference(includingsoundabsorption,soundinsulation,andmufflerdevices)tokeeptheroomquiet,freshair,andsuitabletemperature;usethegroupprogramtocontroltheelevatorfastPickupanddropoffpassengers;usemultifunctionalandefficienttelephonesandteletypewriterstokeepinclosecontactwithallovertheworld;installasmallsafeatthegeneralservicedesktostorevaluablesforpassengers;useelectronictechnologytomanageguestrooms(includingreservations,reception,checkout,etc.)Business)inordertoimproveworkefficiencyandroomutilization;usetelemetrymonitorstopreventthefttoensurepassengersafety;setupfiresensorstoalarmintimeandautomaticallyextinguishfiresintheeventofafire.