Въведениепреглед
Какво име на домейн
Регистрацияofdomainnamesfollowstheprincipleofapplyingfirst,registeringfirst,andmanageswhetherthedomainnameproposedbythecertificationauthorityagainsttheapplicantviolatesathirdpartyTherightnottoconductanysubstantiveexamination.TheregistrationofeachdomainnameintheCDCdatabaseisuniqueandnon-repeatable.Therefore,thedomainnameontheInternetisarelativelylimitedresource,anditsvaluewillgraduallybevaluedbypeopleasthenumberofregisteredenterprisesincreases.
Intheneweconomicenvironment,thecommercialsignificanceofdomainnamesisfargreaterthanitstechnicalsignificance,andithasbecomeanimportantmeansforenterprisestoparticipateininternationalmarketcompetitionundernewscientificandtechnologicalconditions.ItnotonlyrepresentsTheuniquepositionofanenterpriseontheInternetisalsoacomprehensivemanifestationofitsproducts,servicescope,image,andgoodwill,andisapartofitsintangibleassets.Atthesametime,thedomainnameisalsoanintellectualachievement.
Intheearlystageofdomainnameregistration,manydomainnameswerenotregisteredinrealtime.Directlysubmittingdomainnameregistrationqueriesarereal-timesettlementandreal-timeregistrationissuccessful.Thisreal-timenatureismainlytodealwiththeincreasinglyseriousphenomenonofdomainnamecybersquatting.Theownerofthedomainnameregistrationisbasedontheinformationthatthedomainnameregistrationsubmitterfillsinthedomainnameorder.Aftersuccessful24hours,youcanquerythewhoisinformationattheinternational(ICANN)anddomestic(CNNIC)managementagencies(whoisinformationisthedomainnameownerAndotherinformation).
История на имената на домейни
Usinganame,thenumericaddressofahostonacomputernetwork,asimpleandmemorableabstractapproachcanbetracedbacktotheeraofARPANET,Beforetheadventoftoday'scommercialInternet.Intheearlydaysofthenetwork,eachcomputeronthenetworkretrievedthehostfile(host.txt)fromacomputerinSociallyResponsibleInvestment(SRIInternational).Itmapsthehostnameofthecomputerwithanumericaddress.Withtherapidgrowthofthenetwork,itisimpossibletomaintainacentrallyorganizedhostnameregistry,theARPANEToftheDomainNameSystemin1983,RFC882andRFC883issuedbytheInternetEngineeringTaskForce.
Име на домейн, време на създаване, обхват на използвано описание
.top:Приложимо за всичкипредприятияИлични,английски думи,простиилесни за запомняне,което означава "висок клас,най-високо ниво",повишаване на стойността на марката,е предпочитаното име на домейн за изграждане на фирмен уебсайт и интернет приложения.
.xyz:Asthelastthreelettersofthealphabet,themeaningofthecombinationisflexibleandtherearenorestrictions.Anycompanyorindividualcanregisterfortheendof.XYZdomainname.
.com-forcommercialorganizations,butthemostcommonlyusedwithoutlimitation,isfamiliarandusedbymostpeople
.net-January1985,originallyusedbynetworkserviceproviders,norestrictionsnow
.org-January1985,originallyusedbyothergTLDtypesOrganizationaluse,norestrictionsnow
.edu/.gov/.mil-January1985,forU.S.educationalinstitutions/U.S.governmentagencies/U.S.militaryagencies.
Регистрация
1.ItcancontainEnglishletters(az,case-insensitive),numbers(0-9),andthehalf-widthconnector"-"(thatis,thehorizontalline),spacesandspecialcharacters(suchas!,$,&,?,etc.)cannotbeused;2,"-"cannotappearconsecutively,cannotberegisteredseparately,andcannotbeplacedatthebeginningorend;3,upto63characterscanberegistered.
Режим
Domainnamesareoftencomparedtorealestate.Onthebasisofthisdomainname,youcanbuildawebsite(suchasresidentialorcommercialbuildings)andthehighest"quality"domainname,likeasought-afterrealestate.Theytendtocarrysignificantvalue,usuallyduetotheirpotentialforonlinebrandbuilding,usedinadvertising,searchengineoptimization,andmanyothercriteria.Thereareseveralcompaniesthatprovidelow-cost,low-costorevenfreedomainnameregistrationwithvariousmodelstorecovercostsfromsuppliers.Theseusuallyrequireadomain,withinaframeworkhostedontheirwebsiteoraportalsite,includingadvertisingaroundthecontentofthedomainnameholder,therevenueallowstheprovidertorecoverthecost.
