Кибер политика

Изворофентри

От 90-те години на миналия век започнаха да се появяват някои понятия, свързани с мрежовата политика, като мрежова политика, виртуална политика, мрежова демокрация, онлайн политика, информационна политика, цифрова демокрация, електронна демокрация и др.

In1998,D.Roskofflinkednetworkpoliticswithrealpoliticsinhisarticle"NetworkPolitics:TheOriginalPowerintheTransformationoftheInformationAge".Hebelievedthateconomicpower,militarypowerandThethreepillarsoftheoriginalpower,suchaspoliticalpower,willberedistributedandnewformsandcharacteristicswillbeproducedinthetransformationoftheinformationage,andallthesechangescanbeattributedtothetransformationofinformationtechnology.

In2003,inhisarticle"TheRiseofInternetPolitics:HowtheInternetChangedInternationalPoliticsandDiplomacy,"D.PollièrebelievedthatИнтернетполитикаis"anattempttousethepowerfulpoweroftheInternettoshapeThediplomaticformofpolitics,culture,values​​andpersonalidentity".

"Networkpolitics",asthenamesuggests,cannotlivewithouttheroleoftheInternet.AlthoughpoliticsoriginatedinEuropemorethan2,000yearsago,theUnitedStates,whichgavebirthtoPoliticsdevelopedrapidly.ThenumberofnetizensintheUnitedStatesandthepenetrationrateofcomputersinhouseholdsrankfirstintheworld.AsfarasthestudyofИнтернетполитикаisconcerned,itisalsoinaleadingpositionintheworld.Atthesametime,Westerncountrieshavealsoseenawaveofresearchoncyberpolitics.

НаблюдениеИзследване

Интернетполитикаcanbeobservedfromthreedimensions,

Първата мрежова виртуална политика;

Thesecondistheroleandinfluenceofnetworkpoliticsonrealpoliticalsubjectsandotherfields;

ThethirdisrealpoliticalsubjectsandotherfieldsThecounteractionandinfluenceofvirtualpoliticsontheInternet.

ИнтернетполитикаmainlyreliesonnewsocialmediasuchastheInternetandWeibo.ThenumberofInternetusers,thepenetrationrateofcomputersinthefamily,andcitizens’informationandpoliticalliteracyhaveallbecomeimportantfactorsaffectingthedevelopmentofonlinepolitics.Thelocalmanagementandglobalgovernanceofnetworkpoliticshasbecomeakeyfactorinthehealthydevelopmentofnetworkpolitics.Cyber​​politicsprotectscitizens'rightstoknow,participate,express,andsupervise,promotetimelydisclosureofinformation,transparencyofgovernmentaffairs,andface-to-faceissues,soastopromotetheincreaseofgovernmentcredibility.

Asakindofdirectdemocraticpolitics,Интернетполитикаalsohasthephenomenonofchangingopinions,excessivedemands,divergentopinions,andlackofthought.Itneedstobecombinedwithindirectdemocracysuchasthedeliberationofthepeople’srepresentativestopreventgroupintensificationandindividualextremes.Theemergenceofismandcyberviolencehasformedareasonabledemocraticgovernancestructure.

Характеристики на входа

Директност

Inonlinepolitics,anyonewhohastheconditionstogoonlinecandirectlyexpresstheiropinionsanddemandsandcollectinformation,Theexpressionofopinions,policydialogue,consultationofrecommendations,organizationofactions,lobbyingfordecision-making,etc.,andvotingonvariouspoliticalandsocialissues,nolongerneedtoberepresentedbyothers,indirectlyexpressedwiththewilloftheactualpoliticalsubjectSexhasformedthetwopolesoftheinteractivepoliticalecology.Thiskindofdirectparticipationofcitizensinpoliticsisoneofthemostprominentfeaturesofnetworkpolitics.

Равенство

Inthevirtualspaceofonlinepolitics,theequalpoliticalrightsofeveryonewhohastheconditionstoaccesstheInternetcanbeguaranteed,andeveryonehastheequalrighttoparticipateinanddiscusspolitics.Onthebasisofnetworkcarriersandplatforms,aslongastheymeettherequirementsforpoliticalparticipationpermittedbylaw,thereisnodifferenceforallgroupsinsocietyandeachmemberofthegroup,whichfullyreflectsthepoliticaldemocracy,equalrightsandflatteningofnetworkpolitics.feature.Thisvirtualequalityiseasiertoachievethanequalityintherealworld.Atthesametime,thelowcostofInternetaccessandtheconvenienceofvirtualspacehaveevencreatedaneconomicenvironmentfortheequalityofonlinepoliticsforfree.

Пропускливост

Withthehelpofthedevelopmentofinformationtechnology,networkpoliticshasformedasocialforce,whichnotonlybringsrevolutiontoscienceandtechnology,butalsoweakensthetraditionalchecksandbalancesofthestateandpower.Infiltratedintoeconomic,political,military,social,cultural,diplomaticandotherfieldsandbroughtchangesinthesefields.

