Definice
Cloudcomputingservicereferstotheunifiedmanagementandschedulingofalargenumberofnetwork-connectedcomputingresourcestoformacomputingresourcepooltoprovideuserswithon-demandservices.Userscanobtainrequiredresourcesandservicesthroughthenetworkinanon-demandandeasilyscalablemanner.
Hlavní funkce
Therearemanyconceptsthatarenotveryclearaboutcloudservices,andwewillfocusonthemhere.Intoday'ssociety,weusecomputerstoprocessdocuments,storedata,andshareinformationwithothersviae-mailorUSBflashdrives.Ifthecomputerharddrivefails,wewillbeatalossbecauseofthelossofdata.Intheeraof"cloudcomputing","cloud"willdostorageandcomputingworkforus.Atthattime,weonlyneedamobilephonewithInternetaccess.Onceneeded,wecanquicklyfindtheinformationweneedandprocessthemwiththemobilephoneatanyplace.Wenolongerhavetoworryaboutdataloss.
Someonemadeasimpledescription:itissmartenoughtopredictyourneedsinrealtimebasedonyourlocation,time,preferencesandotherinformation.Inthisbrand-newmodel,thesearchforinformationwillbedoneforyouinsteadofyou.Nomatterwhatdeviceyouuse,nomatterwhatkindofon-demandserviceyouneed,youwillgetaconsistentandcoherentultimateexperience.
Hlavní dopad
Obchodní model
ThebusinessmodelofcloudservicesistoprovideawealthofpersonalizedproductsbybreedingalargenumberofstartupcompaniestomeetthegrowingmarketIndividualneeds.Themethodofreproductionistoprovidestart-upcompanieswithacompletesetofservicessuchascapital,promotion,payment,logistics,andcustomerservice,andusetheirownoperatingcapabilitieslikewaterandelectricityforexternaluseondemand.
Přinášení změn
Amajorchangebroughtaboutbycloudservicesistheshiftfrombeingequipment-centrictoinformation-centric.Equipmentincludingapplicationsarejustpassingby(whoelsecanreadfloppydisksnow?),andinformationandpeople’sinvestmentininformationareassetsthatmustberetainedforalongtime(manypeoplechangetwophonesayear,Andoneofthemajorlossescausedbythelossofamobilephoneisthatthereisnobackupoftheaddressbook,photos,filesandotherinformation).Therefore,nomatterhownovelorevenexpensivefront-endhardwaredevicesasmentionedaboveare,theywillbecomeobsolete,andsomewillbecomeobsoleteanddepreciatequickly!Whatisnoteasilyobsoleteonthecloud?information!Notonlyisitoutofdate,alotofinformationmustbepreservedforalongtime,andthelongeritis,themorevaluableitbecomes.
Porodní předpoklad
Thebirthpremiseofcloudservicesis:theInternetbreaksgeographicaldivisiontoformaunifiedbigmarket,anditbecomesprofitabletoprovideproductsforindividualneeds.Theobjectiveeffectis:tominimizethecostofentrepreneurship,entrepreneursonlyfocusonthecorelinkssuchascreativity,operationandmanagementwillnolongerbeimportant.Smallcompaniesbegantochallengelargecompaniesandsubverttheindustrialcivilizationof"scalewins".Oursocietyandculturewillbemoreindependentandfree.
Předchozí stav
Traditionalbusinessapplicationsarenotonlytoocomplex,butalsoexpensive.Thevarioussoftwareandhardwarerequiredfornormaloperationarealsostaggeringinquantityanddiverseinvariety.Youneedacompleteteamofexpertstoberesponsibleforinstallation,configuration,testing,operation,protectionandupdates.
Ifyouaredealingwithdozensorhundredsofapplications,theeffortrequiredwillincreaseexponentially,andthenyouwillunderstandwhyalarge-scalecompany,evenwiththebestThereasonwhytheITdepartmentisstillunabletoobtaintherequiredapplications.Thehopesofsmallandmedium-sizedcompaniesareevenslimmer.
Servisní metody
Cloudserviceprovidersbuildallnetworkinfrastructureandsoftwareandhardwareoperationplatformsneededforinformatizationforsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises,andareresponsibleforallearlyimplementationandlaterForaseriesofservicessuchasmaintenance,companiesdonotneedtopurchasesoftwareandhardware,buildcomputerrooms,andrecruitITpersonnel.Theyonlyneedtopayaone-timeprojectimplementationfeeandregularsoftwarerentalservicefeesinadvancetoenjoytheinformationsystemthroughtheInternet.
Serviceproviderscanensurethesecurityandconfidentialityofeachcompany’sdatathrougheffectivetechnicalmeasures.Theeffectofthecloudservicemodeladoptedbytheenterpriseisbasicallythesameasthatoftheself-builtinformationsystemoftheenterprise,butitsavesalotofmoneyforpurchasingITproducts,technologyandmaintenanceandoperation,anditcanbeusedlikewaterwithatap,anditisconvenienttouseinformatization.System,therebygreatlyreducingthethresholdandriskofinformatizationofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises.
