Произходът на термина
OneofthedraftersoftheU.S.Constitution,AlexanderHamilton,establishedabankinNewYork(theBankofNewYork)aftertheUnitedStatesbecameindependent.Hehiredaprofessionalmanagertomanageit.BecausetheU.S.Constitutioncallsthepresident"ChiefExecutive"(meaningthehighestheadofgovernment),hecallsthatperson"ChiefExecutiveOfficer"andthereasonforadding"Officer"istodistinguishitfromthepresident.ThisistheworldThistermappearsforthefirsttime.
TheCEOisaccountabletothecompany’sboardofdirectorsandisoftenamemberoftheboardofdirectors.Havetheultimateexecutivepowerwithinthecompanyororganization.Inarelativelysmallcompany,theCEOmaybethechairmanoftheboardofdirectorsandthepresidentofthecompanyatthesametime,butinlargecompaniesthesepositionsareoftenheldbydifferentpeople,soastopreventindividualsfromplayingtoolargearoleinthecompanyandhavingtoomuchAtthesametime,itcanalsopreventconflictsofinterestbetweenthecompanyitselfandthecompany’sowners(thatis,shareholders).ThecorporateCEOsystemiscompatiblewiththemoderncorporatesystem.Underthemodernmarketeconomysystem,thecorporategovernancestructureofthemodernenterprisesystemgenerallyconsistsofthreeparts:thegeneralmeetingofshareholders,theboardofdirectors,andtheexecutivebodycomposedofseniormanagers.
Amongthem,thecompany'sexecutivebodyiscomposedofhigh-levelexecutiveofficials.Thesehigh-levelexecutiveofficers,thatis,high-levelmanagers,areemployedbytheboardofdirectors,andwithinthescopeofauthorizationoftheboardofdirectors,theyhavethepowerofmanagementandagencyoverthecompany'saffairs,andareresponsibleforhandlingthecompany'sdailybusinessaffairs.ThepersoninchargeoftheexecutiveagencyiscalledtheCEO,thatis,thechiefexecutiveofficer.TheCEOofanenterprisecanbethechairmanorvice-chairman,orthegeneralmanager.
Основни отговорности
Основните отговорности на изпълнителния директор са:
(1)Appointmentanddismissalofmanagers;(2)Executiveboardofdirectors’resolutions;(3)Presidingoverthecompany’sDailybusinessactivities;(4)Signingcontractsorhandlingbusinesswiththeauthorizationoftheboardofdirectors;theexecutiveteamundertheleadershipoftheCEOincludes:generalmanager,deputygeneralmanagers,departmentmanagers,chiefaccountant,chiefengineer,etc.Inforeigncountries,CEOsemergedonthebasisoftheestablishedandmaturecorporategovernancestructure.Sincethe1980s,withtheexpansionoftheglobalbusinessofmultinationalcompanies,theexchangeofinformationwithinthecompanyhasbecomeincreasinglybusy.Duetotheinformationtransmissionandcommunicationbarriersbetweenthedecision-makinglevelandtheexecutivelevel,ithasaffectedtherapidresponseandexecutionabilityofthemanagerstomajorcorporatedecisions.Somecompanieshavebeguntotreatthetraditionalboardofdirectors-chairman-generalmanager.Reformofcorporategovernancestructure.TheCEOisoneoftheproductsofthischange.Itsappearanceinasenserepresentsthetransitionofsomedecision-makingpowersinthehandsoftheoriginalboardofdirectorstotheoriginalmanagement.TheCEOisnotthegeneralmanager,northepresident.Itspowerisverylarge,40%to50%ofwhichisthepowerofthechairman.Theboardofdirectorsbecomesasmallboard,anditsmainfunctionistoselect,evaluateandformulateaCEO-centeredmanagementanditscompensationsystem.AlthoughtheCEOisnottheinvestorofthecompany,ithastherighttomakedecisionsonmajordecisions.
Inforeigncountries,themainconstraintontheCEOisnottheboardofdirectors,butanorganizationcalledthestrategicdecision-makingcommitteeintheenterprise.Thisstrategicdecision-makingcommitteeisthemainauthoritythatsupportsordeniestheCEO'sbusinessdecision-making.Inmanycountries,mostofthepeoplewhomakeupthestrategicdecision-makingcommitteearenotthepeopleinthecompany,letalonetheinvestorofthecompany,butthecelebritiesinthesocietywhoareengagedinbusinessmanagement,economics,andlaw.Therefore,itishumancapitalthatcontrolstheenterprise,nottheinvestor.Theinterestoftheinvestorisonlyreflectedinthereturnofthepropertyrights.
