Калифорнийски технологичен институт

Basicinformation

TheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology(CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology)wasfoundedin1891bylocalbusinessmenandpoliticiansAmosG.ThroopdevelopedfromavocationalschoolfoundedinPasadena.BeforetheschoolreceivedthenameCaltechin1920,theschoolwasknownasThroopUniversity,ThroopInstituteofTechnology,andThroopInstituteofTechnology.ThepowerthatdroveCaltechfromaschoolofartsandcraftstoaworld-classsciencecenteroriginatedfromtheforesightofastronomerGeorgeElleryHale.HalecametoPasadenain1907andjoinedThroop'sBoardofTrusteesasthefirstdirectoroftheMountWilsonObservatory.AtthetimeAmericanscientificresearchwasstillinitsinfancy,HalesawanopportunitytocreateaformalengineeringandnaturalscienceeducationcollegeinPasadena.Halesuccessfullyattractedprivatelandandfinancialsponsorship,whichenabledhimtobuildwell-equippedmodernlaboratoryfacilitiesfortheschool.ThenhepersuadedMillikan,anexperimentalphysicist,tojointheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology,layingthefoundationforbuildingtheschoolintoacenterofscienceandtechnologyinthefuture.

In1917,HalehiredarchitectBertramGoodhuetoproduceamasterplanfora22-acrecampus.GoodhueconceivedtheoveralllayoutofthecampusanddesignedthePhysicsBuilding,DabneyHall,andotherbuildingsinwhichhesoughtconsistencywiththelocalclimate,thecharacteristicsoftheschool,andHale'seducationalphilosophy.Goodhue'sworkfortheCaliforniaStateAdministrationisalsoinfluencedbythetraditionalSpanishmissionbuildingstructureinSouthernCalifornia.

UndertheleadershipofHale,Noyes,andRobertA.Millikan(andpromotedbytheprosperityoftheSouthernCaliforniaeconomy),thereputationoftheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyItwasrapidlyimprovedinthe1920s.In1923,MillikanwontheNobelPrizeinPhysics.In1925,theschoolestablishedtheDepartmentofGeologyandhiredWilliamBennettMunro,chairmanofHarvardUniversity'sSchoolofHistory,Politics,andEconomics,tocreatetheCaltechSchoolofHumanitiesandSocialSciences.In1928,theSchoolofBiologywasfoundedundertheleadershipofThomasHuntMorgan,whowasthebestbiologistintheUnitedStatesandoneofthediscoverersofchromosomes.In1926,theGraduateSchoolofAeronauticswasfounded,anditfinallyattractedTheodorevonKármán,wholatercontributedtothecreationoftheJetPropulsionLaboratoryandestablishedCaltechasoneoftheleadingcentersofrocketscience..In1928,thePalomarObservatorybeganconstruction.

RobertA.Millikanservedasthe"ChairmanoftheExecutiveCommittee"(equivalenttothepresidentoftheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology)from1921to1945.HisinfluencewassogreatthattheschoolwassometimescalledItis"Millikan'sSchool".Inthe1950s,1960s,and1970s,Caltechbecamefamousfortheschoolswheretwoofthegreatesttheoreticalparticlephysicistsofthetimewerelocated:GellmanandFeynman.BothGellmanandFeynmanwontheNobelPrizefortheirwork,whichhasmademajorcontributionstotheestablishmentoftheso-called"standardmodel"ofparticlephysics.Feynmanisalsoknownoutsidethephysicscircleasanexcellentteacherandananti-traditionalfigure.

InJune2009,CaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyhostedthe13thPacificRimUniversityAssociationPresidentialAnnualMeeting.

InDecember2016,TianqiaoChendonatedUS$115milliontotheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologytoformallyestablishtheTianqiaoandChrissyChenInstitute(TianqiaoandChrissyChenInstitute).

OnApril2,2020,NanjingUniversityandotheruniversitiesformallyannouncedtheestablishmentoftheInternationalUniversityClimateAlliance.

School-runningstrength

Administration

TheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyhastheboardofdirectorsasthehighestauthority,andthepresidentoftheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyiselectedbytheboardofdirectors.Theboardofdirectorscurrentlyhas1chairman,3vice-chairmenand60directors.Inadditiontotheprincipal,thereare6vice-principals,inchargeofteachingandscientificresearch(anddeanoftheprovost),jetpropulsionlaboratory,studentaffairs,corporateandfinance,publicrelations,andastronomyfacilities.Thedeananddeputydeandirectlyleadthesixdepartmentsandoneresearchinstitutethatconductteachingandbasicresearchintheschool.Eachdepartmenthasonedirectorandonedirector.The6departmentsandoneresearchinstituteare:Biology,ChemistryandChemicalEngineering,EngineeringandAppliedSciences,GeologyandPlanetarySciences,HumanitiesandSocialSciences,Physics,MathematicsandAstronomy,BeckmanInstitute(Researchonsomesubjectsrelatedtobiologyandchemistry).Theboardofdirectorsconsistsofsevencommitteesincludingimplementation,audit,budgeting,realestate,investment,jetpropulsionlaboratory,andnomination.Thereare20committeesundertheschooladministration(mostofthemembersarepart-time).TheOfficeofStudentAffairsisthelargest"organization"oncampus,responsibleforenrollment,registration,financialaid,sports,andcareercounselingforundergraduateandgraduatestudents.Theschoolalsohasaprofessor'scouncil,whichisdividedinto22committees.