Мениджърска агенция
Международен домейн
Themostcommondomainname.)TheInternetCorporationforAssignedNamesandNumbersisanon-profitinternationalorganizationestablishedinOctober1998.Itisanon-profitinternationalorganizationthatgathersexpertsinthebusiness,technology,andacademicfieldsoftheglobalnetworkcommunity.ItisresponsiblefortheInternetProtocol(IP)addressspaceallocation,protocolidentifierassignment,gTLDandnationalandregionaltop-leveldomain(ccTLD)systemmanagement,androotserversystemmanagement.TheseserviceswereinitiallyprovidedbytheInternetAssignedNumbersAuthority(IANA)andotherorganizationsunderaUSgovernmentcontract.ICANNperformsthefunctionsofIANA.
ButICANNisnotresponsiblefordomainnameregistration.ICANNonlymanagesitsauthorizeddomainnameregistrars.ThereisalsoaVerisigncompanybetweenICANNandtheregistrar.TheregistrarisequivalenttowholesaledomainnamesfromVerisign.TheorganizationthatmanagestheregistrarisICANN.
Характеристика
TheareaincludestheNationalBureauofLettersandCallswiththecorrespondingstandardISO3166-1countrycode.Onthecontrary,theyaretheonlytop-leveldomainname,consistingoftwoletters.
TheresponsibilityoftheInternetNumberAssignmentAgency(IANA)forthecreationandmanagementofnationaldomainnamedelegations.IANA'sInternetCorporationforAssignedNamesandNumbers(ICANN)isanintegralpartofthehighestauthoritythatregulatestheInternet.
Китайско име на домейн
CNNICisthemanagementagencyofCNNICdomainname.CNNICauthorizedregistrar.ThereisnocompanylikeVerisignbetweenCNNICandregistrar.TheregistrarisdirectlyfromCNNIC.Wholesaledomainnames.
GenericTop-Level
Thereare8generictop-leveldomains,whicharenowcommonlyreferredtoasinternationaldomainnames.SincetheInternetwasoriginallyoriginatedintheUnitedStates,theearliestdomainnamesdidnothaveacountrylogo.Peopledividedthemintoseveralcategoriesaccordingtotheiruses.Theyendedwithdifferentsuffixes:.com(forcommercialcompanies);.top(Forcommercialcompanies);.net(usedfornetworkservices);.org(usedtoorganizeassociations,etc.);.gov(usedforgovernmentdepartments);.edu( usedforeducationalinstitutions);.mil(usedformilitaryapplications));.int(forinternationalorganizations).TheoriginaldomainnamesystemwasalsomainlyusedbytheUnitedStates.Therefore,Americancompanies,institutions,governmentdepartments,etc.used"internationaldomainnames".WiththedevelopmentoftheInternettotheworld,.edu,.gov,and.milaregenerallyonlyusedbytheUnitedStates.Inadditiontoexclusiveuse,theotherfourcommonlyuseddomainnames.com ,.top,.org и.ne са станали универсални. Следователно този тип име на домейн обикновено се нарича "име на международен домейн" и все още се използва от страни по света.
Географски домейн от първо ниво
Географски домейн от първо нивоnamehasatotalof243countryandregioncodes.Forexample,.CNrepresentsChinaand.UKrepresentstheUnitedKingdom.Inthisway,thedomainnamewiththesuffixof.CNiscalled"domesticdomainname"accordingly.Similartothesuffixnamingofinternationaldomainnames,second-leveldomainswithdifferentmeaningsarealsosetupunderthe.cntop-leveldomainname,mainlyincludingcategorydomainsandadministrativeregions.Thisiswhatisusuallycalledasecond-leveldomainname:itcanbein.com,cnor.net,cnandothersecond-leveldomainnamesregisteredatthethirdlevel,thethird-leveldomainnamescanbedividedintotwocategories:categorydomainnamesandadministrativedivisiondomainnames.Categorydomainnamesareclassifiedaccordingtothenatureoftheapplicantorganization,including:ACscientificresearchinstitutions,COMindustrial,commercial,financialandotherenterprises,EDUeducationalinstitutions,GOVgovernmentdepartments,NETInternet,andaccessnetworkinformationcenter(NIC)AndOperationCenter(NOC)),ORGandvariousnon-profitorganizations.
Ниво на име на домейн
Имената на домейни могат да бъдат разделени на различни нива, включително имена на домейни от първо ниво, имена на домейни от второ ниво, имена на домейни от трето ниво и имена на домейни с код на държава.
