Въведение
Whetheryouuseyoursmartphonepctosurftheinternet, yourmobilephoneorpcwillbeassignedanipaddress и themobilephoneorpcwillusethisipaddressdresstocommunicate withtheinternetcommunicateandexchangeinformation withothernetworksonteinternet.Therearetwomajortypesofipaddresses, ipv4andipv6 и най -голям тепадресесиран ареапсидресдреси.
Характеристика
IPv4ISTHEABBREVIATIONOFINTERNETPROTOCOLVERSION4, което има значение, че ефункционирането.Thevastmajorityofcommunicationtrafficontheinternetisencapsulateintheformatofipv4dataPackets.IPv4isDescribedIndetailinietfpublicationrfc791.
Ipv4uses32-bitbinaryAddresses, sothereareonlyabout4.3billionaddresses.Първоначално, EveryUserConnectedTotheinternethastobeassignedAnipv4Address.Следователно, therearefewerandfeweRunassignedipv4addresses, в резултат на което епел -.InorderToFundamentallySolveTheProbleMofipv4Addressexhausttion, IPv6CameIntobeing.
IPv4ISUSUSULATERTITENDINTEDDECIMALNOTATION, SUCHAS192.168.0.1, TheenumbersareAllDecimalnumbers, отделени бизолидии.
Anipv4AddresscanbedividedIntotwoparts: networkaddressandhostaddress.ThenetworkAddresscanbedescribedInthefollowingForm: 192.168.0.0/16, thenEtenumberAfterTheSlashIndicateSthatTheLengthOfTheTeworkAddresspartis16bit, thiscorrepondysto2bytes, thatis, thenworkAddresspartis192.168.0.0.
Класификация
InordertofacilitateMangagementofipaddresses, според tothefirstByTeOftheipv4Address, IPv4AddressescanbedividedIntothefollowingFiveCateGories.
Тип: 0 ~ 127
TypeB: 128 ~ 191
Класически: 192 ~ 223
Клас: 224 ~ 239, Адрес на многоадрес
Класи: 240 ~ 254, резервиран ForresearchAndTestuse
Therearesomeaddresssegmentsintheipv4addressthathathespecialuses.TheОписаниеoftheeseaddressgentsandandtheirusesisshownintable1.
Маса 1
Обхват | Описание |
10.0.0.0/8 172.16.0.0/12 192.168.0.0/16 | PrivateNetworkipv4Address, който може да бъде използван, officeandtheinternallanoftheenterprise.TheoriginalintentionofdesigningprivateNetworkipv4addressesistoalleviatetheproblemofipv4Addressexhausttion. |
169.254.0.0/16 | Линк-локален, linklocaladdressylymeaningfulinacerinetworkworksmegment, therouterwillnotforwardippacketswithetheaddressoflink-локален. |
127.0.0.0/8 | Loopback, използван forloopbackTest |
224.0.0.0/4 | Ipmulticastaddress |
240.0.0.0/4 | Резервиран ForresearchTestuse |
255.255.255.255 | Broadcastaddress |
Свързани разлики
TheDifferencebetweenipv4addressandipaddressthespecificdifferencesareasfollows:
1.Ipv4isaversion, andipisabigConcept, и теаресионентическиялични.
2.Theipv4AddressiStheIntranetipofTheRadioandtelevisionnetwork.
3.TheDifferencebetweenclassa, classb и andclasscaddressesinipaddresses.TheLengthoftheipaddressdeterminestheipv4AddressSpaceandDeterMinestHelimitedAddress.
4.IpincludesprivateNetworkip, publicnetworkip, ipv4, ipv6.