Obsah úvod
Therangeofmaterialsusedin"GuangYa"iswiderthanthatin"ErYa".Thebookisnamed"GuangYa",whichmeanstoexpand"ErYa"."GuangYa",exegeticalbook.WrittenbyZhangYiduringtheWeiDynastyoftheThreeKingdoms.ZhangYi'swordisZhiRang,WeiMingEmperorTaiheZhongisaPh.D.ZhangYisaidin"ShangGuangYaBiao"thattheexegesiscollectedin"ErYa"isstillveryincomplete,sotheChineseofthegroupofbooksissynonymous,thepronunciationislost,theeightdirectionsarespecial ,thecommonobjectsarerenamed,andtheyarenot."ErYa"isrecordedindetailandwritteninthearticle.Itsintentionistobroaden"ErYa",sotheinterpretationstillusestheoldtitleof"ErYa",startingfrom"Exegesis","Explanation"and"Explanation"to"ExplanationofBeasts"and"ExplanationofAnimals".19articles.Thecollectionofhisbooksisextremelywide,includingexegesispasseddownbeforetheHanDynasty.Theannotationsof"ChuCi "a"HanFu", stejně jako vysvětlení kaligrafie HanDynasty, "Dialect", "ShuowenJiezi" a další knihy jsou zahrnuty.
"Guangya"waswrittenduringtheTaiheperiodofEmperorMingoftheThreeKingdoms(227-232).Thebookisbasedonthestyleof"Erya",supplementingtheunpreparedarticles,collectingexegesisfromhundredsofschools,andadoptingspeciallanguagefromalldirections,Detailedrecordoftheproductcore,towriteinthearticle.Lingheqishu,self-yi,books,poems,threerituals,threezhuanjingshi'sinstructions,theAnalects,Mencius,Huainan,annotationsofFaYan,interpretationsofChuCi ,HanFu,záznam proroctví,Cangjie,Xunzhuan,Pangxi,dialekty a vyprávění,neobsahujíobě,a Xicui je přeživším starodávného významu Zhou,QinandHanDynasties.Vždy je to považováno za důležité a důležité dílo.
Theoriginalbookof"GuangYa"isdividedintothreevolumes,thefirst,thesecondandthesecond.CaoXianintheSuiDynastywrotethesoundinterpretation.BecauseofavoidingSuiYangEmperorYangGuang'staboo,itwasrenamed"BoYa"andclaimedtobethebook"BoYa"sound".CaoXian'sannotatededitionincludes4volumesof"SuiZhi"and10volumesof"TangZhi".Thetitleisstillcalled"GuangYa",whichisstillinusetoday.DuringtheQianjiaperiodoftheQingDynasty,thestudyoflanguagephonologyexegesisprevailed.WangNianandSunShizhi's "GuangYa" vyrobil 10 svazků"GuangYaShuzheng", z nichž každý byl rozdělen na větší a nižší objemy.
QingConfucianismwaspraisedas"thebookofZhangYiwasborrowedtoaccommodatealltheories,butthetruthisunknown.ScholarsarebetterthanthecommentariesofLiDaoyuanonthe"WaterClassics",whicharesuperiortotheScriptures."Thesparseevidenceiswrittentothe9thvolume,andthe10thvolumeismentionedbyhissonWangYin.Wang'scommentaryon"GuangYa",itsmostimportantfeatureistoseekancientmeaningfromancientsounds,extendtothecategory,andnotlimittheshape.Inthebook,thetheoryof"soundsaresimilartomeanings"and"soundsaretransposedtobesimilar"iseverywhere.Heusessoundtospeakthroughexegesis.Inthebook,itisoftensaidthat"acertainwordisacertainthing"toexploretheetymologyandmeaningofthewordfamily.Atthesametime,HaoYixing's"ErYaYiShu"andQianYi's"DialectJianShu"bothdirectlyorindirectlyaccepteditsinfluence.