Schoolphilosophy

SincetheestablishmentofCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology,thegoodschoolspiritandcharacteristicculturegraduallyformedarethefundamentalguaranteeforittobecomeaworld-classuniversity.Thisincludesstudentsstudyinghard,supportingeachother,andfullofacademicfreedom;theresearchatmosphereofmulti-disciplinaryinterdisciplinary,researchandfullfreeexchangesinscientificresearch;thepursuitofqualityandamanagementcultureofexcellence;theentirecampusisfullofpursuitofscientifictruthanddedicationtoscienceAcademicatmosphereandsoon.

Катедри и специалности

Училищни настройки

SchoolofBiologicalSciences,SchoolofEngineeringandAppliedSciences,SchoolofChemistryandChemicalEngineering,GeologySchoolofScienceandPlanetarySciences,SchoolofPhysics,MathematicsandAstronomicalSciences,SchoolofHumanitiesandSocialSciences.

Професионални настройки

Аеронавтика, Астрофизика, Астрономия, Материалознание, Инженерство на околната среда, Машинно инженерство, Химическо инженерство, Гражданско инженерство, Компютърни и невронауки, Компютърни науки, Електроинженерство, Сеизмология, Земетръсно инженерство, Биология, Молекулярна биология, Невронаука, Геология, Физика, Планетарна наука Приложна физика, контрол и десетки динамични системи, управление ,икономика,социология,хуманитарни и социални науки,антропология,история,език и литература,и геофизика.

По-известните курсове на Калифорнийския технологичен институт са: аеронавтика, приложна математика, приложна механика, приложна физика, астрономия, биология, химическо инженерство, химия, гражданско инженерство, компютърни и мрежови системи, компютърни науки, електроника Инженерство, инженерни науки, екологично инженерство, мрежово, екологично качество, екологично качество ,хуманитарни науки,материалознание,математика,машиноинженерство физика,социални науки , и т.н. Ключови дисциплини: най-известната дисциплина на Калтех, физиката е първата, следвана от инженерството, химията, биологията, аерокосмическата наука, астрономията и геологията.

Studenteducationsystem

CaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyonlyenrollsabout800undergraduateseachyear,butonlymorethan600cangetabachelor'sdegree,andanaverageofabout200graduatesareeliminatedeveryyear.Students,manyofwhomareoutstandingstudentsfromallovertheworld.Graduatestudentsanddoctoralstudentsalsohaveasimilarstricteliminationratio.Formanyyears,thisschoolhascomeoutofthetopofthetop,andtheprestigeoftheprestigiousschoolhasbeenestablishedinthisway.TakingclassesatCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyishardwork,and"stress"issynonymouswithCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.Theacademicburdenhereissoheavy,thepaceoflearningissotight,andtheamountofweightissogreatthatfewotheruniversitiescancatchup.Forthisreason,20%ofthestudentsineachgradewereunabletograduateforvariousreasons-eitherdroppedoutofschoolortransferred.Thestudentswhocanstayherearewell-known"workaholics."Theystudyanaverageof50hoursaweek,andeachpersonmustcomplete486hoursofcoursesbeforegraduation.Thatistosay,thereareanaverageof5coursespersemester,and15coursesin3semestersayear-mostofthemThereareevenmorepeoplethanthis.Inaddition,allstudentsmusttake5physicscourses,2chemistry,2mathematics,1biology,1astronomyorgeology,and2experimentalcourses.

AtCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology,itisimpossibleforonepersontocompleteallthehomework.Therefore,"group-work"isnotonlycommonbutalsoverynecessary.Itisalsocommonplacetodothequestionswithoutsleepingallnight.Therefore,somestudentssaidthatthethingIhatethemostisthatonlyhalfoftheproblemissolved,andthenthesunhasrisen.However,theschoolshouldberegardedas"kind"foreachyear'sfreshmen.Freshmenarenotgivenlettersinthefirstyearofclass,butonly"passed"or"failed".Thisisundoubtedlytheresultoftheschool'seffortstorelievethepressureonthestudents.Asaresult,thefreshmenhaveayeartoadaptbeforetheycanfullykeepupwiththe"breathless"rhythmoftheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.