Имена на домейни от първо ниво
Имената на домейни от първо ниво са разделени на две категории
Едно е национално име на домейн от най-високо ниво (nTLD), с повече от 200 държави. На всички са присвоени имена на домейн от най-високо ниво в съответствие с кодове на държави по ISO3166. Например, Китай, САЩ, Япония, и т.н.;
Thesecondisinternationaltop-leveldomainnames(iTDs),forexample,.Comand.topofindustrialandcommercialenterprisesindicate.netofnetworkprovidersand.orgofnon-profitorganizations.Mostdomainnamedisputesoccurunderthetop-leveldomainofcom,becausemostcompaniesgoonlineforprofit.Inordertostrengthendomainnamemanagementandresolvetheshortageofdomainnameresources,internationalorganizationssuchastheInternetAssociation,theInternetSub-addressingAgencyandtheWorldIntellectualPropertyOrganization(WIPO)havenegotiatedextensivelytobuildontheoriginalthreeinternationalgenerictop-leveldomains:(com).Added7internationalgenerictop-leveldomains:firm(companyenterprises),store(salescompaniesorenterprises),Web(unitshighlightingWWWactivities),arts(unitshighlightingculturalandentertainmentactivities),rec(highlightingpastimesandentertainmentactivities)Theunit),info(unitsthatprovideinformationservices),nom(individuals),andselectnewregistrarsaroundtheworldtoacceptdomainnameregistrationapplications.
Име на домейн от второ ниво
Името на домейн от второ ниво се отнася до името на домейна под името на домейна от най-високо ниво. Под името на международния домейн от първо ниво се отнася за онлайн името на регистранта на името на домейна, като sibm, yahoo, Microsoft и т.н.; под името на националния домейн от първо ниво е символ, който представлява категорията на регистрирани предприятия, като stop, gov, comnet, и др.
Thetop-leveldomainnameofficiallyregisteredandoperatedbymycountryintheInternationalInternetNetworkInformationCenter(InterNIC)isCN,whichisalsomycountry'sfirst-leveldomainname.Underthetop-leveldomainnames,mycountry'ssecond-leveldomainnamesaredividedintocategorydomainnamesandadministrativeregionnames.Thereare6categorydomainnames,includingacforscientificresearchinstitutions;comandtopforindustrialandcommercialfinancialenterprises;eduforeducationalinstitutions;govforgovernmentdepartments;netforInternetInformationCenterandOperationCenter;Orgfornon-profitorganizations.Thereare34administrativeregions,correspondingtoprovinces,autonomousregions,andmunicipalitiesinmycountry.
Име на домейн от трето ниво
Thethird-leveldomainnameiscomposedofletters(A～Z,a～z,uppercaseandlowercase,etc.),numbers(0～9)andhyphens(-),Thedomainnamesatalllevelsareconnectedbyarealdot(.),andthelengthofthethird-leveldomainnamecannotexceed20characters.Ifthereisnospecialreason,itisrecommendedtousetheapplicant'sEnglishname(orabbreviation)orChinesePinyinname(orabbreviation) тъй като името на домейн от трето ниво трябва да запази яснотата и стегнатостта на името на домейна.
Код на държавата
Код на държаватаtop-leveldomainnamesconsistingoftwoletterssuchas.cn,.uk,.deand.jparecalledcountrycodetop-leveldomains(ccTLDs),where.cnisatop-leveldomainnamededicatedtoChina,anditsregistrationismanagedbyCNNIC.Thesecond-leveldomainnamesendingin.cnarereferredtoasdomesticdomainnamesforshort.Therulesandpoliciesforregisteringsecond-leveldomainnamesundercountrycodetop-leveldomainsarerelatedtothepoliciesofdifferentcountries.Whenregistering,youshouldconsultthedomainnameregistrarandaskabouttherelevantregistrationconditionsandregistration-relatedterms.Inadditiontoprovidingregistrationservicesfordomainnamesendingin.com,.top,.netand.org,somedomainnameregistrarsalsoprovidetheregistrationofcountrycodetop-leveldomainnames.ICANNdoesnotspecificallyauthorizeregistrarstoprovideregistrationservicesforcountrycodetop-leveldomains.
Стъпки на приложението
1.Prepareapplicationmaterials:comdomainnamedoesnotneedtoprovideIDcard,businesslicenseandothermaterials,cndomainnameisopenforindividualapplicationregistration,soyouneedtoprovideIDcardorbusinesslicense.
