развитие
Countriesintheworldregardthedevelopmentofnewmaterialsasanimportantaspectofeconomicdevelopmentandtechnologicalprogress.Variousnewtextilefibersareusedasimportantmaterialsintoday'shigh-techfields.Theglobalmarketfornewfiberproductsexceeds100billionU.S.dollarsandhasbecomeoneofthenew"strategicpillarindustries"inthetextileindustry.
Thenewtextilefiberindustryhasthecharacteristicsofhightechnologycontent,largemarketscale,wideindustrycoverage,andsignificantpullingeffect.Atthesametime,thenewgenerationofnewfibertechnologyisalsoanimportantpartofthedevelopmentofemergingindustriesduringmycountry's"TwelfthFive-YearPlan"period.Vigorouslydevelopthenewtextilefiberindustryandachievebreakthroughsinkeytechnologiesandindustries,whichwillhelpenhancethecorecompetitivenessofmycountry'stextileindustryandpromoteindustrialtransformation.Theupgradeisofgreatsignificance.
Newfibersusedinknitwearindustryaccountedfor80%,andhouseholdtextilesaccountedfor20%.mycountry'snewfibermarketisnotonlylarge,buttheaverageprofitrateofitsproductsisrelativelyhigh,1-2timesthatofpurecottonproducts.Sinceitsmainproductionmaterialisanewtypeoffiber,thehugefluctuationsincottonpriceshavebasicallynegligibleimpactoncorporateprofits.Allrelevantenterprisesshouldpayattentiontothedevelopmentofnewtextilefiberindustrywhileimprovingthetextilefiberindustrychain,scientificallygraspthetrendandrhythmoftechnologicaldevelopment,anddeployhigh-techresearchinadvance,andstrivetorealizetheleapfromfollowingdevelopmenttoleadingdevelopmentinmycountry’stextileindustry.
Преглед
Концептуални характеристики
1.Definition:Fiberisanaturalorsyntheticfilamentoussubstance,andtextilefiberreferstowhatisusedtoweavecloth.fiber.
2.Characteristicsoftextilefiber:textilefiberhasacertainlength,fineness,elasticity,strengthandothergoodphysicalproperties.Italsohasgoodchemicalstability.Forexample,naturalfiberssuchascotton,wool,silkandhempareidealtextilefibers.
Основна класификация
Textilefiberclassification:naturalfiberandchemicalfiber.
①Naturalfibersincludeplantfibers,animalfibersandmineralfibers.
Растителни влакна като памук, коноп, плодови влакна.
B Животински влакна като вълна, заешка козина, коприна.
C минерални влакна като азбест.
②Chemicalfibersincluderegeneratedfibers,syntheticfibersandinorganicfibers.
Регенерирани влакна като вискозни влакна, ацетатни влакна.
B Синтетични влакна като: найлон, полиестер, акрил, спандекс, винилон, полипропилен, полихлорид
Неорганични влакна като: стъклени влакна, метални влакна и др.
4. Текстилни свойства на обикновени текстилни влакна:
(1) Вълна: абсорбция на влага, еластичност, износоустойчивост са добри, не са устойчиви на насекоми, багрила, свързани с киселина и метал.
(2) Коприна: добра абсорбция на влага, дишане, блясък и износоустойчивост, подходяща за киселинни и директни багрила.
(3) Памук: дишащ, абсорбиращ влага, подходящ за носене, устойчив на насекоми, подходящ за директна, редуцираща, азо, алкална среда, сяра и реактивни багрила.
(4) Вискозно влакно: хигроскопичност, добра въздухопропускливост, ярък цвят, богат източник на суровини, ниска цена, близко до природата естествено влакно, приложимите багрила са същите като памука.
(5) Полиестер: плат, твърд, хладен, добро запазване на формата, устойчивост на абразия, стабилност на размерите, лесен за пране и сушене, подходящ за дисперсни багрила, диазодисперсни багрила, разтворими багрила във вода.
(6) Найлон: особено добра устойчивост на износване, слаба въздухопропускливост, подходящ за киселинни и насипни багрила.
(7) Акрилни влакна: добри пухкави, пухкави на усещане, подходящи за дисперсни и катионни багрила.
(8) Винилон: Най-добрата абсорбция на влага, обикновено се използват въжета, рибарски мрежи и др.