Researchreputation

Reputationoverview

CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology(CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology),orCaltechforshort,wasfoundedin1891andistheworld’stopscienceandengineeringOneofthescientificresearchinstitutions.CaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyhasonly124acres(50.18hectares)ofmicro-campusarea.Therearelessthan400facultymembersandmorethan2,000students(graduate+undergraduatestudents)oncampus,but74ofitsalumni,facultyandresearchers75WontheNobelPrizeforthefirsttime(ofwhich6NobelPrizewinnersarestillteaching),itisthehighest-densityinstitutionofhigherlearningintheworldforNobelPrizeawards.Themainpurposeoftheschoolistocultivateresearch-orientedtalents.Ithasalwaysimplementedastricteliteeducation,withateacher-studentratioofonly1:3,andmorethan500studentstrainedaslaboratorydirectorsinuniversitiesaroundtheworld.Amongthesmall-scalefacultyonthecampus,theschoolhas11HowardHughesMedicalInstitute(HHMI)researchersand6formeralumnioftheInstitute.CaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyrankedfirstintheworldforfiveconsecutiveyearsintheTimesHigherEducationWorldUniversityRankingsintheUnitedKingdomfrom2011/2012to2015/2016.In2015,"TimesHigherEducationWorldUniversityGraduateEmployability"ranked4thintheworld,secondonlytoHarvard,CambridgeandOxford.

Thepurposeofthisprivateuniversityisto"traincreativescientistsandengineersfortheneedsofeducation,governmentandindustrialdevelopment".AsofOctober2020,amongtheprofessorsandgraduatesofCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology(excludingtemporaryresearchers),40peoplehavewontheNobelPrize41times(Paulinghaswontwice),anaverageofoneinevery1,000graduatesNobelPrizewinners,theratioisthehighestamonguniversitiesintheworld.TheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyhasonlymorethan2,100studentsand290professors,associateprofessors,andassistantprofessors.Amongthem,thereare66membersoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,33membersoftheNationalAcademyofEngineering,and80membersoftheNationalAcademyofArts.Thisisequivalentto36.7%ofallcurrentfacultymembers.TherearenoschoolsintheUnitedStatesandeventheworld.

CaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyhasagroupoftopscientistsintheworld.In2008,theAmerican"Exploration"magazineselectedthe20mostintelligentscientistsundertheageof40intheUnitedStates.Theyareregardedasgeniusesintheirrespectiveresearchfields.,Bearingfruitfulresults,amongthe20talentedscientists,professorsfromtheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyaccountedfor4seats.

Theschoolhasadvancedscientificresearchfacilities,includingBoothComputingCenter,HaleObservatory,SeismologicalLaboratory,KerckhoffOceanLaboratory,BigBearSolarSystemObservatory,PalomarObservatory,OwensCanyonRadioObservatory,andNASA’sJetPropulsionExperimentLaboratory(JPL),EnvironmentalQualityLaboratory,thenewlyestablishedsub-millimeterobservatoryinHawaii,etc.EspeciallyworthmentioningistheJetPropulsionLaboratory(JPL),wherescientistssuccessfullyexperimentedanddesignedtheearliestmodernrocketsofmankind,anddesignedandassembledthespacecraftoftheAmericanApollomoonlandingprogram.Overthepasthalfcentury,JPLhasparticipatedinthedesignandlaunchofmanysignificantspacecraft,suchastheExplorerProject,theSailorProject,theGalileoProject,theMarsGlobalExplorer,theCassiniHuygenssatellite,andtheSpitzerDeepSpaceTelescope.NASA’sJetPropulsionLaboratoryisalsomanagedbytheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.

ThefamousphysicistsEinstein,Feynman,Hawking,Boll,Millikan,Gellman,thefamousastronomerHalley,theoriginatorofgeneticsMorgan,andtherocketexpertvonKamenCoachhere.InadditiontomanyNobelPrizewinners,famousalumniwhograduatedfromCaltechincludeIntel’sfounderGordonMoore,moonlandingastronautHarrisonSchmidt,andChinesemissileexpertQianXuesen.

ScienceisthethemeoftheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology,andithasalsomademanyscientists:Einsteingaveuphis"universeinvariancetheory"hereandrecognizedthe"cosmicexpansiontheory";physicistKarl·Andersondiscoveredpositronshere;physicistDaleBrakmademajordiscoveriesonthegeneticstructureandreplicationmechanismofviruseshere,leadingtothebirthofmoleculargenetics;physicistGellmanproposedhereQuarktheory;here,geochemistPatersoncalculatedtheearth’sagerecognizedbymodernscienceas4.6billionyears.TherearealsoNobelLaureatesinPhysicsRobertMillikan,RichardFeynman,MollyGilman,ArthurMacDonald(2015),NobelLaureatesinChemistryPauling,RudolfMarquez(RudolphMarcus),Xavier(AhmedZewail),MartinCapras(2013),Bezig(2014),thefamousgeneticistThomasMorganoftheNobelPrizeinBiology,EdLewis(EdLewis)Lewis)Wait.