Obsah
Úvodní slovo
Legendy
ShanghaiGuangyaTable
GuangyaGulinText
>Svazek 1 v první interpretaci
Svazek1 na druhém výkladu
Svazek2 na druhém výkladu
Svazek2 na druhém výkladu
Svazek 3, horní vysvětlení
Svazek 3, spodní vysvětlení
Svazek 4, horní vysvětlení
Svazek4,nižší vysvětleníVýklad
Vysvětlení v pátém svazku
Vysvětlení v pátém svazku
Vysvětlení v šestém svazku
Vysvětlení v šestém svazkuXiaShiqin
VolumeSeven,ShangShigong
VolumeSeven,LowerReleaseDevice
VolumeEighthReleaseDevice
SvazekOsmé druhé vydání hudby
Objem devátého dne vydání
Objem devětkrát na dně
Shiqiu
Shishan
Pusťte vodu
Pusťte trávu desátý svazek
Uvolněte dřevo
Uvolněte hmyz v desátém objemu
ShiYu
ShiNiao
ShiBeast
Obsah
Thefirstthreechaptersof"GuangYa",explaining,explaining,andexplainingTraining,explainsgeneralwords.Interpretationofmostitemsistoputmanysynonymstogether,groupthemintoagroup,andthenuseacommonlyusedwordwithabroadmeaningtoexplain.Forexample:
lao(to),tai(ti),?(jiǎn),淅,umýt,潒(d-ng),湅*(sāo),koupel,koupel,koupel,湔(jiān)),Zhuo,Mo(hu- ),Posypat(xǐ)také.
Sprinkleandwash.Thisentryissupplementedby"GuangYa".Amongthem,LaotongtaoisalsowrittenasTao.Waterlogging,elimination,?,xi,and湅*allrefertoscouringrice,whichistowashawayimpuritiesingrainswithwater.Washing,cleaning,andmoisteningallrefertowashingawaydirt.Danglingmeanscleansing.Bathingmeanswashingyourhands,bathingmeansshampooing,bathingmeanswashingyourbody,andfoamingmeanswashingyourface.
Theentriesofexplanationsareveryshort,withonlyonewordbeingexplained.Forexample:
徇，营也.
Pistole, ano.
Koupit a zaplatit.
Jiang,FuYe.
YuisthemeaningofQuCong,andYingisthemeaningofseeking,andYuandYinghavesimilarmeanings,sotheyareinterpretedasYing.Yunistheonewhoriskedtheworld'sgreatdisgrace.Yunheissynonymous,meaningthatitiscorrect.Purchasingmeansofferingareward,andrepayingmeansrepaying,sopurchaseandreleasearepaid.Willhavethemeaningofhelping,suchas"MulanCi"outofGuoXiangfuJiang,Fuhewillusesynonymstogether.
Explanatorytrainingexplainsrepetitivewordsanddouble-syllablewords.Forexample:
Zizi,彶彶(j-j-),panic,gu-nggu-ng(gu-nggu-ng),drama také.
Pěstování, triviální, stylové, také milované.
Váhat, váhat.
P-nhu-n,vyrovnejte se nevstupovat.
Diligentlydescribediligenceandtirelessness.ThesameasJiji,describetheeagerpursuit.Panicdescribeshurriedhasty.Summondescribedhurriedlyandunsteadily.
Thecommonpointofthesefourwordsistodescribethedepthandstrength,andthedramahasthemeaningofextremeandextreme,sothedramaisusedasanexplanatoryword.QuanQuandescribessincereandloyal.
Ameredescriptionofsincereandaffection.Sectionsectiondescribesloyaltyandsincerity.Thesethreewordsaregoodfordescribingfeelings,soloveisusedasanexplanatoryword.Tohesitatemeanstolinger,andtoexplainwithhesitationistousewordstoexplainwords.BanhuanisalsousedasPanhuan,whichmeansstayingandwandering.Ifyoudon’tuseit,Banhuanusesphrasestoexplainwords.