(9) Полипропилен: най-леката текстура, устойчив на абразия, издръжлив и не се набива на топки.
(10) Хлор: не е лесен за изгаряне, често се използва за плетено бельо, плюш, промишлен филтърен плат, работно облекло и др.
(11) Спандекс: най-висока еластичност, голямо удължение, висока еластичност, често използвани чорапогащи, но не е оцветен и има най-ниска якост.
Идентификация
Идентификацияmethod
Theidentificationmethodsincludehandfeel,visualinspection,combustionmethod,microscopemethod,dissolutionmethod,drugcoloringmethodandinfraredspectroscopy,etc..Inactualidentification,itisoftennecessarytousemultiplemethodstoobtainresultsaftercomprehensiveanalysisandresearch.
Идентификацияsteps
A.First,usethecombustionmethodtoidentifynaturalfibersandchemicalfibers.
B.Ifitisanaturalfiber,usemicroscopeobservationtoidentifyvarioustypesofplantfiberandanimalfiber.Ifitisachemicalfiber,thedifferenceinmeltingpoint,specificgravity,refractiveindex,andsolubilityofthecombinedfiberwillbedistinguishedonebyone.
C.Whenidentifyingblendedfibersandblendedyarns,amicroscopecangenerallybeusedtoconfirmthatitcontainsseveralfibers,andthenuseappropriatemethodstoidentifythemonebyone.
D.Fordyedorfinishedfibers,dyeingstrippingorotherappropriatepretreatmentsaregenerallyrequiredtoensurereliableidentificationresults.
Recommendationofportablemicroscopeformicroscopyidentificationmethod
Comparedwiththetraditionalidentificationtooldesktopmicroscope,theidentificationoftextilefiberscanonlybelimitedtotheexperiment,butnotuniversalFactoryworkshops,farms,andtradedeliverysites,whiletheinspectionandidentificationoftextilefibersaregenerallycarriedouton-siteidentificationinfactoriesorfarms.PortablemicroscopesarenowmainlyAnytyportablemicroscopes,whosecuttingcangivetextilefibersThedetectionandidentificationprovidethelateston-sitedetectionandidentificationresults.
Thevaluebroughtbytheon-sitemicroscopetotextileidentification:
1.Datasharing;AnytyportablemicroscopeisgenerallyintegratedWiththefunctionofdigitalimaging,thedataobservedbythemicroscopecanbepresentedtoallpeoplepresentatthesametime,facilitatingdiscussionandcommunication.
2.Portabilityandsimpleoperation;Anytyportablemicroscopehasstrongportability,easytocarry,andsimpleoperation,whichcanbreakthroughthelimitationsoftimeandspace,andcanbecarriedoutinrealtimeinanyoccasionObservationisdifferentfromtheimmovabilityoftraditionalmicroscopes.
3.Inheritance,becausetheAnytyportablemicroscopehasthefunctionoftakingphotosandvideos,theimagesdetectedatanytimeandanywherecanbestoredandbackedup,Theidentificationresultofeachpicturecanbecomeanaccumulationofexperience,andprovidereferencematerialsforthenextappraiser!
Характеристики на горене
Свойства на горене на обикновени влакна:
Thenear-flamephenomenonoffibersintheflamewillsmellashesafterleavingtheflame
Theflameburnsandburns.Thereisafterglow.Burningpapersmell.Ashesarerarelyfineandsoft.Greyblackflocculent
Thehairmeltsawayfromtheflameandmeltsandburns.Itisdifficulttoburnandself-extinguishing.Fragile
Thesilkmeltsawayfromtheflame.Thesilksoundisdifficulttocontinueburningandself-extinguishing.Singeingtasteisfragileandbrittle.Fluffyblackparticles.
Nylonsoftensandshrinks.Blueflame.Flavorlightbrowntransparentroundbead-likenoteasytobreak
Полиестер почти на пламъктопящ се, капещ, бълбукащ, продължително горене, слаб аромат, твърд кръгъл черен, светлокафяв, забележки лесен за счупване
Горене, бързо горене, пръскане, пикантен вкус, крехко, неправилно, тъмнокафяво, блоково или сферично, крехко
Метод на изчисление
Текстилни влакна, изчисление на фиността на преждата:
Система с фиксирана дължина:
TEX:Theweightofa1000-meter-lengthyarnataconstantmoistureregainiscalledaspecialnumber.