Общо класиране

Следното е класирането на Калифорнийския технологичен институт в световните четири авторитетни университетски класации.

Освен това, през 2019-20 г., в класациите на Световния университет в Световния университет, публикувани от Центъра за класиране (CWUR), Калифорнийският технологичен институт се класира на 11-то място в света. tedStates. През ноември 2017 г. "Times HigherEducation" публикува глобалната класация за заетост за 2017 г., а Калифорнийският технологичен институт се класира на първо място в света; през ноември 2018 г. Times HigherEducation публикува 2018 Глобални университети, завършили заетост, Конкурентоспособност в класациите, Калифорнийският московски университетски технологичен институт класира 2. класиран 23din2019 и 27thin2020.

Класиране по предмет

Следното е класирането по предмет и област на Калифорнийския технологичен институт.

1,2019-20TimesHigherEducation(THE)WorldUniversityRrankingsSubjectRrankings:

2,2019-20QSWorldUniversityRrankingsbySubject:

3,2018-19USNewsNationalGraduateSchoolsRanking:

2019-20USNewsNationalMajorProfessionalSchools(ProfessionalSchools)Класиране:

4.2019-20 Академично класиране на световните университети (ARWU) Класиране по предмет:

Резултати от научни изследвания

Академичните постижения на Калифорнийския технологичен институт през 20-ти век са изброени накратко, както следва:

Inthe1920sand1930s,geologistWoodinventedtheseismograph,physicistandmathematicianGattanborginventedtheRichterScale(theRichterScale).Theydevelopedseismologyintoaninternationaldiscipline;

Inthe1930s,Paulingconductedresearchonthepropertiesofchemicalbonds,layingthefoundationformolecularbiology.HewontheNobelPrizeinChemistryin1954(andwonthePeacePrizein1962);

Inthe1940s,physicistDaleBraquemademajordiscoveriesonthegeneticstructureandreplicationmechanismofviruses,whichledtomoleculargeneticsThebirthoflearning.

Спечели Нобелова награда за медицина (и физиология) през 1969 г.;

In1948,scientistsfromtheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyfirstsurveyedtheentirestarryskythatcanbeobservedinthenorthernhemisphere.Thousandsofnewhouses,galaxies,andcometswerediscovered,andskymapsweredrawn.Thisastronomicalatlashasbeenregardedasastandardbyastronomersallovertheworld.In1964,astronomerSchmidtdiscoveredquasars(quasars)attheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology;

In1953,geochemistPatersoncalculatedthattheearth’sagerecognizedbythemodernscientificcommunitywas4.6billionyears..HewontheTylerPrice,thehighestinenvironmentalscienceintheworld;

През 60-те години на миналия век физикът Гелман предлага теорията за кварците. През 1969 г. той печели Нобеловата награда за физика;

Inthe1960s,RogerSperrydiscoveredthatthetwohemispheresofthebrainhavedifferentfunctions:thelefthemisphereisinchargeoflanguage(Vebalthinkingandlanguage),andtherighthemisphereisinchargeoftheimageThinking(spatial-visualthought).In1981,hewontheNobelPrizeinMedicineorPhysiology;

In1986,thebiologistHoodinventedtheDNASequemtor.Until2013,theHumanGenomeProjectmainlyreliedonthisinstrumenttoanalyzegenesequences;

През 1980-1990 г. професорите от Калтех са публикували средно 3,36 статии в първокласни природонаучни списания. Станфордският университет е класиран на второ място с 1,21, само 1/3 от предишния;

През октомври 1999 г. професор Аууд Ксавие, който преподаваше в Калтек, спечели Нобеловата награда за химия.

"IfCaltechdoesnotoccupyanimportantpositioninthehistoryofhighereducationintheUnitedStates,fewuniversitiescanmatchitsstatusinthehistoryofmodernscienceandtechnologyintheworld."Scholars’commentsindicatethatCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyUnparalleledacademicstatus.Indeed,fromtheworld’slargestopticalastronomicaltelescopetotheinteractionbetweenatoms;fromseismologytomolecularbiology;fromquarktheorytospaceexploration,therolesplayedbyscientistsattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyaredifficulttobeaffectedbyothers.replaced.

AcademicResources

TheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologylibrarysystemincludesfivebranches,subscribedtomorethan2,228paperjournalsand2,959electronicjournals,andhasacollectionofmorethan700,000books.Andawealthoftechnicalreports,governmentdocumentsandmapmaterials.ThefivebranchlibrariesareMillikanLibrary,ShermanLibrary,DabneyLibrary,AstrophysicsLibraryandGeologicalPlanetaryScienceLibrary.Amongthem,theMillikanLibraryandtheShermanLibraryarethetwomostimportant.Theentirelibrarysystemhas41staffmembers,including14professionallibrarians.MillikanLibrary:Thelargest,itistheschool'scentrallibrary,anditspremisesarealsothetallestbuildingintheschool.Librarymanagement,interlibraryloan,anddocumentdeliveryservicesareallconcentratedhere.Itmainlycollectsdocumentsofbiology,chemistry,mathematics,andphysics,aswellashumanitiesandsocialsciencejournals,governmentdocuments,Americanhistoryandsocialsciencemonographs,andalsocollectsmicroforms.