2.Findadomainnameregistrationwebsite,andrecommendGuguInternet.Sincedifferentsuffixessuchas.comand.cndomainnamesaremanagedbydifferentregistries,ifyouwanttoregisterdomainnameswithdifferentsuffixes,youneedtogetfromtheregistryLookfortop-leveldomainnameregistrarsauthorizedbyit.Forexample,themanagementagencyofthecomdomainnameisICANN,andthemanagementagencyofthecndomainnameisCNNIC(ChinaInternetNetworkInformationCenter).IftheregistrarhaspassedthedualauthenticationofICANNandCNNIC,thereisnoneedtoapplyfordomainnamesfromotherregistrars.
3.Querydomainname:Afterthedomainnameregistrationquerywebsiteregisteredusernameissuccessful,andquerythedomainname,selectthedomainnameyouwanttoregister,andclickregister.
4.Formalapplication:Afterfindingthedomainnameyouwanttoregister,andconfirmingthatthedomainnameisinanapplicablestate,submittheregistrationandpaytheannualfee.
5.Theapplicationissuccessful:Aftertheformalapplicationissuccessful,youcanstarttoenterDNSresolutionmanagement,setresolutionrecordsandotheroperations.
Правила за именуване
Имена на COM домейни
BecausealllevelsofdomainnamesontheInternetaremanagedbydifferentinstitutions,thewaysinwhicheachinstitutionmanagesdomainnamesanddomainnamesThenamingrulesarealsodifferent.However,therearesomecommonrulesforthenamingofdomainnames,mainlyasfollows:
First,thedomainnamecanonlycontainthefollowingcharacters:
1,26 Английски букви: A-Z
2,"0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9"десет числа
3,"-"(конюнкцияinEnglishNumber)
2. Правилата за комбиниране на знаци в името на домейна:
1. В името на домейна не се разграничава случаят на английски букви.
2.ForadomainnameTherearecertainrestrictionsonthelengthofthe
Име на CNдомейн
1. Следвайте всички общи правила за именуване на домейни.
Two.Intheearlydays,cndomainnamescouldonlyberegisteredforthird-leveldomainnames.StartingfromDecember2002,CNNICopenedtheregistrationofsecond-leveldomainnamesunderdomestic.cndomainnames,allowingdirectregistrationofdomainnamesunder.CN.
3.NewlyregisteredИме на CNдомейнsafter9o'clockonDecember14,2009needtosubmitreal-nameregistrationmaterials(relevantcertificatesoftheregisteredorganizationandtheregisteredcontactperson).
Four,Namesthatmaynotbeusedorrestricted,andrequiredmaterials
1. Регистрацията съдържа "CHINA", "CHINESE", "CN", имената на домейни с думи като "NATIONAL" трябва да бъдат официално одобрени от съответните национални отдели (отнасящи се до звена над министерското ниво).
2.Thenamesofothercountriesorregions,foreigngeographicalnames,andinternationalorganizationnamesknowntothepublicshallnotbeused.
3.Thefullnameorabbreviationoftheadministrativedivisionnameatorabovethecountylevel(includingthecountylevel),theregistrationmustbeformallyapprovedbytherelevantpeople'sgovernmentatorabovethecountylevel(includingthecountylevel).
4.Industrynamesorcommonnamesofcommoditiesshallnotbeused.
5.EnterprisenamesorbrandnamesthathavebeenregisteredinChinabyothersmustnotbeused.
6. Не трябва да се използват имена, които са вредни за страната, обществото или обществените интереси.
Materialdescription:Approvedformallybyrelevantstatedepartments(referringtounitsatorabovetheministeriallevel)andformallyapprovedbytherelevantpeople'sgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevel(includingcountylevel)meansthattherelevantagenciesmustissuewrittendocumentstoexpresstheirconsentXXXXTheorganizationregisterstheXXXdomainname.
Свързана информация
Ситуация с преглед на име на домейн
Thedomainnameyouhaveregisteredmustmeetthefollowingrequirementsinordertopassthereview:(1)Thedomainnamemustmeet"ChinaInternetDomainNameManagementMeasures"(OrderNo.30oftheMinistryofInformationIndustry);(2)domainnameregistrationinformationmustmeettherequirementsofauthenticity,accuracyandcompleteness,andbeabletopassthedataverificationofthenationalauthority;(3)applicationmaterialsItmustmatchtheregistrationinformationinthe"WHOISQuery"system.Theregularreviewtimeis5workingdaysfromthetimethedomainnameissubmittedonline.First,theregistrarconductsapreliminaryreviewofthedomainnameregistrationinformationandmaterials.Afterthedomainnamehasbeenreviewedbytheregistrar,theregistrarwillsubmittheapplicationmaterialstoourcenter,andourcenterwillreviewthedomainnameregistrationinformationandmaterials.Youcanfollowtheprogressandstatusofyourdomainnamereviewthroughtheregistereddomainnameusercenterorthroughtheregistrartowhichthedomainbelongs.