Формула: TEX=(G/L)*1000
където: G е теглото на преждата (грамове) и Списъкът на дължината на преждата (метри)
Denier (Denier): Теглото в грамове на 9000 метра дълга silkata с възстановена влажност се нарича дение.
Формула: NTEX=(G/L)*9000
където: G е теглото на преждата (грамове) и Списъкът на дължината на коприната (метри)
Система с постоянно тегло:
Метрична сметка (публична сметка): дължината на 1 грам прежда (коприна) в метри, която е публичната сметка на преждата (коприна).Ä
Формула: NM=L/G
Къде: Избройте дължината (ярдове) на преждата (коприна) и Gis теглото (lbs) на преждата (коприна)
p>Брой инчове (английски брой): Броят на 840 ярда дължина на 1 паунд прежда на британския брой на преждата.
Формула: NE=(L/G)*840
където: Списък на дължината на преждата (коприна) (метри) и G теглото на преждата (коприна) (грамове))
Общи суровини
Чиста памучна прежда: 36TEX(16S),28TEX(21S),18*2TEX(32S/2),15TEX(40S),14*2TEX(42S/2),10*2TEX(60S/2)
развитиеstatus
Chinaisabigcountryintheproductionandexportoftextiles.Afteryearsofdevelopment,theChinesetextileindustryhasaverycompetitiveadvantage.Obviously,withtheworld'smostcompleteindustrialchain,thehighestlevelofprocessingandsupportingfacilities,theself-adjustmentabilityofmanydevelopedindustrialclusterstorespondtomarketriskshasbeencontinuouslyenhanced,whichprovidesasolidguaranteefortheindustrytomaintainasteadypaceofdevelopment.
Fromtheperspectiveoftheinternationalenvironment,thereisstillmuchroomandopportunityforexpansionintheinternationalmarket.WiththeexpirationofChina-EUtextilequotasattheendof2007andtheendofChina-UStextilequotasattheendof2008,theeraofquota-freetextilesinChinaisapproaching,andregionsthataccountformorethan60%oftheglobaltextilemarketwillbefullyopenedup,whichwillbringtoChina'stextiletrade.Greatopportunity.Inthenextfewyears,theworldeconomywillstillbeintherisingrange,whichwillsurelypromotethegrowthofinternationaltrade,whichwillbringfavorableinternationalmarketprotectiontothegrowthofChina'stextileandapparelexports.
Fromtheperspectiveofthedomesticeconomicenvironment,domesticdemandwillbecomeanimportantdrivingforceforindustrygrowth.About80%ofChinesetextilesareconsumeddomestically.Withthesustainedandrapidgrowthofthedomesticeconomy,thesteadyincreaseinresidents'incomewillstimulatethefurtherdevelopmentofthedomesticdemandmarket.
Chinesetextilecompaniesshouldovercomethedifficultiesofrisingrawmaterials,appreciationoftherenminbiandadjustmentofexporttaxrebates,seizeopportunitiesinthedevelopmentofthetextileindustry,increaseindustrialconcentration,curbtheblindexpansionofinefficientproductioncapacity,andincreasespecialtyindustriesTheconstructionoftheparkwillstrengthenthepaceofindependentinnovation,enhancethebrandbuildingofChina'stextileindustry,andcarryoutindustrialadjustmentsandupgrades.MakeChinafromatextilepowertoatextilepower.
Въпроси и отговори
Въпрос: Каква е концепцията за въртене на влакната?
Answer:Textilefibersarerelatedtoyarnqualityandspinningdifficulty.Thecomprehensivephysicalpropertiesarecalledspinnability.Undernormalproductionconditions,thebetterthespinnabilityofthefiber,thebetterthequalityoftheyarn,andtheeasierthespinningprocess.Thespinningmethodsaredifferent,thequalityofthespunyarnandtherequirementsforthespinnabilityofthefiberarealsodifferent.Thespinnabilityofmodernspinningyarnsisevaluatedbasedonproductqualityandtechnicalandeconomicindicators.Thevariousindividualphysicalpropertiesofthefiberalludetoitsspinnability.