ShermanLibrary:Themaincollectionofliteratureonengineeringandapplieddisciplines,includingenvironmentalscience,computerscience,chemicalengineering,aviationtechnology,mechanicalengineering,appliedphysics,andappliedmathematics.

DabneyLibrary:ThisisalibraryattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyspecializinginthecollectionofhumanitiesandsocialsciences.ItislocatedonthefirstflooroftheDabneyBuilding.

Основните колекции са литература, изкуство, философия, европейска история, азиатска история, монографии за антична история и др., както и музикални компактдискове.

AstrophysicsLibrary:LocatedintheRobinsonBuilding,wheretheAstronomyDepartmentofCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyislocated.Thislibrarymainlyprovidesliteraturesupportforastronomers,astronomicalinstrumentdesigners,relatedprofessionalsandstudentstoconductresearchonoptics,microwaves,x-rays,gammarays,cosmiclight,infrared,theoreticalastronomy,etc.Thelibraryalsoprovidesdocumentationsupportforthemoreprofessionalobservatorylibrary.

GeologyandPlanetaryScienceLibrary:mainlycollectsmaterialsinthefieldsofearthandplanetarygeology,geophysics,geochemistry,seismology,andpaleontology,especiallyinthecollectionofrelatedgeologicalmaterialsinCalifornia,thewesternUnitedStatesandNorthAmericaIthasuniqueadvantages.ThemuseumnotonlycontainsalargenumberofreportsontheNationalGeologicalSurveyoftheUnitedStatesandthegeologicaldistributionofmineraldepositsinCalifornia,butalsoacollectionofpublicationsrelatedtotheNationalGeologicalSurveyandselectedforeignsurveyreports.Themuseum’sspecialcollectionsinclude:GeologicalFieldworkTravelGuideforNorthwestAmerica(focusingontheareabetweenthePacificOceanandtheRockyMountains);thepublicreportoftheUSGeologicalSurveyonthetopographicmapofthewesternUnitedStatesandthetopographicmapofCalifornia;CaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyDissertationfromtheDepartmentofGeologyandPlanetaryScienceoftheCollege.

CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology’sresearchcenters:InfraredProcessAnalysisResearchCenter(IPAC),AstronomyResearchCenter,MaterialProcessSimulationResearchCenter(MSC),AdvancedComputingResearchCenter(CACR),IndustrialRelationsResearchCenter,ComputerResourceResearchCenter,DepartmentofComputerScience,DepartmentofBioengineering,MolecularScienceLaboratory,JetPropulsionLaboratory(JPL)andotherscientificresearchinstitutions.

Културна традиция

Училищно мото

Училищното мото на Калифорнийския технологичен институт е: Истината ще ви направи свободни; преводът на китайски е: истината прави хората свободни.

Училищна значка

Училищната значка на Калифорнийския технологичен институт (Caltech) е показана на Фигура 1.

Училищна песен

Училищната песен на Калифорнийския технологичен институт е: FightforCaliforniaTech.

Атлетика

Калифорнийският технологичен институт има баскетбол за мъже, баскетбол за жени, бейзбол за мъже, фехтовка за мъже и жени и други спортни отбори. Асоциация, NCAA) трета дивизия (NCAADivisionIII).

Училищни интересни факти

1.Двадесет процента от учениците не могат да се дипломират

TalkingabouthowdifficultitistoattendclassesatCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyItcanbesaidthatnooneknowsandnooneknows:"Stress"issynonymouswithCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.Theacademicburdenhereissoheavy,thepaceoflearningissotight,andtheweightissogreatthatfewotheruniversitiescancatchup.Astudentsaid:"Unlessyouwanttobeascientistoranengineer,don'tcomeheretogotoschool."InthebrightandbrightsunshineofSouthernCalifornia,Disney,HollywoodandotherentertainmentresortsandLosAngelesarewithineasyreach,andthereisCaltech.Thestudentsofthecollegehaven'tmadeastepontheironehundredandtwenty-fouracrecampusinfouryears,doyoubelieveit?Manyhighschoolgraduateswhocametovisitfortheirupcomingstudieshereweredumbfoundedanddiscouraged.Atonetime,20%ofthestudentsineachgradewereunabletograduateforvariousreasons-eitherdroppedoutofschoolormovedaway.