Удобство

Theubiquity,proximity,decentralization,convenience,andspeedofonlinemediamakepoliticalorganization,politicalmobilization,andpoliticalaspirationsveryeasyandquick,individualornicheThroughthebutterflyeffect,hisopinionsmaybewidelydisseminatedanduniversallysupported,therebyformingakindofpublicopinion,whichhasanimpactonactuallegislationanddecision-making.

Трансграничен

TheInternethasbrokenthroughthetraditionalisolationbetweenthefrontandtherear,thefirstlineandthesecondline,theinteriorandtheexterior,thenearestandtheremote,andenablesthepoliticalexpressionofcitizensandinterestandinterestgroupsAndinformationdisseminationhasbrokenthroughtheboundariesofinstitutions,industries,cities,regionsandevencountries,formingthecharacteristicsofspanningtimeandspace,infiniteubiquity,andgroupinteraction,andforminganewformofnetworkpolitics.Thecharacteristicsofnetworkpoliticshavecreatednewopportunitiesforinformationsecurityandalsoposesnewchallenges.

Изследователска категория

Whatcyberpoliticsdiscussesis:inthedevelopmentprocessofcybersociety,thenatureofcyberpoliticsandthelawofcontradictorymovementofitsdevelopmentandchanges;itsmainresearchscopeTherearethreelevels.Theyare:

Първо, виртуалните политически проблеми във виртуалното пространство: виртуални общности, виртуални правителства, виртуални нации, мрежови сили и т.н.

Second,theinfluenceofthenetworksocietyonthepoliticallifeofmankind:Theinfluenceofthenetworkonthepoliticalsystemisprominentinthatitischangingthecontentandformofpoliticaldemocracy;thenetworkposesaseverechallengetothecountry’spoliticalorderandpoliticalstabilityTheinfluenceoftheInternetongovernmentmanagementisprofound;theinfluenceoftheInternetoncontemporaryinternationalpoliticsisalsomultifaceted.

Third,thestatemanagementofthenetworksociety:toguidehumanbeingsthroughthecreationofnewpoliticalstructuresandspecificpoliticaloperationstomakebetteruseoftheInternettosendbackhumancreativityandcontrolovertheirowndestiny.

Текуща ситуация в Китай

TheimportantroleoftheInternetinthetransmissionofinformationandtheformationofpublicopinion,therecognitionoftheeffectivenessoftheInternetbyhigh-levelpoliticiansandtheinteractionwithnetizens,alltheseseemtoindicatethatChinahasalreadyFormedtheembryonicformofnetworkpolitics.

WhatisparticularlyimportanttoChina'spoliticalevolutionisthatnetworkpoliticshasthenatureofdemocraticpoliticsfromtheverybeginning.Ordinarypeople,aslongastheyhavetheabilitytoaccesstheInternet,cantheoreticallyobtainachanneltospeak,andhavetheopportunitytoexpresstheiropinionsandaspirationsonalllevelsofpublicaffairs.Aslongassuchopinionsanddemandsarehighlyuniversal,theymaygainwidespreadsupportandformakindofpublicopinion,whichmayhaveanimpactonactuallegislationanddecision-making.

Itmaybepreciselybecausetheactualdemocraticsystemisstillintheprocessofgradualimprovement.Therefore,comparedwithforeignpeople,ChinesenetizensareextremelyinterestedinpublicaffairsandИнтернетполитикаarealsorelativelydeveloped.Moreover,thiskindofonlinedemocracyisgenerallyadirectdemocraticsystem.Forsomepeoplewhoserightsandinterestshavebeeninfringed,andforsomepeoplewhocareaboutpublicaffairsbutlackpracticalexpressionchannels,onlinechannelsareveryattractive.High-levelofficials,especiallyHuJintao'saffirmationofInternetpublicopinion,willgiveИнтернетдемокрацияmoreroomforgrowth.

However,sincenetworkdemocracyisakindofdirectdemocracy,italsohastheinherentflawsofdirectdemocracy.Forexample,opinionsarechangeableandlackofthoughtfulness.Theinstitutionalarrangementsofthetraditionaldemocraticsystem,suchasthedeliberationofpeople'srepresentatives,cangenerallymakeupforthisdefect.Therefore,forthenetworkdirectdemocracytofunctionnormally,itneedstobebasedonotherinstitutionalarrangementsoftherepresentativedemocraticsystem.Networkdemocracyalonecannotsupportareasonabledemocraticgovernancestructure.Ofcourse,Интернетдемокрацияcanindeedpromotethesoundnessandmaturityofotherdemocraticsystemsthroughinformationtransparency,throughexertinginfluenceondeputiestotheNationalPeople'sCongress,andbyraisingtheissuesofmostconcerntothepublicinthepublicopinionspace.

Свързани новини

OnFebruary28,2009,PremierWenJiabaocametotheinterviewroomofChinaGovernmentNetworkanddiscussedwithnetizensonthefinancialcrisis,educationreform,medicalandhealthreformandotherissues.2hoursofonlinecommunication.PremierWenJiabao'sonlinecommunicationisanexampleofthenationalwillandthepeopleresonatingontheInternet.