Length:Whenthenaturalfiberislongandtheregularityisgood,theyarnhashighstrength,uniformevenness,smoothsurfaceandlesshairiness.Lengthisanimportantfactorindeterminingspinnability.Inadditiontothelengthofthemainbody,theshortfibercontenthasagreaterimpactonthestrengthofthespunyarnandtheuniformityofthesliver.Thelengthanduniformityofchemicallycutfibercanbecontrolled.Toolonglengthwillnotimprovethequalityoftheyarn,butwillcauseprocessingdifficultiesandincreaseyarndefects.
Fineness:finefiber,uniformyarnevennessandhighstrength.Butthefiberistoothin,thefiberiseasytotwistandformneps,nepsandotherdefectsduringprocessing.Thefiberisthick,thefabricisstiff,abrasion-resistantandelastic.Forrelativelycoarsenaturalfiberssuchaswoolandhemp,finenessisthemainfactordeterminingspinnability.Woolfibersdeterminetheirspinnablecountsaccordingtotheirdiameter.Finenessisalsothemainbasisforwoolgradeassessment.
Strength:Itisthemostimportantfactorthatdeterminesthestrengthoftheyarn.Whenotherconditionsremainunchanged,thehigherthefiberstrength,thehighertheyarnstrength.
Impuritiesanddefects:Impuritiesanddefectsaffectthespinningprocessandproductquality.Althoughthereareimpurityremovalmeasuresinthespinningprocess,theimpurityremovalprocesswillcausefurthersplittingofimpuritiesandnewdefects.Therefore,thehigherthecontentofimpuritydefectsintherawmaterial,theworsethespinnability.
Sugar,cottonwaxincottonfiber,hempglueinhempfiber,etc.willaffectthespinnabilityofthefiber,therebyaffectingthespinningprocessandproductquality.
Fibercrimping,fiberfrictionandelectricalconductivitywillaffectthespinnabilityofthefiber.
В: Какъв е принципът на дозиране на памук?
Answer:Therulesforbatchinglintcottonaremoredetailed.Thebatchtype,ginningmethod,mainbodygrade,lengthgrade,andmainmicronaireleveloflintcottonshouldbethesame.Thetypeherereferstowhitecotton,yellowcotton,andgraycotton;theginningmethodreferstorollercottonandserratedcotton.
Theoriginalstandardstipulates:"Inthesamebatchofcotton,34%ofadjacentgradecottonisallowed.Whenthisnumberisexceeded,itshallbepricedseparately."Inordertoimprovethequalityofcotton,thenewstandardstipulates:"Inthesamebatchofcotton,cottonthatcrossesthemaingradeisnotallowed;theproportionofcottonofthegradeadjacenttothemaingradeshallnotexceed20%.Thosewhodonotconformshouldbesortedoutornegotiated."Thenewstandardabolishestheunreasonable"34/66"regulationsoftheoriginalstandard,whichisalsooneofthemajorreformsofthenewstandard.
Here,"Thosewhodonotmatchshouldbesortedoutornegotiatedanddealtwith"herefortwosituations.Forapairofvisainspections,whencottonbatchesareassembled,iftheinspectionfindsthatthegradedoesnotmeettherequirementsofthenewstandard,itshouldbesortedoutsothatthebatchofcottongradescanmeetthestandardrequirementsbeforethecertificatecanbegroupedandapproved.Forexample,themaingradeisgradethree,andgradetwoandgradefourcottonareallowed,andthesumofgradetwoandgradefourshallnotexceed20%.Inthisbatchofcotton,nogradesotherthangradetwo,threeandfourareallowedOfcotton.Whenthecottoncertificateisissued,oncethereisacross-subjectgradeofcottonorthesumofthesecondandfourthgradesexceeds20%,itisrequiredtopickupandarrangetomakethebatchofcottongrademeetthestandardrequirements.Second,foruserinspection,iftheuser'sinspectionfindsthatthequalityofcottondoesnotmeetthestandardqualityrequirements,itshouldbedealtwiththroughconsultationwiththesupplier.Ofcourse,ifthenegotiationfails,youcanapplytoaprofessionalfiberinspectionagencyforinspection,andtheinspectioncertificateissuedbytheprofessionalfiberinspectionagencyshallprevail.