Technické aspekty
EnterprisesnolongerneedtobeequippedwithITprofessionalandtechnicalpersonnel,andatthesametime,theycangetthelatesttechnologyapplicationstomeettheirneedsforinformationmanagement.
Meziinvestice
Enterprisesonlyinvestinarelativelylow"monthlyfee",withoutaone-timeinvestment,anddonotoccupytoomuchworkingcapital,thusalleviatingthepressureofinsufficientfunds;Noneedtoconsidertheproblemofcostdepreciation,andcangetthelatesthardwareplatformandthebestsolutionintime.
Meziúdržba a správa
Becausetheenterpriseadoptsthemethodofrentingforlogisticsbusinessmanagement,itdoesnotneedspecializedmaintenanceandmanagementpersonnel,nordoesitneedtopayadditionalcostsformaintenanceandmanagementpersonnel.Toalargeextent,itrelievesthepressureonthehumanandfinancialresourcesoftheenterprise,sothatitcanconcentratethefundsforeffectiveoperationofthecorebusiness.
Funkce služby
AccordingtothedefinitionoftheNationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology,cloudcomputingservicesshouldhavethefollowingfeatures:
Samoobsluha na vyžádání.
Použijte jakékoli síťové zařízení pro přístup kdykoli a kdekoli.
Zdrojový fond sdílí více lidí.
Rychlá flexibilita nasazení.
Služby, které lze sledovat a měřit.
Itisgenerallybelievedthattherearealsothefollowingcharacteristics:
Basedonvirtualizationtechnology,rapiddeploymentofresourcesoraccesstoservices.
Snižte zátěž při zpracování na uživatelském terminálu.
Snižte závislost uživatele na IT odbornosti.
Servisní formulář
Cloud computing lze zvážit tak, aby zahrnoval následující úrovně služeb:služby na úrovni infrastruktury (IaaS), služby na úrovni platformy (PaaS) a služby na úrovni softwaru (SaaS). Takzvaná úroveň je zde "úroveň" ve smyslu architektury architičtějšího systému.
IaaS
IaaS(Infrastructure-as-a-Service):Infrastructureasaservice,consumerscanuseInternetObtainservicesfromacomprehensivecomputerinfrastructure.IaaSisabusinessmodelthatallocateshardwareresourcessuchasdatacentersandinfrastructuretousersthroughtheWeb.
PaaS
PaaS(Platform-as-a-Service):Platform-as-a-Service.PaaSactuallyreferstothesoftwaredevelopmentplatformasaservice,whichispresentedtousersinthemodeofSaaS.Therefore,PaaSisalsoanapplicationoftheSaaSmodel.However,theemergenceofPaaScanacceleratethedevelopmentofSaaS,especiallythedevelopmentofSaaSapplications.PaaSservicesenablesoftwaredeveloperstodevelopnewapplicationswithoutpurchasingaserverandotherequipmentenvironments.
SaaS
SaaS(Software-as-a-Service):Softwareasaservice.ItisamodeofprovidingsoftwarethroughtheInternet,usersdonotneedtobuysoftware,butrentthesoftwarebasedonWebfromtheprovidertomanagethebusinessactivitiesoftheenterprise.
TheSaaSmodelgreatlyreducesthecostofsoftware,especiallylarge-scalesoftware,andbecausethesoftwareishostedontheserveroftheserviceprovider,itreducesthecustomer’smanagementandmaintenancecostsandhashigherreliability.
Záležitosti outsourcingu
Withtherapiddevelopmentofcloudtechnology,moreandmorecompaniestransferdatatothecloud,butthecloudserviceoutsourcingbusinessisnotasitseemsonthesurfaceSimple,evenifanenterpriseoutsourcescloudservicestoacloudserviceprovider,itisimpossibleto"getitrightonceandforall."Infact,herearesomeofthethingssummarized.
Problémy s řízením:
Řízení provozu produktu;
Prevention&propermaintenance;
Řízení kontinuity služeb;
Správa licencí;
Služby vývoje aplikací.
Podmínky výběru
Threemajorconditionsforselectingcloudcomputingservices
Cloud-baseddatacentershavemultipleadvantagesandaregraduallybecomingenterpriseapplicationsAsageneraltrend,companieschoosingtoadoptacloud-baseddatacentershouldconsiderwhethertheserviceprovidermeetsthefollowingthreekeypoints.
Firstofall,cloud-baseddatacenterserviceprovidersmusthaveanexcellentcloudbackbonenetworktoensuresmoothandsafedatatransmission.Forexample,thefirst-linegroupcannotonlyprovideMPLSdedicatedlinenetworkservices,butalsoprovidecloud-baseddatacenterservicesatthesametime.Formanycross-regionalenterprises,inadditiontotheneedfordataservices,theyalsoneedtosolvetheproblemofcommunicatingwithbranchofficesaroundtheworld.Therefore,stablenetworkqualitymustbeakeyconsideration.