Thestudentswhostayherearenotoriously"workaholics".Theystudyanaverageof50hoursaweek.Theymustcomplete486hoursofcoursesbeforegraduation,whichisanaverageFivecoursespersemester,15coursesinthreesemestersayear-mostpeopleevenmorethanthat.Thecollegedivideseachyearintothreesemesters(trimester).Allstudentsmusttakefivephysicscourses,twochemistry,twomathematics,onebiology,oneastronomyorgeology,andtwoexperimentalcourses.Here,almosteveryonehasanattitudeof"nomatterwhatproblemstheprofessorssetusuptocomplete".

2. Приликите и разликите между Caltech и MIT

PeopleoftencompareCaltechwithMIT.TheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologywasestablishedthirtyyearslaterthanMIT,andwasonlyestablishedin1891,anditsscaleismuchsmaller.MIThasateamofmorethan4,500undergraduates,plusgraduatestudents,therearenearly10,000studentsoncampus.AtCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology,thenumberofundergraduatesislessthan1,000,andthenumberofgraduatesislessthan2,000.Intermsofscale,thisisasmallschool;intermsofenvironment,thesceneryhereisbeautifulandthecampusisdottedwithlotusflowers.PondsandolivetreesareindeedmuchbetterthanMITfactorybuildings.Duetothesmallnumberofpeople,Caltech’spercapitaresearchfunding,percapitapublishedpapers,percapitacitationsandpercapitanumberofNobelPrizesarefarhigherthanthoseofMIT.Theteacher-studentratiois1:3,andMITisonly1:6.

CaliforniaInstituteofTechnologystudentshavealwaysbeen"dismissive"oftheircompetitorsintheNortheast.Incomparison,MITisstillaneducationalpolicythatfocusesonthecombinationofhumanities,socialsciencesandscienceandtechnology.Itseemstobea"coward"trickontheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology."Wearethe'TechnologyInstitute',andscienceisthethemehere."Astudentsaidinamoreaccentuatedtone.

Ofcourse,Caltechstudentsdon’tknowanythingabouthumanities.Theyalsohavetotaketwelvecoursesinthehumanitiesorsocialsciences,usuallyonepersemester.

Hereisindeedthesupremacyofscience.ManyfamousphysicistsandchemistshavemadediscoveriesthatshockedthescientificcommunityattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.ThephysicistCarlAndersondiscoveredpositronshere;itisalsoherethattheextroverted,humorousNobelLaureateinPhysicsFeynman(RPFeynman)hasbeenteachingfordecadesandhasbecomethemostadmiredbystudents.Oneoftheprofessors.MurryGellmann,theNobelPrizewinnerinPhysics,andEdLewis,whojustwontheNobelPrizeinBiologyin1997.Beforeandafter,theprofessorsandalumniofCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology(excludingtemporaryresearchers)produced37NobelPrizewinners,anditsstudentsreallyhavetherighttobeproud.

3.Дори и първокурсници имат възможност да проучват

SomestudentscomplainthatmostprofessorsfromCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologycomeheretodoresearchandarenotverygoodatteaching.interested."Thedistancebetweenprofessorsandstudentsseemsabitfarther."However,allcoursesattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyaretaughtbyprofessors,whichisnotsomethingthateveryuniversityintheUnitedStatescando.AndthestudentswhogotoCaltechhaveastronginterestinresearch.Here,"evenfreshmenhavetheopportunitytodoresearch",andlearningdoesnothavetobeconfinedtotheclassroom.CaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyhasthemostmodernlaboratoryinAmericanuniversities,theKeckTelescope-theworld'slargestastronomicaltelescope,andthehighestcomputer/personratiointheUnitedStates.

ThemostfamousdepartmentofCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyisPhysics.Tothisday,thisdepartmentstillattractshigh-achievingphysicsstudentsfromalloverthecountry.Engineering,especiallyelectronicengineering,aswellaschemistry,biology,botany,astronomy,andgeology,areveryeye-catching.Inthesummer,180undergraduateshavetheopportunitytoreceiveascholarshiptoconductresearchwithprofessors,and20%ofthemevenhavetheopportunitytopublishtheirresearchresultsinprofessionalscientificjournals.

4.Как мога да имам време да бъда враждебен към другите

StudentssaytheyliketheharmonyofinterpersonalrelationshipsatCaltech:trusteachotherandtakecareofeachother.Inthissmallcommunity,despitethegreatpressure,thestudentsdonotcompetetothedeathandlife,butinsteadhelpeachother.Thereisalsoawell-known"HonorCode"(HonorCode),whichissupervisedbythestudents.Eventhoughtheseniorstudentshavethekeytoopeneachdormitory,thereareveryfewthefts.Everyonecangetthefoodintherefrigerator,butnoonewilltouchitforseveraldays.Themostimportantthingisacademicethics:"Iftheprofessorsendsouttheexampaperstotakehometomake,noonewillcheat.Thequestionsshouldbecompletedinthreehours,andnoonewillovertimeforoneminute."Intheschool,allethnicgroups-Therelationshipisalsoverygood.Astudentexplained:"Wherewilltherebetimetobehostiletoothers?"