Batchofcottoncanbecertificatedseparately,andthecottonafterthecertificateiscalculatedaccordingtotheinspectionresultsoftheoriginalcertificate.Itisnotappropriatetoagreebetweenbatches.Whenacertificateisrequiredforsporadiccotton,thetype,ginningmethod,mainbodygrade,lengthgradeandmainmicronairelevelmustbethesame.Thedifferenceinmoistureregainbetweenthebagandtheroomisnomorethan1%,andthedifferenceinimpuritycontentisnomorethan0.5%.Alltheaboveconditionsmustbemetbeforethecertificationcanbecombined,otherwisethecertificationcannotbecombined.Themoistureregainrateandimpuritycontentrateaftercertificationarecalculatedaccordingtotheweightedaverageofthenetweight.
Въпрос: Как да намалим разходите за сглобяване на памук?
Answer:Intermsofequipment:maintainingthenormalmechanicalstateofeachprocessistocorrectlyhandlethecontradictionbetweenimprovingqualityandsavingcottonImportantpremise.Especiallyforthecontradictionbetweennepsandimpuritiesandsavingcotton,the"fivequickandonestandard"cardingandneedlegrindingoperationmethodmustbemaintained.Thisisanextremelyimportantbasicworkthatmustbepaidcloseattentiontofrequently.Inaddition,strengtheningthenoiltestandtimelyoverhaulingthecleaningandcardingnoilmachineinresponsetothenoilsituationisalsoaregularmeasuretosavecottonfromtheaspectofequipment.
Intermsof занаятчийство
1.Improvethecleaningefficiencyandnoilcontentrateofeachblowerandcardingmachine.Thenoilcontentrateofthecleaningmachines(exceptthecottonboxmachinery)isrequiredtobecontrolledatmorethan60%.Ifitislow,therewillbewhitening.Thecleaningefficiencyofthecleaningmachineisrequiredtoreach65%,andthenoilmixingrateofthecarbellyafterthecardingmachineisrequiredtoreach40%.Ifitislow,therewillbewhitening.Thetotalremovalefficiencyofthecardingmachineisrequiredtoreach92%ormore.Ifitfailstomeettherequirements.Measuresmustbetakentoimprovetheprocessandmachinery.
2.Accordingtotheperformanceofrawcotton,thecleaningandcardingcanbearthenoilreasonably.Ifthematurityoftherawcottonisgood,thefinenessisrelativelythick,therearefewsmalldefectsandalotofcoarseimpurities,itissuitableforclearingthecottonwithmorefall:cardedcottonhaslessfall;onthecontrary,iftherawcottonhaspoormaturity,fineness,andmanysmallimpuritiesbutfewlargeimpurities,Thecleaningcottonshouldnotbedroppedtoomuch,itisbettertocardthecottontoomuch.
3.Reducetheproductionofshortlintintheprocessesofcleaning,combing,sliveringandthickening.Shortlintisproducedduringthegrowthofcottonandbadginningprocess,butitwillcontinuetobeproducedduringthevariousprocessesofcottonspinning.Thecleaningprocessproducesabout1%,andthecardingprocessproducesabout3%.ThisisNormalphenomenon,iftoomuchlintisproducedduetopoormechanicalconditionandimproperprocessdesign(eveninthethicksliverprocess),itwillcausetoomuchflying,increaseinslubs,deteriorationofsliver,andyarnbreakageIncreasesandotherills,whichaffecttheoutput,qualityandcostoftheproduct.Therefore,itisnecessarytostudyhowtoreducetheincreaserateofshortlintasmuchaspossibleinthevariousprocessesofcottonspinning,andmainlygraspthefollowingtwolinksintermsofmechanicalconditions:(1)Theblowandcardingelementsoftheblowingandcardingmachinesaresharpandsmooth.,Thedistanceiscorrect;(2)Reducethechanceofsqueezing,returningandhittingback.
Intermsofoperation
Startingfromcleaningandunpacking,whethertheoperationsofeachprocessandeachtypeofworkarecarriedoutinaccordancewiththeoperatingprocedures,notonlyforthequality,butalsowithThecostimpactisgreat.Forexample,excessivebloomingisoftencausedbypooroperation,whichwillincreasethecostoflaborandpower.Whenchemicalfiberandpurecottonareblended,thecorrectcontrolofthespecifiedblendingratioisoftenrelatedtotheoperation.Iftheblendedproductsandpurecottonproductsareaccidentallymixed,causingqualityaccidents,theproblemisevenmoreserious.