StatusQuoofDomainNames
Inordertoimprovetheauthenticity,accuracyandcompletenessofdomainnameregistrationinformation,andtofurtherstrengthenthereviewofdomainnameregistrationinformation,CNNICissuedanoticeontheeveningofDecember11,2009：
1.Whensubmittinganonlinedomainnameregistrationapplicationtoadomainnameregistrar,usersshouldsubmitwrittenapplicationmaterials.Theapplicationmaterialsincludethedomainnameregistrationapplicationform(original)withofficialseal,businesslicenseororganizationcodecertificate(copy),andidentitycertificateoftheregisteredcontactperson(copy).
2.Thedomainnameregistrarshouldcarefullyreviewthewrittenapplicationmaterialssubmittedbyusers,andafterpassingthereview,submitthewrittenapplicationmaterialstoourcenterbyfaxoremail,andretainthewrittenapplicationmaterials.
3.IfCNNIChasnotreceivedthewrittenapplicationmaterialswithin5daysfromthedateofsubmittingtheonlineapplicationforthedomainnameorthedomainnameapplicationmaterialsdonotmeettherequirements,thedomainnamewillbecancelled.
4.Theaboverequirementswillbeimplementedat9amonDecember14,2009.
5.The.Име на CNдомейнwillstartat0:00onMay29,2012.Anynaturalpersonororganizationthatcanindependentlybearcivilliabilitycanapplyfortheregistrationofadomainnameunderthetop-leveldomainnamespecifiedintheserules,thatis,domainnameThesubjectofregistrationisextendedtonaturalpersons.
Предпазни мерки
Afterthedomainnameregistrationiscompleted,whatshoulduserspayattentionto?
InordertoensurethatdomainnameholderslegallyholdthedomainnameandlegitimatelycarryoutthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofInternetapplications,remindyoutopayattentiontothechangesofdomainnameinformationafterregistrationtoensurethatthedomainnameregistrationinformationistrue,accurateandcomplete.
1.Checkwhethertheregistrationinformationofdomainnameregistrationiscorrectthroughthe"WHOISquery"systemofourcenterwebsiteorthewebsiteofregistrar;
2,iftheregistrationinformationchanges,suchastheregistrant,Theregistrant’scontactperson,contactinformation,etc.,shallpromptlynotifythedomainnameregistrartomakechangestoensurethevalidityofthedomainnameregistrationinformation;
3.Thepasswordisusedasavalididentifierforthedomainnamebusiness,pleaseYoushouldkeepproperlythemanagementpasswordprovidedtoyoubytheregistrarforthemanagementandmaintenanceofthedomainnameandthetransferpasswordforchangingtheregistrar;
4.Keepintouchwithyourregistrar,Toensurethatitcanberenewedontimethroughtheregistrar;
Accordingtothe"ChinaInternetNetworkInformationCenterDomainNameРегистрацияImplementationRules",theexpirationdateofthedomainnameeachyearisthesameastheapplicationdate.Therenewalconfirmationperiodis30daysafterthedomainnameexpires.Ifyouindicateinwritingnottorenewthefeewithintheabove-mentionedperiod,thedomainnameregistrarhastherighttocancelthedomainnameafter30days;ifyoudonotindicateinwritingthatitwillnotreneworrenewthefeewithintheabove-mentionedperiod,thedomainnameregistrarhastherighttoexpireattheendoftheabove-mentionedperiodThedomainnamewascancelledontheday.
Ролята на името на домейна
Domainnameisthewayforthenetnametoaccessthewebsite,andtheКитайско име на домейнisthedomainnameexpressedinChinese.FromthebirthoftheInternetuntilnotlongago,ithasbeentheeraofEnglishdomainnames.However,Chinesepeoplestillhavetheirowntypinghabits.Inthepast,mostofthecompany’swebsitesweredirectlyaccessedorsearchedintheBaidusearchbox.Thelatterneededtoenterthecorporatewebsite.VisitBaidu.
Брой имена на домейни
Inthethirdquarterof2012,thenumberofglobalInternetdomainnameregistrationsincreasedbymorethan5million;asofSeptember30,2012,alltop-leveldomains(Top-LevelDomains)Thetotalnumberofdomainnameregistrationsexceeds246million.Inthethirdquarterof2012,thenumberofnewdomainnamesworldwidewas5.7million,anincreaseof2.4%comparedtothesecondquarterof2012.ThismarkedtheseventhconsecutivequarterofglobalInternetdomainnameregistrationgrowthratesthatexceeded2%.Sincethethirdquarterof2011,thenumberofglobaldomainnameregistrationshasincreasedby26.4million,anincreaseof12%.