Secondly,whetherthecloudarchitecturedatacenterisflexibleenough,andwhetheruserscanchoosetodeploydifferentcloudresourcesatanytimetomeettheirownneeds.Takingthefinancialindustryasanexample,thedailystockmarkettradinghoursarethebusiest,andclouddatacenterssometimesneedtoimprovetheirperformanceinashortperiodoftimetomeetvariousunexpectedneeds.
Finally,thequestioniswhethertheserviceproviderprovidessimpleandeasy-to-usesoftwaresothatcorporatepersonnelcanstayintheofficeandcontrolalltheoperationsofthedatacenterbythemselves,justlikemanagingaphysicaldatacenter.
Požadavky na síť
Enterprisesshouldbeabletoprotectspecificnetworksegmentsindifferentwaystomeettherequirementsofdataflowingthroughthenetwork.
Enterprisesshouldbeabletoprovidenetworkpriorityforspecificapplicationsanddatapassingthroughthenetwork.
Enterprisesshouldhaveapplication-awarenetworks.Privateclouds,publicclouds,andtraditionalsystemsusethenetworkindifferentways,dependingontheapplication,data,anduserinterface,howtheyinteractwitheachotherandhowtheyinteractwithcloudservers.
Implementace služby
Designinganend-to-endsecuritymeasureforcloudcomputingimplementationcanstartwiththedevelopmentofasecurestrategicplan.Theresultofthisstrategicplanistoformtheadministrativeandmanagementcontrolmeasuresneededtoprotecttheorganizationfinanciallyandlegally.
Theprotectionofcloudcomputinginfrastructurecanbeginbyprovidinggovernance,policiesand/orrules,policyenforcement,andcontrolmeasurestoensurehowinformationisprotected.Therearemanywaystodesignanddeliversuchastrategicplan.
Theprotectionofcloudcomputingcanstartwiththeestablishmentofmanagementcontrolmeasures:businessmodelandstrategy.Onceverified,thepurposeofthesecontrolmeasuresistoformmanagementcontrolmeasures:policies,procedures,standardsandguidelines.Thesecontrolmeasureswillformadevelopmentroadmapandtacticsforselectingandimplementingtechnicalcontrolmeasures,including:securitycontrolmeasuresandcompliancewithbusinessstrategies.Thisisamodelthatpromotesend-to-endsecurityforcloudcomputingprovidersandcustomers.
Stav vývoje
CloudcomputingservicescontinuetooccupytheITarena,makingtraditionalITgraduallyloseitsoriginalrelevance.Inordertokeepupwiththedevelopmentofcloudcomputingservicesandenableenterprisestomaintainstrongercompetitiveness,alargenumberofenterpriseshavebeguntotransformintothecloud.HerearefivetipstohelpcompaniessuccessfullytransformfromtraditionalITtoaprocess-drivenorganization.
Asmoreandmorecompaniesadoptcloudcomputingservices,andmoreandmoreservicevendorsestablishcloserelationships,somereliablecloudcomputingservicesinthepastcannolongermeettheirneeds.Theoldmodelwhodecidestousetheas-a-serviceproductlacksclearownership,sothatitisdifficulttocrossthetraditionalITtowerstructure.
Cloudcomputingserviceteamsneedtounderstandrelatedprocesses,nottechnology,suchasinfrastructureorapplications.Inprocess-drivenITorganizations,people’smainfocusisonbehaviorsthathavelong-termbenefitstotheorganization,Andclarifyjobresponsibilitiesandimproveefficiency.
Servisní dohled
1.Monitorwebandworkloadperformance.Thefirststepinensuringtheperformanceofaprivatecloudiscompliancewithstandards,whichrequiresconstantmonitoring.Fortunately,therearesomegridandapplicationperformancemonitoring(APM)toolsthatcanhelpwiththistime-consumingtask.
2.Controlworkloadspreadandresourceusage.Cloudsprawlorexcessiveprovisionofcloudserviceswillexhaustresourcesandcausehugeperformanceproblems—especiallyinthelongrun.
3.Designthecloudnetworkforflexibility,andbereadytoreturnatanytime.Aswitheverythingelse,asolidfoundationandplancanensurefuturesuccess.Whendesigningyourprivatecloudnetwork,makesureitispreparedtofacetheinevitablefailuresanddisasters.Redundancyisthekeytothisdesign.
4.Qualifiedcandidatepubliccloudvendors.Inresearchingpotentialcloudproviders,theworkofcloudadministratorshasneverstopped.Companiesshouldcontinuetoevaluatethecompatibilityofnewandexistingcloudvendorswiththeapplicationsintheirworkloads,justtopreventthingsfromhappeningandtopreventvendorreplacement.