Explainthefollowing16encyclopediaterms.Amongthem,Shiqinexplainsthenamesofrelativesandthenamesofpeople'sbodies.ShiGongexplainedthevocabularyabouthouseconstruction.Inadditiontotheinterpreter,theinterpreteralsoexplainssomewordsrelatedtobones,skin,viscera,diet,etc.Shiyueexplainsthenameofmusic,thenameoftheinstrument,theformandthesystemofritualmusic.Forexample:
Weng,Gong,OldMan,Dad,?(zhē),FatherYe.(ShuQin)
Pixun(p-n-),Yin(di-),žena také.(ReleasethePalace)
Pouch se nazývá škorpión. (Uvolněte zařízení)
Xun (xūn), jako vážící kladivo, je vyrobeno z půdy a má šest děr. (Shile)
FivearticlesincludingShitian,Shidi,Shiqiu,Shishan,Shishui,etc.mainlyexplainthetermsofastronomyandgeography.Forexample:
Světelný znamená měsíc. (ShiTian)
Hu,薮(sǒu),Pi(bēi),rybník,hlavní město,?(h-ng)單(chǐ),Ze,埏(yn),Yan,Gao,Marsh,Chialso.(Shidi)
Xiaoling se nazývá kopec. (Shiqiu)
DaiZong s názvem MountTai. (ShiShan)
Liquan,Zhiquan.Straightspring,Yongquanalso.(Shishui)
Sevenchaptersexplainthetermsofplantsandanimals,includingShiCao,ShiMu,ShiChong,ShiYu,ShiNiao,ShiShi,ShiHu.Forexample:
菅(jiān),Maoalso.(Uvolněte trávu)
Chu,JingYe.(Shimu)
Langu,yuān(yuān)také.(Vypusťte hmyz)
Karas stříbřitý, také karas stříbřitý. (Vypustit rybu)
Bažant,bažant(zh-)také.(Vypusťte ptáka)
豨(xī),豠(c-),豭(jiā),彘,豠also.(Releasethebeast)
Whitehorseloin,驙 (zhān). (ShiHu)
Cirkulovaná verze
Theoldeditionof"GuangYa"hasmanycorruptedcharacters,andCaoXianyinisclampedunderthemaintext.Someofthemaintextismistakenforsound,andsomearemistakenforsound.Inthemaintext,Wangandhissonallcollatedonebyone.SeparateCaoXianyinandlistitattheendoftheoriginalbook"GuangYa"."GuangyaShuzheng"hasXuehaitangedition,Jifuseriesofbooks,andWangfamilyengravededition.Inrecentyears,BeijingZhonghuaBookCompanyandShanghaiAncientBooksPublishingHousehavebothpublishedphotocopies;JiangsuAncientBooksPublishingHousehasalsophotocopied4typesofGaoyouWang's.Afterthepublicationof"GuangyaShuzheng",Wangcontinuedtoreviseitandformavolumeof"SupplementsandCorrections".Thisbookwaspublishedin1918inShanghaiGuangcangXueyuan;LuoZhenyucopieditfromthemanuscriptandcompiledandprinteditintheYinLiZaiSiTangSeriesin1929.ZhonghuaBookCompanyplaceditattheendofthebook.AftertheWangclan,therewereafewotherswhotriedtosupplementtheevidence,buttheessenceisnotmuch.
AtthesametimeasWangNiansun'sinterpretationof"Guangya",QianDazhao's20volumesof"GuangyaYishu",atthattimetherewereonlytranscripts,whichhadnotbeenpublishedandhadlittleinfluence.GuiFureadthemanuscriptandsighedforitscarefulreview.Today,theZhonghuaBookCompanyhasacollatededition.LuWenyialsopublished"GuangYaShiTianXiaZhu",whichwascollectedin"GuangYaYiShu".The"JingjiatangSeries"ispublishedinJapan,andallmajorlibrariesinChinahaveitinthecollection.
Historická hodnota
Theoriginalbook"GuangYa"isdividedinto3volumes,withatotalof18,150words.Comparing"GuangYa"and"ErYa",therearemorethan7,000words.Fromtheentrypointofview,ofthefirstthreearticles,thelengthofinterpretationisthelongest,with809articlesintotal,whichismorethan600morethan"Erya-Interpretation".Thelast16chaptersarethelongest,with359articles,whichismorethan200morethan"Erya-Shiki".
"Guangya"isthemostvaluableexegeticaldictionaryintheYashuthatappearedafter"Erya".Thebook"GuangYa"containsmanywordsthatarenotfoundin"ErYa",includingthecommentaryonthehistoryoftheScripturesbeforetheHanandWeiDynasties,aswellastheexegesisinthe"SanCang","Dialects",and"ShuoWen".ItprovidesveryvaluableinformationforfuturegenerationstoverifytheancientmeaningsofancientwordsinZhou,QinandHan.WangNiansunoftheQingDynastycommentedon"Guangya"in"GuangyaShuzhengPreface",saying:ThosewhocovertheancientmeaningsofZhou,QinandHancanbeusedtoprovetheirgainsandlosses;Thebook'smeritsandexegesisarealsogreat.