Undertheheavylearningpressure,theCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologystudentshardlyhavetimetothinkaboutanythingelse.thing.Therearenotmanyculturalactivitiesstartedoncampus,andmostpeoplespendtheirtimestudyinginthedormitoryonweekends.OneofthebiggestdifferencesfromMITisthattherearenoclubs,sportsteams,orfootballteams—"Whenyoulearnindistress,everythingelseisnotsoimportant."

5.Изобретателността на "учебен ден за камиони"

Когато се сблъскаха с учители в клас, учениците се държаха добре, но започнаха да се шегуват с "учебен ден за камиони" Хайде, смешно е.

Justliketheyoungstudentsinotheruniversities,thestudentsherearejokingandrefurbishing.Theannual"StruttingDay"isagoodopportunityforstudentstoshowtheirtalents:onthisday,thefourthgradersMydormitorywasblockedwithcables,steelbarsorevencomputerpasswords,leavingonlyafewcluessuggestinghowtoopenthedoor,andthenallofthemwithdrewfromtheschool,leavingthelowergradestomeditateallday(from8inthemorningto5intheafternoon))Howtogetinandget"trophies"-foodleftbyfourthgraders.

Actually,manyuniversitiesintheUnitedStateshavedifferentnamesof"HitSchoolDay".Generally,inthespring,agroupoffourth-graderswhoareabouttograduatechooseadaytoleavetheircoursesandfacetheemptyclassroomwithaprofessorwhosmilesbitterly.,Gotonearbybeachesandparkstoplaytogether.It’sjustatCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologythatlow-gradestudentswholiketomaketroubleoftensneakintotheirdormitoryroomswhenthehigh-gradestudentsareaway,adjustthepositionofthefurniture,driveanoldclassiccartothebed,orevenputitinthehouse.Everythingismovedaway,noteventhefloorisleft!

Theroadisonefoothigh,andthedevilisonefoothigh.Thefourthgraderstook"anti-sabotageaction".Beforeleaving,theymovedthebookshelforbedtothedoorsothatthepersonwhowantedtosabotagecouldnotopenthedoor,andthenjumpedoutofthewindow.Asaresult,onerackedhisbrainsandinsistedonenteringthedoor,andtheotherrackedhisbrainsnottoletin.Gradually,thismust-havewarbecamemoreandmoretroublesomeeveryyear,oftenleavingbothpartiesexhaustedbutoverwhelmed.Inthe1950s,furniturealonewasnotgoodenough.Thefourthgradersbegantobuildbanksafe-boxbarriers-steelbars,severaltonsofcement,timedclocks,andthickironplates.Protectivedeviceshaveallappeared.Thelowergradesalsobegantousevarious"heavyweight"objects:electricsaws,transporters,andhand-heldrockdrillsallcameinhandy.Somepeoplesay:Ifthedifferencebetweenhumansandotheranimalsliesintheirabilitytousetools,thenthedifferencebetweenCaltechstudentsandothersisthattheycanalwaysfindandusethesetoolsquickly.Inshort,inordertoopentheroom,theycandowhatevertheycan-cutaholeinthewall,openaskylightintheceiling.Anyway,theschool’sunwrittenruleis:Whoeverdoesthedamageisresponsibleforpayingtorepairtheroomasbefore.

6. Историята на "TheBigBangTheory"

ШелдънЛийКупър (BS, MS, MA, Ph.D., Sc.D.) и други университети, където работят трима талантливи учени.

Campusenvironment

Theschooldoesnothavesuchadazzlingbuilding,itlackstheromanceandeleganceoftheliberalartscollege,butinthefieldofscience,whatisneededisaseriousandpragmaticspirit.Walkingonthecampus,youcan'treallyappreciatethevalueofthisschool,andstudentsintheDepartmentofSurgerycan'tappreciatetheadvancedequipment.LookingatsomeChinesestudentspassingbyoncampus,IfeelthatChineseareeverywhereandtheyareinvolvedinvariousfields.Nomatterhowdifficultitistoapplyforaschool,therearealwaysChinesestudents.

SincetheestablishmentofCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology,thegoodschoolspiritandcharacteristicculturegraduallyformedarethefundamentalguaranteeforittobecomeaworld-classuniversity.Thisincludesstudentsstudyinghard,supportingeachother,andfullofacademicfreedom;theresearchatmosphereofmultidisciplinaryinterdisciplinary,researchandfullfreeexchangeinscientificresearch;thepursuitofqualityandamanagementcultureofexcellence;theentirecampusisfullofpursuitofscientifictruthanddedicationtoscience.Academicatmosphereandsoon.