Atthesametime,thisquarter,thetop-leveldomains.comand.netachievedoverallgrowth.Thetotalnumberofthelatest.comand.netregistereddomainnamestotalednearly119.9million,anincreasefromthesecondquarterof20121%,anincreaseof7.1%comparedtothesameperiod.AsofSeptember30,2012,thetotalnumberof.comdomainnameregistrationswas105million,andthetotalnumberof.netdomainnameregistrationswas14.9million.
Често задавани въпроси
Идентификация на име на домейн
Theconceptofdomainnameowneranddomainnamemanagementcontactisdifferent.InthedomainnameWHOISsearchresultsprovidedbyanyfirst-levelregistrar,thefirstitemisRegistrant,whichisthedomainnameregistrantandthedomainnameowner.Theseconditemisdomainnamemanagementcontacts,followedbydomainnametechnologyandpaidcontacts.Thedomainnameownercanrequesttofillinthesecontactsashimselfwhenregistering,andleavehise-mailaddress.Butthishasleftahiddendangertosecurity.Thereasonisasfollows:thedomainnameownercanapplyformodificationoftheregistrationinformationexceptthedomainnameitselfandthedomainnameownerthroughthedomainnamemanagementcontactortechnicalcontact.Onwhatbasisdoesthefirst-leveldomainnameregistrarjudgewhetheramodificationapplicationisgenuineorfromthedomainnameowner?Thecriterionforjudgingiswhethertheemailaddressoftherequestisconsistentwiththeemailaddressofthedomainnamemanagementcontactintheregistrationinformation.Becauseofforgery,thismethodistheleastreliable.Inordertoimprovesecurity,NSIandothersadvocateuserstoadoptPGPencryption,thatis,itrequiresrelevantcontactstosendtheirpublickeytoNSIinadvance,andthenelectronicallysigneachmessagetoshowtheauthenticity.InviewofthefactthatmostdomainnameregistrantsinChinaarenotfamiliarwithPGPorotherpasswordencryption,andmostКитайско име на домейнconsumersarenotgoodatforeignlanguages,theyarecontactedbyInternetcompaniesinthemiddle,eliminatingtheircommunicationbarriers.Ifyouwanttochangethedomainnamemanagementcontacttoyourself,itisalsopossible.
Ефективно време
Fortheonlinepre-registeredinternationaldomainname,theregistrarcantakeeffectafterreceivingtheregistrationfeeorfaxpaymentvoucherandconfirmingit,butafteryoupre-registeronlineDuringyourpaymentperiod,thedomainnameyouselectedmayberegisteredsuccessfullybyotherregistrars,soitisrecommendedthatyoupayassoonaspossibletoavoidlosingyourvaluabledomainname.
функция
EachcomputerhasoneormoredigitaladdressesusedtomarkthelocationofthecomputerontheInternet,calledIPaddresses.Thiskindofpositioningsystemismoreboringanddifficultforhumanstoremember.Ifyouhaveadomainname,youdon'tneedtoremembertheIPaddress.
DNS
Domainnameserver(DNS)isusedtotranslatedomainnamesintoIPaddressesthatcomputerscanrecognize.Forexample,ifsomeonewantstovisitthewebsiteof"SpaceDomainNameNetwork,TaijiNetwork",DNSwilltranslatethedomainnameintoanIPaddress.Thismakesiteasyforthecomputertofindthewebserveroftheownerofthedomainname.Therefore,youcanalsobindthedomainnametothevirtualhostyouappliedfortoaccessyourwebsitenormally.
Права за управление на име на домейн
ICANNcomprehensivelymanagesDNS.Itcontrolstherootdomainandthendelegatestop-leveldomainstodomainnameregistries.SuchasccTLDsregistryItisthecorrespondingcountry.ICANNactsasacoordinatingconsultantfortheseregistries,butdoesnotparticipateindomainnameassignments,registrationspecificbylawsandotherregulations.Ontheotherhand,gTLDsaredirectlymanagedbyICANN,whichmeansthatalltermsandconditionsarejointlyformulatedbyICANNandvariousgTLDsregistries.
Becausetheleaseddomainnamehasanimportantinfluenceononlinebrandbuilding,advertising,searchengineoptimization,etc.,itcanberegardedasavirtualrealasset.