TheestablishmentoftheCEOembodiestheideaofputtingpeoplefirstandreasonablepricingforhumancapital.Thecorporategovernancestructuremodelbasedonthetheoryofseparationoftwopowersthatweusuallytalkaboutisbeingchallenged.Moreandmorefactsshowthatmodernproductionisshiftingfromrevolvingaroundmachinestorevolvingaroundknowledge.Humancapitalthusachievedanoverwhelmingpositionovermonetarycapital.Itisnotdifficulttofindthattheannualsalarysystem,stockoptions,andothersimilarincentivemeasuresaremerelyinstitutionalarrangementsmadebythemarkettoreasonablypriceentrepreneurs’humancapital.
Inamaturemarketenvironment,entrepreneurhumancapitalwillinevitablyfinditsownreasonableprice.Afterenteringtheenterpriseasaninstitutionalarrangement,humancapitalhasalreadytriggeredahugechangeintheenterprisepropertyrightssystem.Inadditiontogettingwages,humancapitalshouldalsogetareturnonpropertyrights.Thephenomenonthatenterprisesarecompletelyownedbyinvestorsisgraduallychanging.
TheemergenceoftheCEOalsosignifiesthatthetraditionaltheorythatownershipandmanagementmustbeseparatedhasalsoundergoneimportantrevisions.InthefaceofeconomicglobalizationandChina'saccessiontotheWTO,manycompanieshaveastrongsenseofcrisis,arebusyplanning,adjusting,andmakinggreateffortstomeetthechallengesoftheworldmarket.ItisinthiscontextthattheCEOappearedinourcountry.ItshouldalsobenotedthattheCEOsofsomeChinesecompanieshaveonlychangedtheirtitles,butinfacttheyarestillthedailyresponsibilitysystemofthegeneralmanagerunderthedecisionoftheboardofdirectors,notthetrueCEO.Itshouldbesaidthathumancapitalascapitalisthemostimportantmanifestationintheeraofknowledgeeconomy.
ItismoreimportanttochangethetitleofgeneralmanagerofacompanytoCEO.
Главен изпълнителен директор на Афганистан (2 снимки)
LiKeqiangmetwithAfghanCEOAbdullahinAstana.RahmonmetinDushanbeonthe8thwithAfghanChiefExecutiveAbdullah,whovisitedandattendedthehigh-levelinternationalmeetingontheresultsofthe"WaterforLife"InternationalDecadeofAction.LiKeqiangexchangedcongratulatorymessageswithAfghanistan’sChiefExecutiveAbdullahonthe20th.
Сравнение на имена
中 | японски | Английски | корейски | |
председател;председателoftheBoardofДиректорs;председателoftheBoardofДиректорs | председател | председател;председателoftheBoard | председател | |
Генерален мениджър; президент; главен изпълнителен директор; главен изпълнителен директор | президент | Управител,президент,CEO | президент | |
Executivedirector;managingdirector;managingdirector | От името на директора, специалният директор | Управляващ директор | От името на директора, старши директор | |
Директор | ProhibitionofДиректорs,SeniorOfficers,StandingOfficers | Директор | Директор,generalmanager,generalmanager | |
Управител,Viceпрезидент,Associate,SeniorДиректорofBusinessGroup | Ръководител на бизнес групата | Ръководител на бизнес групата p> | Управител | |
Управител,Associate,ДиректорofDepartment | министър | Началник отдел | министър | |
Ръководител на отдел | Началник на отдел,Началник на отдел | Началник отдел | Главна секция, горна стая | |
Началник отдел | Началник на отдел | SectioninCharge | Началник отдел,agent | |
Директор | Директор | Ръководител | Директор | |
Персонал | Членове | Персонал | Членове | Членове p> |
Подобни продукти
Главен изпълнителен директор | Финансов главен финансов директор | Главен информационен директор на CIOC | COOChiefOperatingOfficer |
CTOCchiefTechnologyOfficer | CHOChiefTalentOfficer | CMOГлавен директор по маркетинг | CPOChief ManufacturingOfficer |
CCOCchiefCulturalOfficer | CSChiefSecurityOfficer | Главен информационен директор на CIOC | CCOChiefKnowledgeOfficer |