Protože "GuangYa" rozšiřuje význam slova "ErYa", jeho "omezení" jsou stejná jako "ErYa". Nedostatky WangLiho komentáře "ErYa" v této knize "Historie čínské lingvistiky" lze použít v "GuangreYa pointech".
First,whenthewordtobeexplainedisapolysemousword,whichmeaningisusedisnotclear.
Second,itiseasytomisunderstandthesimplecollectionofoldprecepts,thinkingthattheyareallsynonymsandcanbetransferredtoeachother.
Three.Sometimes,thewordtobeexplainedandthewordtobeexplainedarenotsynonymousatall,andthereisonlyacertainconnectionbetweenthem,orevenreluctantly.
Theabovethreesituationsarequitecommon.Thisallowspeoplewhomisinterpretancientbookstousethistypeofmaterialtohelpmakeassumptions.
Dokumentární záznamy
"Guangya·TenVolumes(InnerHouseCollection)":
Napsal WeiZhangyi.Yiziizralý,od Qinghe.Dr.TaiheZhongguan.Jeho jméno může být vyrobeno ze dřeva.Pokud je však dokázáno slovem „děti a nechat se hýčkat“, je zkušební „nolet“. Studium „Pian“ a „Guang“, rozšiřování kategorie věcí, je pro text také užitečné. Nicméně jeho „ZiXuan“, FangZhix kapitola může být horší.“ Je to styl, že „Picang“ a „GuangYa“ jsou lepší než „ZiXuan“.
Today,"PiCang"and"ZiGu"havebeenlostforalongtime,but"GuangYa"remains.Becauseoftheoldtitleof"ErYa",hisbookwasexpandedbyusingHanConfuciancommentaryand"SanCang"and"ShuoWen"books.CaoXian,asecretaryoftheSuiDynasty,changedhisnameto"BoYa"toavoidthetabooofEmperorYang.Therefore,thetwonameshavebeencalledtogethersofar,anditisalsoabook.Thereis" JinBiao „vpředu, který se nazývá „FanWanWanXianXianFu“, rozdělený na horní, střední a nižší.
"SuiShu·JijiZhi"isalsocomposedofthreevolumes,whichisinlinewithwhatissaidin"Biao",butthenotesays:"Lianghasfourvolumes.""TangZhi"isalsocomposedoffourvolumes."GuangeBibliography"alsosaid:"TodayisYi,buttherearethreevolumesof"Yin"."NotedbytheConstitution,"Suizhi"iscomposedoffourvolumes,and"Tangzhi"iscomposedoftenvolumes, apočet položek je různý.Knihu překryjte ve třech dílech."Qilu" se skládá z našich svazků, které budou předány dolů a napsány později, aby bylo možné analyzovat jeho obsah.
Thetextsof"GuangYa"quotedbythescholarsareallpresent,andthereisnothingmissinginthisbook.Knowingthenumberofbooksisdifferent,thebooksarethesame.However,theso-calledYizhein"GuangeBibliography"istheoriginalofYiqiwithoutnotes.Theso-called"Yin"inthethreevolumesistheoriginalnoteoftheconstitution.TheoriginaltextofYiisactuallyattachedtothe"Notes"forpreservation,anditisnotatasteofYi,anditisnotafault.However,thecurrenteditionisstilltenjuan,andlatergenerationsanalyzedittofittheearsof"TangZhi".ExaminationofTangXuandu's"NineClassicsCharacterPreface",itissaidthatthephoneticcharacterwaschangedto"cut",whichactuallybeganinKaichengjianoftheTangDynasty.AlthoughtheconstitutionenteredtheTangdynastyfromtheSuiDynastytothetimeofZhenguan,itwasfarbeforeitwasdeveloped.Todaythisisoftencloudedwithcertainwords,whichisquitesuspicious.Isitnottheoldversionoftheconstitutionthatisrumoredandmodified?