При третирането на отпадъци от памук
Reuseandreusecottonreasonably.Replacerawcottonwithreusedcotton,whichisoneoftheimportantwaystoreducethecostofcotton.Theso-calledrationalreuseandreuseofcotton,firstlyreferstotheneedtobeprocessed,andsecondlyreferstotheamountofrecycledcottontobecontrolled,soasnottoaffectthequality.Generally,theimpurities,harmfuldefects,neps,linters,etc.inthereusedcottonareproperlyremovedbeforereuse.Somecanbereusedintheoriginalexpenditure,andmostcanbereducedandreused.Thisincludesneedle-cutting,combingnoil,net-bellyflowerthatcanbereusedforlow-thicknessyarn,top-qualitybrokenseeds,etc.Whenarrangingtheplan,asmallnumberofmachinescanbeusedtospincoarseyarnorsub-brandyarn,sothatthereusedcottonproducedbytheenterprisecanbereusedintheenterpriseasmuchaspossible,whichwillreducetheamountanduseofcottonusedbytheentireenterpriseCottoncostsarebeneficial.
Strictlymanagethetemperatureandhumidityoftheprivateroom.Thetimeandfrequencyofmoistureregaindeterminationshouldbedeterminedaccordingtothepackagingtimeandfrequency,especiallyinthecaseofhighatmospherichumidity.Boththeelectricmoistureregainmeterandthescalemustbecheckedfrequently,andadedicatedpersonshallberesponsiblefortheweighing.Itisalsoveryimportanttomeasureandcorrectthefixedlengthoftheyarnframe.Dotheaboveworktoavoidweightloss.
Q:Howabouttheperformancetestandspinnabilityofnaturalcoloredcotton?
Answer:Althoughnaturalcoloredcottonhasalonghistoryofplanting,itisduetoitslowyieldandfiberlength.Duetoshortcomingsandlowstrength,thedevelopmenthasbeenslowforalongtime.Inrecentyears,withhumanbeingsadvocatingenvironmentalprotection,healthandenergyconservation,asmoderngeneticengineeringtechnologyiswidelyusedinbreedingtechnology,thecomprehensivequalityofnaturalcoloredcottonhasbeensignificantlyimprovedandimproved.
Onthewhole,themicronairevalueofnaturalcoloredcottonvarietiesislower,thefinenessisfiner,andthebreakingstrengthislower.Thecontentofneps,cottondustandimpuritiesareobviouslyhigher,butthereisnoobviousdifferenceinmaturity;mostofXinjiangnaturalcoloredcottonhasgoodphysicalandmechanicalpropertiesandcomprehensivequality,andhasgoodspinnability.
Amongthefournewcolorcottonvarietiesthathavebeenfinalized,thebrownlineXinCaimianNo.1andthegreenlineXinCaimianNo.3havegoodlength,fineness,lengthuniformityandmaturity.Thequalityisbetter,thespinnabilitycoefficientishigher,andthespinnabilityisbetter.
ThebestphysicalandmechanicalpropertiesofXinjiangnaturalcoloredcottonisZayou224.Exceptfortheimpurityanddustcontenthigherthanordinarywhitecotton,theotherindicatorsareclosetoorbetterthanordinarywhitecotton.Inparticular,the2.5%spanlengthindexofthefiberisnotonlysuperiortoordinarywhitecottonvarieties,butalsoclosetonewvarietiesofwhitecotton,whichhasgoodcomprehensivequalityandspinnability.
ThepooreroverallqualityofXinjiangnaturalcoloredcottonisGreen402.Itsfiberlengthistheshortest,thelengthistheworst,theshortfibercontentbelow16mmisthehighest,thestrengthisthelowest,thequalityispoor,andthespinnabilityisbetter.Low,needsfurtherimprovement.
Repeatwashingprocesscandeepenthecolorofnaturalcoloredcotton.Browncottonhasamoreuniformcolorthangreencotton.Whenexposedtosunlight,thecolorofbrowncottonwilldeepen,whilegreencottonwillfade.
Въпрос: Химичните влакна ще заменят ли естествените влакна?