TheICANNParisAnnualMeetingpassedanimportantresolutiontorecognizeChineseastheInternet'stop-leveldomaincharacters.".中国"iswrittenintotheglobalrootdomainnamesystem.Thismeansthatnon-Englishdomainnamesuffixessuchas".中国"willappearontheInternetforthefirsttime,andКитайско име на домейнswillbeformallyintegratedintotheInternetasanationalsymbolofChinesecultureontheInternet.Thewritingof".中国"intotheglobalrootdomainnamesystemmeans:obtainingthesupportofmainstreambrowserapplicationsandrealizingdirectbrowseraccess.
Свързани операции
DomainNameSystem
ThedomainnamesystemisacoreserviceoftheInternet,whichservesasadistributeddatabasethatcanmapdomainnamesandIPaddressestoeachother,CanmakepeoplemoreconvenienttovisittheInternet,withouthavingtoremembertheIPnumberstringthatcanbedirectlyreadbythemachine.
Период на изтриване
1.Theinternationaldomainnamecanbesubmittedforrenewalwithin30daysofexpiration,butitisnotguaranteed;30-60daysaftertheexpirationistheredemptionperiod(redemptionPeriod)canberedeemedThefeeisredeemed,butthereisnoguaranteeofsuccess.60-75daysaftertheexpirationisthependingDeletestatus,whichcanonlybere-registeredafterwaitingfordeletion.
2.Iftheinternationaldomainnameenterstheredemptionperiod(REDEMPTIONPERIOD)aftertheexpiration,youcanonlychoosetoredeemitorwaitforthedomainnametobereleasedandthenre-register.
Правила за изтриване, подновяване и обратно изкупуване на местни имена на домейни от най-високо ниво (suchas.cn) след изтичане на регистрацията:
AccordingtotheChinaInternetNetworkInformationCenter(CNNIC),startingfromDecember20,2007,therenewalrulesofCNEnglishdomainnamehavebeenadjustedaccordingly:
IfCNEnglishdomainnameexpireswithoutrenewalbusiness,thedomainnamewillentertherenewalperiod,hereDuringthisperiod,theoriginalresolutionofyourdomainnamemaybesuspendeduntilyourenewitsuccessfully.Thefeecanberenewed30daysaftertheexpirationofcn.Iftherenewalisnotcompletedduringtherenewalperiod,thedomainnamewillenterahigh-pricedredemptionperiod,andthedomainnamestatuswillchangeto"pendingDelete",andoperationssuchasinformationmodification,transfer,andresolutioncannotbeperformed.Ifyoustillwantthedomainname,youneedtopayanotherfeeforthedomainnameredemptionaccordingtotheregulations;ifthedomainnameisnotredeemedduringtheredemptionperiod,thedomainnamewillbedeletedafter60-75daysaftertheendoftheredemptionperiod.
Domainnameswithdifferentsuffixeshavedifferentmeanings.Nowthemostpopulardomainnamecategoriescanbedividedintointernationaldomainnamesanddomesticdomainnames.Themaindifferencebetweenthetwoisthedomainnamedivisionmethodandthedifferentmanagementorganization.Toexplainwhatisaninternationaldomainnameandwhatisadomesticdomainname,wemuststartwiththedomainnamesystem.Therearethreetypesoftop-leveldomainsinthedomainnamesystemontheInternet:categorytop-leveldomains,geographictop-leveldomains,andnewtop-leveldomains.
Регистрация на име на домейн
1.Fordomainnameswithwebsites.(Domainnameswithoutawebsitedonotneedtobefiled)
2.SubmittherelevantinformationofthewebsitetotheMinistryofInformationIndustryofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.
ThepurposeofdomainnameregistrationistopreventillegalwebsitebusinessactivitiesontheInternetandcombatthespreadofbadInternetinformation.Ifthewebsiteisnotregistered,itislikelytobeshutdownafterinvestigation.Inaccordancewiththespiritofthe"MeasuresfortheAdministrationofRecordationofNon-commercialInternetInformationServices"deliberatedandapprovedbytheMinistryofInformationIndustryofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaatthetwelfthministerialmeeting,theprovisionofnon-commercialInternetinformationserviceswithintheterritoryofthePeople'sRepublicofChinashouldberegistered!Nonon-commercialInternetinformationservicemaybeconductedwithintheterritoryofthePeople'sRepublicofChinawithoutfiling.Forwebsitesthathavenotbeenfiled,theywillbefinedorshutdown.Filingreferstoreportingthemattertothecompetentauthorityforfilingforinspection.Fromtheperspectiveofadministrativelaw,inpractice,itismainlytheprovisionsofthe"LegislationLaw"andthe"RegulationsontheRecordofRegulations".