Well-knownpeople

Asof2017,excludingtemporaryfacultyandstaff,atotalof37Caltechalumniorprofessorshavewon38NobelPrizes(including22alumni,15Professorswhoarenotalumniand5professorswhoarealsoalumni,amongwhichchemistPaulingwontwoNobelPrizes:1954ChemistryPrizeand1962PeacePrize);47peoplewontheNationalMedalofScience;10peoplewontheNationalMedalofTechnology.Amongthecurrentprofessorsare75membersoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,29membersoftheNationalAcademyofEngineering,and75membersoftheNationalAcademyofArtsandSciences.Inthe2017NobelPrizealone,thereare5winnerswhohavestudiedorworkedatCaltech,including2PhysicsPrizewinners,2PhysiologyandMedicinePrizewinners,and1ChemistryPrizewinner.

Линус Полинг, доктор на науките от 1925 г., носител на Нобелова награда за химия през 1954 г. и Нобелова награда за мир през 1962 г.

ZhaoZhongyao (Chung-YaoChao), PhD1930, физик, основател на китайската ядрена физика.

QianXuesen (TsienHsue-shen), доктор на науките през 1939 г., аеродинамик, някога ръководи разработването на ракети и дроети в Китай.

Wei-ChangQian, 1942 г., бащата на съвременната китайска механика, заместник-председател на Китайския народен политически консултативен съвет и известен педагог-мишка.

ShenShanjiong,amicrobialbiochemicalandmoleculargeneticist,wontheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyOutstandingAlumniAwardin1996.

Yuan-ChengFung, PhD1948, основателят на биомеханиката.

Chia-ChiaoLin, PhD 1944, механик и математик, ръководител на съвременна школа по приложна математика.

Pei-YuanChou, PhD 1928, теоретичен физик и механика на флуидите.

Гордън Мур (GordonMoore), PhD 1954, един от основателите на IntelCorporation, основателят на Закона на Мур.

LilyYehJan, PhD 1974, биофизик и член на Националната академия на науките.

Ричард Файнман (Ричард Файнман), известен физик, носител на Нобелова награда за физика през 1965 г.

Маартен Шмид (MaartenSchmidt), астроном, откривател на квазари.

TanJiazhen (C.C.Tan), PhD1936, основателят на модерната китайска генетика.

BaoWenkui,PhD1950,Chineseplantgeneticist.

Франк Капра (FrankCapra), BS1918, 3 пъти носител на Оскар за най-добър режисьор.

TonyChan,BS,MS,formerDeanoftheSchoolofNaturalSciencesattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,andthecurrentPresidentoftheHongKongUniversityofScienceandTechnology.

The20thcenturyChinesescienceandtechnologymastersQianXuesen,HuNing,GuoYonghuai,MengZhaoying,TanJiazhen,TangYouqi,ShenShanjiong,ZhengZhemin,ZhuangFenggan,XiaoJian,LiZhengwu,LuoFeilin,WuYaozu,BaiChunli,etc.AllareCaltechalumni.

Universityapplication

CaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyislocatedinthebeautifulcityofPasadenainsouthernCalifornia.EntertainmentdestinationssuchasHollywoodandLosAngelesareallwithineasyreach.Thepurposeofthisprivateuniversityisto"traincreativescientistsandengineersfortheneedsofeducation,governmentandindustrialdevelopment."Nature:Private,specializedcolleges

Местоположение: Пасадена, Калифорния, САЩ

Създадена: 1891 г

Институция: Колеж Има 6 департамента под него.

Училищно мото: Истината ще ви направи свободни

Настоящ декан: Томас Ф. Розенбаум

Applicationconditions:CompulsorySATReasoningTest.SATSubjectTestrequiresMath2andanyofChemistry,Biology,Physics.BachelorofScienceorBachelorofEngineeringisanecessarycondition,andtheGREaptitudetestisarequiredcondition.Threelettersofrecommendationandreadingplanareindispensable,noTOEFLtestisrequired.

Информация за приложението

1. Изисквания за резултат

UndergraduateIELTSisnotaccepted,pleaseconsultthecollege;undergraduateandgraduatestudentsarerequiredIELTSscoreabove7.0;Toefl100

satmath753saverbal660

sattotalscoreact

Бюджет на разходите

Бакалавърски такси/година$33324магистърско обучение$

Обща такса за бакалавър/година $49968 Обща такса за магистър/година $

Коефициент на прием14,70%

2. Изисквания за прием

(1) Нотариална заверка на най-високата степен на образование

(2) Нотариална заверка на резултатите (със среден резултат не по-малък от 90)

(3)Резултати от TOEFLR

(4) GRE резултати (не по-малко от 1300 точки)-завършили студенти

(5) GMAT резултати (не по-малко от 680 точки)-завършили студенти

(6)SATscore (не по-малко от 1500)-бакалавър

(7) Лично изявление

(8) Три писма с препоръка

3.Стипендии

Пропорция на стипендиите за студенти: 60%

Средни стипендии за студенти: 22026

Дял на стипендиите за чуждестранни студенти: 44%

4.Свързани разходи