Answer:Cotton,hemp,silk,andwool,asthefourmajornaturalfibersinthetraditionalsense,havebeenusedinthehistoryofclothing.Thousandsofyearsofhistory.Beforethe1980s,naturalfibersstillmonopolizedthehigh-endapparelfabricmarket.However,sincethelate1980s,thestatusofsyntheticfiberproductshasgraduallyincreasedduetoimprovementsintheperformanceofchemicalfibers,especiallysyntheticfiberfabrics,intermsofthermal,wetcomfort,handfeel,glossandappearance.Theappearanceandwearabilityofsomechemicalfiberimitationcotton,silkandwoolproductsaresimilartothoseofnaturalfiberfabrics,andsomewearpropertiesareevenbetterthannaturalfibers.Therefore,itisdeeplylovedbyconsumers.Therapidgrowthofchemicalfiberproductionhascausedtheproportionofnaturalfibertodecline,butitstillaccountsformorethanhalfoftheproportion.
Willnaturalfibersbegraduallyreplacedbychemicalfibers?Infact,consumerspsychologicallyprefernaturalfibers.Aslongastheperformanceisnotlowerthanchemicalfiberproducts,consumerswillchoosenaturalfiberproducts.However,naturalfabricscannotstayattheoriginallevelofdevelopment.Naturalfiberfabricsarebeingimprovedanddevelopedfromthefollowingaspects.
1.Genemutationandperformanceimprovement:Thecombinationofnaturalfibersandgeneticengineeringhaschangedthetruecolorsofnaturalfibers,expandedtheapplicationrangeoffibers,andincreasedtheircompetitivenesswithchemicalfibers.Forexample;throughhybridization,geneticmutationandothermeans,developedcoloredcottonwithnaturallightyellow,green,pinkandothercolors;theShanghaiInstituteofPlantPhysiologyandEcology,ChineseAcademyofSciencesusedkeratingenesisolatedfromrabbitstotransferintocotton.Thecottonfiberhasthequalityofrabbithair:thedevelopmentofcoloredwool,RussiaandAustraliahavebredcoloredsheep,thecolorsofwhichare:blue,red,yellowandbrown.Theemergenceofthesecoloredmaterialswillundoubtedlybringrevolutionarychangestothetextileindustry.Mexicohascultivatedanultra-longcottonvarietywithparticularlylongfibers,goodneatness,softtouchandbeautifulluster.Japanisusingthisultra-longfibertomakehigh-endfabricsandclothing.
2.Fiberblendingandimprovedwearability:Duetothedifferentpropertiesofnaturalfibers,man-madefibers,andsyntheticfibers,theyallhavecertainadvantagesanddisadvantages,andtheresourcesofnaturalfibersarelimited.Fiberdrawsonitsstrengthstomakeupforitsweaknesses,greatlyimprovingtheusabilityoftheproduct.Forexample:woolcanbeblendedwithavarietyoffiberstomeetavarietyofneeds.Woolblendedproductswithawoolcontentoflessthan35%canimpartcertaincharacteristicstotheblendedfabric.Blendedfabricswithhighwoolcontentaregenerallyblendedwithwoolandothernaturalfibers.
3.Payattentiontofinishingandhighlightindividualization:naturalfibercotton,wool,silkandotherfabricsaresandwashedthroughphysicalorchemicalmethodstoachievelightnessandsoftness;naturalfibersareprintedanddyedtoproduceQualitychanges,suchassandingfinishingtomaketheproductfeeldelicate,washingwithbiologicalenzymefinishingtomakeitsofttothetouch,deepfinishingtomakethefabricwaterproofandbreathable,andshapememoryfinishingtomakethefabricshrink-proofandwrinkle-proof.Sothatnaturalfiberscanachievethefunctionsofcomfortablewearing,antibacterial,anti-ultraviolet,disinfection,anti-mold,mothproof,etc.,hasbecomeanewgrowthpointofnaturalfibersandamajortrendinthedevelopmentofnaturalfiberfabrics.
Four.развитиеandapplicationofbiologicalenzymes:Thedevelopmentandapplicationofbiologicalenzymesisasuccessfulcombinationoftextileandbiotechnology.Itisaspecialenzymeagentforvariousfibers,suchascellulose.Enzymesandproteasescangreatlyincreasetheeffectivenessoffinishingandreduceenvironmentalpollution.Forsomefabricswovenwithpoorqualitycottonyarn,properenzymewashingprocesscanbecarriedouttoreducethehairandfluffoftheyarnwithoutdamagingthefabric,therebymakingupforthelackofcottonyarnqualitytosomeextent;inaword,,Theenzymewashingprocessisnotonlysimple,butalsomoderateincost.Withbleaching,brightening,andsoftfinishing,itcanwashoutdifferentstylesanddifferentgradesoffabrics.