Резолюция на имена на домейни
Howtoseethecontentofyourwebsiteafterregisteringadomainnameiscalled"domainnameresolution"inaprofessionalterm.Asexplainedintherelatedterminology,thedomainnameandtheURLarenotthesamething.Afterthedomainnameisregistered,itonlymeansthatyouhavetherighttousethedomainname.Ifthedomainnameresolutionisnotperformed,thenthedomainnamecannotplayitsrole.Theresolveddomainnamecanbeusedasthesuffixofthee-mailaddressorasawebsiteaddresstovisityourownwebsite.Therefore,thenecessarylinkforthedomainnametobeputintouseis"domainnameresolution."Domainnameisasetofaddressconversionsystemspeciallyestablishedfortheconvenienceofmemory.ToaccessaserverontheInternet,itmustfinallyberealizedthroughIPaddress.Резолюция на имена на домейниistheprocessofre-convertingadomainnametoanIPaddress.AdomainnamecanonlycorrespondtooneIPaddress,andmultipledomainnamescanberesolvedtooneIPaddressatthesametime.Резолюция на имена на домейниneedstobecompletedbyadedicateddomainnameresolutionserver(DNS).ThedomainnameisconvertedintoanIPaddress,andthedomainnameisaworld.Inthedistributedhierarchicaldirectoryserviceofthousandsofservers,thenamespaceoftheInternetisdividedintoso-calledareas,andeachindependentadministratorisresponsible.Forlocalrequirements-suchasinacompany'snetwork-itisanindependentoperationalsoavailablefromtheInternetDNS.
Резолюционен принцип
Tounderstandwhydomainnameresolutiontakessolong,youneedtounderstandtheprocessofdomainnameresolutionandtheroleofDNSservers.
EverycomputerontheInternetisassignedanIPaddress,anddatatransmissionisactuallycarriedoutbetweendifferentIPaddresses.IncludingthecomputersweusewhensurfingtheInternetathome,wearealsoassignedanIPaddressafterweconnecttotheInternet.Inmostcases,thisIPaddressisdynamic.Inotherwords,whenyouturnoffthemodemandturnontheInternetagain,yourInternetaccessbusinesswillrandomlyassignanewIPaddress.
ThewebserverisessentiallyacomputerconnectedtotheInternet,buttheconfigurationismoresuitableasaserver,anditisplacedinthedatacentertomaintainalowtemperature,lowdustenvironment,andsecurity.TheseserversusefixedIPaddressestoconnecttotheInternet.Whenadomainnameisresolvedtoacertainserver,andthewebpagefileisplacedonthisserver,theuser'scomputerwillknowwhichservertogototoobtainthewebpageinformationofthisdomainname.Thisisachievedthroughadomainnameserver.
Whenabrowserentersacertaindomainnameinthebrowseraddressbox,orclicksalinkfromanotherwebsitetothisdomainname,thebrowsersendsadomainnamerequesttotheuser’sInternetaccessprovider,andthenTheDNSserverofthemerchantmustquerythedomainnamedatabasetoseewhattheDNSserverofthisdomainnameis.ThengrabtheDNSrecordfromtheDNSserver,thatis,toobtainwhichIPaddressthisdomainnamepointsto.AfterobtainingthisIPinformation,theaccessprovider'sserverwillgototheservercorrespondingtothisIPaddresstograbthewebpagecontent,andthentransmitittotherequestingbrowser.
Настройки на разделителната способност
A(Address)recordisusedtospecifytheIPaddressrecordcorrespondingtothehostname(ordomainname).Userscanpointthewebserverunderthedomainnametotheirownwebserver.Atthesametime,youcanalsosetthesecond-leveldomainnameofyourdomainname.
Youmustgotothedomainnamemanagementinterfaceoftheregistrartosetupacorrect,effectiveandstableDNS.Itmaytake12-72hourstomodifytheDNSattheregistrartobereflectedontherootserver.ThefullnameoftheTTLvalueis"TimeToLive",whichsimplymeansthetimethattheDNSrecordiscachedontheDNSserver.
MXrecordsarealsocalledmailroutingrecords.Userscanpointthemailserverunderthedomainnametotheirownmailserver,andthentheycancontrolallmailboxsettingsbythemselves.YouneedtofillintheIPaddressofyourserveronline,andallmailsunderyourdomainnamecanbeforwardedtothecorrespondingmailserversetbyyourself.
CNAMErecordisanaliasrecord.Thistypeofrecordingallowsyoutomapmultiplenamestothesamecomputer.UsuallyusedforcomputersthatprovideWWWandMAILservicesatthesametime.